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British Poultry Science Volume 11, 1970 - Issue 1
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Original Articles

Some factors affecting the incidence of cracks in hens’ egg shells

G. B. Anderson Agricultural Research Council, Poultry Research Centre, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JS, Scotland
,
T. C. Carter Agricultural Research Council, Poultry Research Centre, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JS, Scotland
&
R. Morley Jones Agricultural Research Council, Poultry Research Centre, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JS, Scotland
Pages 103-116 | Published online: 08 Nov 2007

References

  • Anderson , G. B. , Carter , T. C. and Morley Jones , R. “ Some factors affecting dynamic fracture of egg shells in battery cages ” . In Factors affecting Egg Grading. , Edited by: Gordon , R. F. and Freeman , B. M. Edinburgh : Oliver & Boyd . (in press).
  • Blount , W. P. 1951 . Hen Batteries. , London : Baillière, Tindall & Cox .
  • Blount , W. P. 1966 . Comments on the Brambell Committee Report. , London : British Oil & Cake Mills Ltd .
  • Blount , W. P. 1968 . Intensive Livestock Farming. , London : Heinemann .
  • Bowman , J. C. and Challender , N. I. 1963 . Egg shell strength. A comparison of two laboratory tests and field results . Br. Poult. Sci. , 4 : 103 – 116 .
  • Carter , T. C. 1968a . The hen's egg: estimation of egg mean and flock mean shell thickness . Br. Poult. Sci. , 9 : 343 – 357 .
  • Carter , T. C. 1968b . The hen's egg: a mathematical model with three parameters . Br. Poult. Sci. , 9 : 165 – 171 .
  • Carter , T. C. 1970 . The hen's egg: some factors affecting deformation in statically loaded shells . Br. Poult. Sci. , 11 : 15 – 38 .
  • Coles , R. 1938a . A preliminary investigation into the occurrence and causes of hair cracks in hen egg shells . J. Minist. Agric. Fish. , 44 : 1088 – 1094 .
  • Coles , R. 1938b . A preliminary investigation into the occurrence and causes of hair cracks in hen egg shells. II . J. Minist. Agric. Fish. , 44 : 1204 – 1213 .
  • Hicks , E. F. 1958 . Heritability and correlation analyses of egg weight, egg shape and egg number in chickens . Poult. Sci. , 37 : 967 – 975 .
  • Hutt , F. B. 1949 . Genetics of the Fowl. , New York : McGraw‐Hill Book Company .
  • Kopec , S. 1927 . Beiträge zur Kenntnis des Mechanismus der physiologischen Schalenfarbenvariabilität der Hühnereier . Arch. Geflügelk. , 1 : 344 – 357 .
  • Romanoff , A. L. 1929 . Studies in the physical properties of the hen's egg shell in relation to the function of shell‐secretory glands . Biol. Bull. mar. biol. Lab., Woods Hole , 56 : 351 – 356 .
  • Romanoff , A. L. and Romanoff , A. J. 1949 . The Avian Egg. , New York : Wiley .
  • Tung , M. A. , Staley , L. M. and Richards , J. F. 1968 . Studies on egg shell strength, shell stiffness, shell quantity, egg size and shape . Br. Poult. Sci. , 9 : 221 – 229 .
  • Tyler , C. and Geake , F. H. 1958 . Studies on egg shells. IX. The influence of individuality, breed and season on certain characteristics of egg shells from pullets . J. Sci. Fd Agric. , 9 : 473 – 483 .
  • Tyler , C. and Geake , F. H. 1960 . Studies on egg shells. XIII. Influence of individuality, breed, season and age on certain characteristics of egg shells . J. Sci. Fd Agric. , 11 : 535 – 547 .
  • Wells , R. G. 1967 . Egg shell strength. I. The relationship between egg breakage in the field and certain laboratory assessments of shell strength . Br. Poult. Sci. , 8 : 131 – 139 .
  • Wilhelm , L. A. 1940 . Some factors affecting variations in egg shell quality . Poult. Sci. , 19 : 246 – 253 .
  • Wood‐Gush , D. G. M. and Gilbert , A. B. 1969 . Observations on the laying behaviour of hens in battery cages . Br. Poult. Sci. , 10 : 29 – 36 .

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