401
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

A psychometric validation of the Dysmorphic Concerns Questionnaire (DCQ) in adolescents and young adults

, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Pages 280-289 | Received 19 Apr 2022, Accepted 16 Jun 2022, Published online: 07 Aug 2022

References

  • Albert, U., Pellegrini, L., Maina, G., Atti, A. R., De Ronchi, D., & Rhimer, Z. (2019). Suicide in obsessive-compulsive related disorders: Prevalence rates and psychopathological risk factors. Journal of Psychopathology, 25(3), 139–148.
  • Allen, L. M., Roberts, C., Zimmer-Gembeck, M. J., & Farrell, L. J. (2020). Exploring the relationship between self-compassion and body dysmorphic symptoms in adolescents. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, (25), 100535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocrd.2020.100535
  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders.
  • Bjornsson, A. S., Didie, E. R., Grant, J. E., Menard, W., Stalker, E., & Phillips, K. A. (2013). Age at onset and clinical correlates in body dysmorphic disorder. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 54(7), 893–903. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.03.019
  • Buckley, V., Krebs, G., Bowyer, L., Jassi, A., Goodman, R., Clark, B., & Stringaris, A. (2018). Innovations in practice: Body dysmorphic disorder in youth – Using the development and well‐being assessment as a tool to improve detection in routine clinical practice. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 23(3), 291–294. https://doi.org/10.1111/camh.12268
  • Buhlmann, U., Glaesmer, H., Mewes, R., Fama, J. M., Wilhelm, S., Brähler, E., & Rief, W. (2010). Updates on the prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder: A population-based survey [Article]. Psychiatry Research, 178(1), 171–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2009.05.002
  • Cash, T. F., Phillips, K. A., Santos, M. T., & Hrabosky, J. I. (2004). Measuring “negative body image”: Validation of the body image disturbance questionnaire in a nonclinical population. Body Image, 1(4), 363–372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2004.10.001
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203771587
  • Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155–159. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155
  • Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3), 297–334. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02310555
  • Enander, J., Ivanov, V. Z., Mataix-Cols, D., Kuja-Halkola, R., Ljótsson, B., Lundström, S., Pérez-Vigil, A., Monzani, B., Lichtenstein, P., & Rück, C. (2018). Prevalence and heritability of body dysmorphic symptoms in adolescents and young adults: A population-based nationwide twin study. Psychological Medicine, 48(16), 2740–2747. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291718000375
  • Galupo, M. P., Cusack, C. E., & Morris, E. R. (2021). “Having a non-normative body for me is about survival”: Androgynous body ideal among trans and nonbinary individuals. Body Image, 39, 68–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2021.06.003
  • Goldberg, D. P. (1972). The detection of psychiatric illness by questionnaire: A technique for the identification and assessment of non-psychotic psychiatric illness. Oxford U. Press.
  • Grant, J. E., Suck Won, K., & Crow, S. J. (2001). Prevalence and clinical features of body dysmorphic disorder in adolescent and adult psychiatric inpatients. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 62(7), 517–522. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.v62n07a03
  • Hancock, G. R., & Mueller, R. O. (2001). Rethinking construct reliability within latent variable systems. In R. Cudeck, S. du Toit, & D. Sorbom (Eds.), Structural equation modeling: Present and future (pp. 195–216). Scientific Software International.
  • Hanley, S. M., Bhullar, N., & Wootton, B. M. (2020). Development and initial validation of the body dysmorphic disorder scale for youth. The Clinical Psychologist, 24(3), 254–266. https://doi.org/10.1111/cp.12225
  • Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
  • Hunsley, J., & Mash, E. J. (2007). Evidence-based assessment. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 3(1), 29–51. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.3.022806.091419
  • Jafary, F., Farahbakhsh, K., Shafiabadi, A., & Delavar, A. (2011). Quality of life and menopause: Developing a theoretical model based on meaning in life, self-efficacy beliefs, and body image. Aging & Mental Health, 15(5), 630–637. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2010.548056
  • Jensen Doss, A., & Weisz, J. R. (2008). Diagnostic agreement predicts treatment process and outcomes in youth mental health clinics. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76(5), 711–722. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.76.5.711
  • Johnson, S., Egan, S. J., Andersson, G., Carlbring, P., Shafran, R., & Wade, T. D. (2019). Internet-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy for perfectionism: Targeting dysmorphic concern. Body Image, 30, 44–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.05.002
  • Jorgensen, L., Castle, D., Roberts, C., & Groth-Marnat, G. (2001). A clinical validation of the dysmorphic concern questionnaire. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 35(1), 124–128. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.2001.00860.x
  • Juárez, F., & Contreras, F. (2008). Psychometric properties of the general self-efficacy scale in a Colombian sample. International Journal of Psychological Research, 1(2), 6–12. https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.907
  • Kapsali, F., Nikolaou, P., & Papageorgiou, C. (2020). Dysmorphic concern questionnaire: Greek translation, validation and psychometric properties. Open Journal of Psychiatry, 10(03), 101. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojpsych.2020.103011
  • Kashan, D. L., Horan, M. P., Wenzinger, E., Kashan, R. S., Baur, D. A., Zins, J. E., & Quereshy, F. A. (2021). Identification of body dysmorphic disorder in patients seeking corrective procedures from oral and maxillofacial surgeons. The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, 32(3), 970–973. https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000007370
  • Koran, L. M., Abujaoude, E., Large, M. D., & Serpe, R. T. (2008). The prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder in the United States adult population. CNS Spectrums, 13(4), 316–322. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1092852900016436
  • LeBeau, R. T., Mischel, E. R., Simpson, H. B., Mataix-Cols, D., Phillips, K. A., Stein, D. J., & Craske, M. G. (2013). Preliminary assessment of obsessive–compulsive spectrum disorder scales for DSM-5. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 2(2), 114–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocrd.2013.01.005
  • MacCallum, R. C., Browne, M. W., & Sugawara, H. M. (1996). Power analysis and determination of sample size for covariance structure modeling. Psychological Methods, 1(2), 130. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.1.2.130
  • Mancuso, S. G., Knoesen, N. P., & Castle, D. J. (2010). The dysmorphic concern questionnaire: A screening measure for body dysmorphic disorder. The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 44(6), 535–542. https://doi.org/10.3109/00048671003596055
  • Mastro, S., Zimmer-Gembeck, M. J., Webb, H. J., Farrell, L., & Waters, A. (2016). Young adolescents’ appearance anxiety and body dysmorphic symptoms: Social problems, self-perceptions and comorbidities. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 8, 50–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocrd.2015.12.001
  • McDonald, R. P. (1999). Test theory: A unified treatment. Routledge.
  • McNeish, D. (2018). Thanks coefficient alpha, we’ll take it from here. Psychological Methods, 23(3), 412. https://doi.org/10.1037/met0000144
  • Mokkink, L. B., Prinsen, C. A., Patrick, D. L., Alonso, J., Bouter, L. M., De Vet, H. C., & Terwee, C. B. (2018). COSMIN methodology for systematic reviews of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs): User manual. COSMIN.
  • Monzani, B., Rijsdijk, F., Anson, M., Iervolino, A. C., Cherkas, L., Spector, T., & Mataix-Cols, D. (2012). A twin study of body dysmorphic concerns. Psychological Medicine, 42(9), 1949–1955. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291711002741
  • Moses, K., Gayed, M., Chuah, S., & Wootton, B. M. (2020). The use of evidence-based assessment for anxiety disorders in an Australian sample. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 75, 102279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102279
  • Nilsson, M. H., Hagell, P., & Iwarsson, S. (2015). Psychometric properties of the general self-efficacy scale in Parkinson’s disease. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 132(2), 89–96. https://doi.org/10.1111/ane.12368
  • Oosthuizen, P., Lambert, T., & Castle, D. J. (1998). Dysmorphic concern: Prevalence and associations with clinical variables. The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 32(1), 129–132. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.1998.00377.x
  • Phillips, K. A., Atala, K. D., & Pope, H. G. (1995). Diagnostic instruments for body dysmorphic disorder. American Psychiatric Association 148th Annual Meeting, Miami, FL, USA.
  • Phillips, K. A., Didie, E. R., Menard, W., Pagano, M. E., Fay, C., & Weisberg, R. B. (2006). Clinical features of body dysmorphic disorder in adolescents and adults. Psychiatry Research, 141(3), 305–314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2005.09.014
  • Phillips, K. A., Menard, W., Quinn, E., Didie, E. R., & Stout, R. L. (2013). A 4-year prospective observational follow-up study of course and predictors of course in body dysmorphic disorder. Psychological Medicine, 43(5), 1109–1117. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291712001730
  • Rautio, D., Jassi, A., Krebs, G., Andrén, P., Monzani, B., Gumpert, M., Lewis, A., Peile, L., Sevilla-Cermeño, L., Jansson-Fröjmark, M., Lundgren, T., Hillborg, M., Silverberg-Morse, M., Clark, B., Fernández de la Cruz, L., & Mataix-Cols, D. (2022). Clinical characteristics of 172 children and adolescents with body dysmorphic disorder. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 31(1), 133–144. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01677-3
  • Roberts, C., Zimmer-Gembeck, M. J., Lavell, C., Miyamoto, T., Gregertsen, E., & Farrell, L. J. (2018). The appearance anxiety inventory: Factor structure and associations with appearance-based rejection sensitivity and social anxiety. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 19, 124–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocrd.2018.10.004
  • Roberts, C., Zimmer-Gembeck, M. J., & Farrell, L. J. (2019). The multidimensional youth body dysmorphic inventory: Development and preliminary validation. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 50(6), 927–939. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-019-00893-6
  • Rozzell, K. N., Carter, C., Convertino, A. D., Gonzales, M., IV, & Blashill, A. J. (2020). The dysmorphic concern questionnaire: Measurement invariance by gender and race/ethnicity among sexual minority adults. Body Image, 35, 201–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.08.010
  • Schieber, K., Kollei, I., de Zwaan, M., & Martin, A. (2018). The dysmorphic concern questionnaire in the German general population: Psychometric properties and normative data. Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, 42(5), 1412–1420. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-018-1183-1
  • Schwarzer, R., Jerusalem, M., Weinman, J., Wright, S., & Johnston, M. (1995). Measures in health psychology: A user’s portfolio. Causal and control beliefs. Nfer-Nelson.
  • Senín-Calderón, C., Valdés-Díaz, M., Benítez-Hernández, M. M., Núñez-Gaitán, M. C., Perona-Garcelán, S., Martínez-Cervantes, R., & Rodríguez-Testal, J. F. (2017). Validation of Spanish language evaluation instruments for body dysmorphic disorder and the dysmorphic concern construct. Frontiers in Psychology, 8. 8(1107. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01107
  • Stangier, U., Janich, C., Adam-Schwebe, S., Berger, P., & Wolter, M. (2003). Screening for body dysmorphic disorder in dermatological outpatients. Dermatology and Psychosomatics/Dermatologie Und Psychosomatik, 4(2), 66–71. https://doi.org/10.1159/000072194
  • Veale, D., Eshkevari, E., Kanakam, N., Ellison, N., Costa, A., & Werner, T. (2014). The appearance anxiety inventory: Validation of a process measure in the treatment of body dysmorphic disorder. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 42(5), 605–616. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1352465813000556
  • Wilhelm, S., Greenberg, J. L., Rosenfield, E., Kasarskis, I., & Blashill, A. J. (2016). The Body Dysmorphic Disorder Symptom Scale: Development and preliminary validation of a self-report scale of symptom specific dysfunction. Body Image, 17, 82–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.02.006
  • Wilhelm, S., Phillips, K. A., & Steketee, G. (2013). Cognitive-Behavioral therapy for body dysmorphic disorder: A treatment manual. The Guilford Press.
  • Yin, Z., Wang, D., Ma, Y., Hao, S., Ren, H., Zhang, T., Chen, W., & Fan, J. (2016). Self-esteem, self-efficacy, and appearance assessment of young female patients undergoing facial cosmetic surgery: A comparative study of the Chinese population. JAMA Facial Plastic Surgery, 18(1), 20–26. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamafacial.2015.1381

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.