Soil Evidence for Postglacial Forest-Grassland Fluctuation in the Absaroka Mountains of Northwestern Wyoming, U.S.A.

REFERENCES CITED

• Albanese, J., 1984: Geology of the Dead Indian Creek site, Park County, Wyoming. The Wyoming Archaeologist, 27: 101–110.
   Google Scholar
• Andrews, J. T., Carrara, P. E., King, F. B., and Stuckenrath, R., 1975: Holocene environmental changes in the alpine zone, northern San Juan Mountains, Colorado: Evidence from bog stratigraphy and palynology. Quaternary Research, 5: 173–197.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker, R. G., 1983: Holocene vegetational history of the western United States. In Wright, H. E., Jr. (ed.), Late-Quaternary Environments of the United States, Volume 2, The Holocene. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 109–127.
   Google Scholar
• Ball, D., 1964: Loss-on-ignition as an estimate of organic matter and organic carbon in non-calcareous soils. Journal of Soil Science, 15: 84–92.
   Google Scholar
• Becker, C. F. and Alyea, J., 1964a: Temperature probabilities in Wyoming. University of Wyoming, Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin, 415. 157 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Becker, C. F. and Alyea, J., 1964b: Precipitation probabilities in Wyoming. University of Wyoming, Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin, 416. 97 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Birkeland, P. W., 1984: Soils and Geomorphology. New York: Oxford University Press. 372 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Bouyoucos, G., 1962: Hydrometer method improved for making particle size analyses of soils. Agronomy Journal, 54: 464–465.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breckenridge, R., 1974: Quaternary and environmental geomorphology of the Upper Wood River area, Absaroka Range, Wyoming. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Wyoming, Laramie. 139 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Bryson, R. A., Irving, W. N., and Larson, J. A., 1965: Radiocarbon and soil evidence of former forest in southern Canadian tundra. Science, 147: 46–48.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buckman, H. O. and Brady, N. C., 1960: The Nature and Properties of Soils. New York: Macmillan. 567 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Carrara, P. E., Mode, W. N., Rubin, M., and Robinson, S. W., 1984: Deglaciation and postglacial timberline in the San Juan Mountains, Colorado. Quaternary Research, 21: 42–55.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dake, C., 1919: Glacial features on the south side of Beartooth Plateau, Wyoming. Journal of Geology, 27: 1128–1131.
   Google Scholar
• Dreier, J., 1967: Economic geology of the Sunlight mineralized region, Park County, Wyoming. M.S. thesis, University of Wyoming, Laramie. 81 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Drever, J., 1973: The preparation of oriented clay mineral specimens for X-ray diffraction analysis by a filter-membrane technique. American Mineralogist, 58: 553–554.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frison, G. C., 1978: Prehistoric Hunters of the High Plains. New York: Academic Press, Inc. 457 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Frison, G. C. and Walker, D. N., 1984: The Dead Indian Creek site: An Archaic occupation in the Absaroka Mountains of northwestern Wyoming. The Wyoming Archaeologist, 27: 11–13.
   Google Scholar
• Gile, L., Peterson, F., and Grossman, R., 1966: Morphological and genetic sequences of carbonate accumulation in desert soils. Soil Science, 101: 347–360.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guthrie, R. and Witty, J., 1982: New designations for soil horizons and layers and the new Soil Survey Manual. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 46: 443–444.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hague, A., 1899: Absaroka Folio. U.S. Geological Survey, Atlas of the United States No. 52. 18 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Hesse, P., 1971: A Textbook of Soil Chemical Analysis. New York: Chemical Publishing Co., Inc. 520 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Huckleberry, G., 1985: Paleoenvironmental interpretations from soils in the Sunlight basin area, Park County, Wyoming. M.A. thesis, University of Wyoming, Laramie. 170 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Ingbar, E., Rapson, D., Todd, L., and Eckles, D., 1986: A cultural resource investigation and mitigation plan of the Clark's Fork Road and site 48PA551, Park County, Wyoming, highway number PREA-1507 (23). Prepared by Office of the Wyoming State Archaeologist, Wyoming Recreation Commission, Laramie, for Wyoming Highway Department. 85 pp. plus appendices.
   Google Scholar
• Jungerius, P. D., 1969: Soil evidence of postglacial treeline fluctuations in Cypress Hills area, Alberta, Canada. Arctic and Alpine Research, 1: 235–245.
   Google Scholar
• LaMarche, V., Jr., 1973: Holocene climatic variations inferred from treeline fluctuations in the White Mountains, California. Quaternary Research, 3: 632–660.
   Google Scholar
• LaMarche, V., Jr. and Mooney, H. A., 1967: Altithermal timberline advance in western United States. Nature, 213: 980–982.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LaMarche, V., Jr. and Mooney, H. A., 1972: Recent climatic change and development of the bristlecone pine krummholz zone, Mt. Washington, Nevada. Arctic and Alpine Research, 4: 61–72.
   Google Scholar
• Lewis, R., 1979: Use of opal phytoliths in paleo-environmental reconstruction. M.A. thesis, University of Wyoming, Laramie. 66 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Mack, R. N., Rutter, N. W., and Valastro, S., 1983: Holocene vegetational history of the Kootenai River valley, Montana. Quaternary Research, 20: 177–193.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Madsen, D. B. and Currey, D. R., 1979: Late Quaternary glacial and vegetation changes, Little Cottonwood Canyon area, Wasatch Mountains, Utah. Quaternary Research, 12: 254–270.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Markgraf, V. and Scott, L., 1981: Lower timberline in central Colorado during the past 15,000 years. Geology, 9: 231–234.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mehringer, P. J., Jr., Arno, S. F., and Petersen, K. L., 1977: Postglacial history of Lost Trail Pass Bog, Bitterroot Mountains, Montana. Arctic and Alpine Research, 9: 345–368.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson, W., Prostka, H., and Williams, F., 1980: Geology and mineral resources of the North Absaroka Wilderness and vicinity, Park County, Wyoming. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin, 1447. 101 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Parsons, W., 1939: Glacial geology of the Sunlight area, Park County, Wyoming. Journal of Geology, 47: 737–748.
   Google Scholar
• Pearsall, D., 1979: The application of ethnobotanical techniques to the problem of subsistence in the Ecuadorian Formative. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.
   Google Scholar
• Petersen, K. L. and Mehringer, P. J., Jr., 1976: Postglacial timberline fluctuations, LaPlata Mountains, southwestern Colorado. Arctic and Alpine Research, 8: 275–288.
   Google Scholar
• Pierce, W., 1961: Permafrost and thaw depressions in a peat deposit in the Beartooth Mountains, northwestern Wyoming. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 424-B: 195–197.
   Google Scholar
• Pierce, W. and Nelson, W., 1968: Geologic map of the Pat O'Hara Mountain Quadrangle, Park County, Wyoming. U.S. Geological Survey Map, GO-755.
   Google Scholar
• Piper, C., 1950: The determination of calcium carbonate; rapid titration method. In: Soil and Plant Analysis. New York: Interscience, 135–136.
   Google Scholar
• Reeves, B. O. K., 1975: Early Holocene prehistoric land/resource utilization patterns in Waterton Lakes National Park, Alberta. Arctic and Alpine Research, 7: 237–248.
   Google Scholar
• Reeves, B. O. K. and Dormaar, J., 1972: A partial Holocene pedological and archaeological record from the southern Alberta Rocky Mountains. Arctic and Alpine Research, 4: 325–336.
   Google Scholar
• Reider, R. G., 1977: Radiocarbon dates from carbonates of soils on Bull Lake and Pinedale tills of the Libby Creek area, Medicine Bow Range, Wyoming. Contributions to Geology, University of Wyoming, 15: 67–72.
   Google Scholar
• Reider, R. G., 1980: Interpretation of climatic change at the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary using soils associated with paleoindian cultural levels at the Sheaman and Agate Basin (Brewster) sites in eastern Wyoming. Plains Conference Abstracts, 38: 36.
   Google Scholar
• Reider, R. G., 1982: Soil development and paleoenvironments. In Frison, G. C. and Stanford, D. J. (eds.), The Agate Basin Site: A Record of the Paleoindian Occupation of the Northwestern High Plains. New York: Academic Press, 331–344.
   Google Scholar
• Reider, R. G., 1983a: A soil catena in the Medicine Bow Mountains, Wyoming, U.S.A., with reference to paleoenvironmental influences. Arctic and Alpine Research, 15: 181–192.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reider, R. G., 1983b: Soils and late Pleistocene-Holocene environments of the Sister's Hill archeological site near Buffalo, Wyoming. Contributions to Geology, University of Wyoming, 22: 117–127.
   Google Scholar
• Reider, R. G., 1984: An observation on soil development at the Dead Indian Creek archaeological site, Park County, Wyoming. The Wyoming Archaeologist, 27: 99–100.
   Google Scholar
• Reider, R. G., 1986: Paleoenvironmental interpretations from Clovisage to modern soils in alluvium of low-order drainages in Wyoming basins. Abstracts with Programs 1986, Rocky Mountain Section, Geological Society of America, 18: 404.
   Google Scholar
• Reider, R. G., 1987: Soil formation and paleoenvironmental interpretation at the Horner site, Park County, Wyoming. In Frison, G. C. and Todd, L. C. (eds.), The Horner Site: The Type Site of the Cody Cultural Complex. New York: Academic Press, 347–360.
   Google Scholar
• Reider, R. G. and Karlstrom, E. T., 1987: Soils and stratigraphy of the Laddie Creek site (48BH345), an Altithermal-age occupation in the Big Horn Mountains, Wyoming. Geoarchaeology, 2: 29–47.
   Google Scholar
• Richmond, G. M., 1962: Quaternary stratigraphy of the La Sal Mountains, Utah. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 324. 135 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Richmond, G. M., 1965: Glaciation of the Rocky Mountains. In Wright, H. E., Jr. and Frey, D. G. (eds.), The Quaternary of the United States. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 218–230.
   Google Scholar
• Ritchie, J. C. and Hare, F. K., 1971: Late Quaternary vegetation and climate near the Arctic treeline of northwestern North America. Quaternary Research, 1: 331–342.
   Google Scholar
• Rovner, I., 1971: Potential of opal phytoliths for use in paleo-ecological reconstruction. Quaternary Research, 1: 343–359.
   Google Scholar
• Sansom, B. R. and Reider, R. G., 1974: Soil development on Wisconsin moraines of the Libby Creek area, Medicine Bow Mountains, Wyoming. Contributions to Geology, University of Wyoming, 13: 27–39.
   Google Scholar
• Sando, W., MacKenzie, G., Jr., and Dutro, J., Jr., 1975: Stratigraphy and geologic history of the Amsden Formation (Mississippian and Pennsylvanian) of Wyoming. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 848-A. 83 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Soil Survey Staff, 1951: Soil Survey Manual, Agricultural Handbook 18. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office. 503 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Soil Survey Staff, 1975: Soil Taxonomy, Agricultural Handbook 436. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office. 754 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Sorenson, C., 1977: Reconstructed Holocene bioclimates. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 67: 214–222.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sorenson C., Knox, J., Larsen, J., and Bryson, R., 1971: Paleosols and the forest border in Keewatin, N.W.T. Quaternary Research, 1: 468–473.
   Google Scholar
• Sundell, K., 1980: The geology of the North Fork of the Owl Creek area, Absaroka Range, Hot Springs County, Wyoming. M.S. thesis, University of Wyoming, Laramie. 150 pp.
   Google Scholar
• Twiss, P., Suess, E., and Smith, R., 1969: Morphological classification of grass phytoliths. Soil Science Society of America Proceedings, 33: 109–114.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Waddington, J. C. B. and Wright, H. E., Jr., 1974: Late Quaternary vegetational changes on the east side of Yellowstone Park, Wyoming. Quaternary Research, 4: 175–184.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walkley, A. and Black, I., 1934: An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science, 37: 29–38.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilson, M., 1984: The Dead Indian Creek site and its environment. The Wyoming Archaeologist, 27: 15–21.
   Google Scholar