Ileal MUC2 gene expression and microbial population, but not growth performance and immune response, are influenced by in ovo injection of probiotics in broiler chickens

References

• Applegate, T.J., Klose, V., Steiner, T., Ganner, A. & Schatzmayr, G. (2010) Probiotics and phytogenics for Poultry: myth or reality? The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 19: 194–210. doi: 10.3382/japr.2010-00168.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Awad, W.A., Ghareeb, K., Abdel-Raheem, S. & Böhm, J. (2009) Effects of dietary inclusion of probiotic and synbiotic on growth performance, organ weights, and intestinal histomorphology of broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 88: 49–56. doi: 10.3382/ps.2008-00244.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cobb-Vantress. (2012). Cobb 500: Cobb Broiler Performance & Nutrient Supplement Giude. (Siloam Springs, AR, USA: Cobb-Vantress Inc.. http://cobb-vantress.com/academy/product-guides.
   Google Scholar
• Corrier, D.E. & DeLoach, J.R. (1990) Evaluation of cell-mediated, cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity in young chickens by an interdigital skin test. Poultry Science, 69: 403–408. doi: 10.3382/ps.0690403.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cox, N.A., Bailey, J.S., Blankenship, L.C. & Gildersleeve, R.P. (1992) Research note: in ovo administration of a competitive exclusion culture treatment to broiler embryos. Poultry Science, 71: 1781–1784. doi: 10.3382/ps.0711781.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crawford, J.S. (1979) Probiotics in animal nutrition. Proceedings of the Arkansas Nutrition Conference, Arkansas, USA, pp. 45–55.
   Google Scholar
• Cukrowska, B., Lodinova-Zadnikova, R., Enders, C., Sonnenborn, U., Schulze, J. & Tlaskalova-Hogenova, H. (2002) Specific proliferative and antibody responses of premature infants to intestinal colonization with nonpathogenic probiotic E. coli strain Nissle 1917. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology, 55: 204–209. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-3083.2002.01005.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duc, L.H., Hong, H.A., Barbosa, T.M., Henriques, A.O. & Cutting, S.M. (2004) Characterization of Bacillus probiotics available for human use. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 70: 2161–2171. doi: 10.1128/AEM.70.4.2161-2171.2004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edens, F.W., Parkhurst, C.R., Casas, I.A. & Dobrogosz, W.J. (1997) Principles of ex ovo competitive exclusion and in ovo administration of Lactobacillus reuteri. Poultry Science, 76: 179–196. doi: 10.1093/ps/76.1.179.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghasemi, H.A., Shivazad, M., Esmaeilnia, K., Kohram, H. & Karimi, M.A. (2010) The effects of a synbiotic containing Enterococcus faecium and inulin on growth performance and resistance to coccidiosis in broiler chickens. The Journal of Poultry Science, 47: 149–155. doi: 10.2141/jpsa.009065.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haghighi, H.R., Gong, J., Gyles, C.L., Hayes, M.A., Zhou, H., Sanei, B., Parvizi, P., Gisavi, H., Chambers, J.R. & Sharif, S.H. (2005) Modulation of antibody mediated immune response by probiotics. Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology, 12: 1387–1392.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Haghighi, H.R., Gong, J., Gyles, C.L., Hayes, M.A., Zhou, H., Sanei, B., Sanei, B., Chambers, J.R. & Sharif, S. (2006) Probiotics stimulate production of natural antibodies in chickens. Clinical Vaccine Immunology, 13: 975–980. doi: 10.1128/CVI.00161-06.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hashemzadeh, Z., Karimi-Torshizi, M.A., Rahimi, S., Razban, V. & Zahraei-Salehi, T. (2010) Prevention of Salmonella colonization in neonatal broiler chicks by using different routes of probiotic administration in hatchery evaluated by culture and PCR techniques. Journal of Agriculture Science and Technology, 12: 425–432.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, M.K., Choi, Y.J., Houde, R., Lee, J.W., Lee, B. & Zhao, X. (2004) Effects of Lactobacilli and an acidophilic fungus on the production performance and immune responses in broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 83: 788–795. doi: 10.1093/ps/83.5.788.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ignatova, M., Sredkova, V. & Marasheva, V. (2009) Effect of dietary inclusion of probiotic on chickens performance and some blood indices. Biotechnology Animal Husbandry, 25: 1079–1085.
   Google Scholar
• Izadi, A., Moslemi, E., Poorhosseini, S.M., Yassaee, V.R., Kheiri, H.R. & Elikai, H.R. (2014) UBD identify in paraffin tissues in patients with colorectal cancer. Journal of Isfahan Medical School, 32 (291): 1–10.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, S.H., Lillehoj, H.S., Dalloul, R.A., Park, D.W., Hong, Y.H. & Lin, J.J. (2007) Influence of Pediococcus-based probiotic on coccidiosis in broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 86 (1): 63–66 doi:10.1093/ps/86.1.63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lourenco, M.C., Kuritza, L.N., Westphal, P., Muniz, E., Pickler, L. & Santin, E. (2012) Effects of Bacillus subtilis in the Dynamics of Infiltration of Immunological Cells in the Intestinal Mucosa of Chickens Challenged with Salmonella Minnesota. International Journal of Poultry Science, 11 (10): 630–634 doi:10.3923/ijps.2012.630.634.
   Google Scholar
• Mack, D.R. (2003) Extracellular MUC3 mucin secretion follows adherence of Lactobacillus strains to intestinal epithelial cells in vitro. Gut, 52: 827–833. doi: 10.1136/gut.52.6.827.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marquardt, W.W., Synder, D.B., Savage, P.K., Kadavil, S.K. & Yancey, F.S. (1985) Antibody Response to Newcastle Disease Virus Given by Two Different Routes as Measured by ELISA and Hemagglutination-Inhibition Test and Associated Tracheal Immunity. Avian Diseases, 29: 71–79. doi: 10.2307/1590695.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meijerhof, R. & Hulet, R.M. (1997) In ovo injection of competitive exclusion culture in broiler hatching eggs. The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 6: 260–266. doi: 10.1093/japr/6.3.260.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mountzouris, K.C., Tsirtsikos, P., Kalamara, E., Nitsch, S., Schatzmayr, G. & Fegeros, K. (2007) Evaluation of the efficacy of a probiotic containing Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Pediococcus strains in promoting broiler performance and modulating cecal microflora composition and metabolic activities. Poultry Science, 86: 309–317. doi: 10.1093/ps/86.2.309.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mountzouris, K.C., Tsitrsikos, P., Palamidi, I., Arvaniti, A., Mohnl, M., Schatzmayr, G. & Fegeros, K. (2010) Effects of probiotic inclusion levels in broiler nutrition on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, plasma immunoglobulins, and cecal microflora composition. Poultry Science, 89: 58–67. doi: 10.3382/ps.2009-00308.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park, J.H. & Kim, I.H. (2014) Supplemental effect of probiotic Bacillus subtilis B2A on productivity, organ weight, intestinal Salmonella microflora, and breast meat quality of growing broiler chicks. Poultry Science, 93: 2054–2059. doi: 10.3382/ps.2013-03818.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romanoff, A.L. (1960) The Avian Embryo. (New York: Macmillan, USA).
   Google Scholar
• Seifert, S., Fritz, C., Carlini, N., Barth, S.W., Franz, C.M. & Watzl, B. (2011) Modulation of innate and adaptive immunity by the probiotic Bifidobacterium longum PCB133 in turkeys. Poultry Science, 90: 2275–2280. doi: 10.3382/ps.2011-01560.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sen, S., Ingale, S.L., Kim, Y.W., Kim, J.S., Sen, K., Ingale, S.L., Kim, Y.W., Kim, J.S., Kim, K.H., Lohakare, J.D., Kim, E.K., Kim, H.S., Ryu, M.H., Kwon, I.K. & Chae, B.J. (2012) Effect of supplementation of Bacillus subtilis LS 1-2 to broiler diets on growth performance, nutrient retention, caecal microbiology and small intestinal morphology. Research in Veterinary Science, 93: 264–268. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.05.021.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sorum, H. & Sunde, M. (2001) Resistance to antibiotics in the normal flora of animals. Veterinary Research, 32: 227–241. doi: 10.1051/vetres:2001121.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sterzo, E., Paiva, J., Penha-Filho, R. & Berchieri-Junior, A. (2005) Time required to protect the intestinal tract of chicks against Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis using competitive exclusion. Brazil Journal of Poultry Science, 7: 119–122.
   Google Scholar
• Tako, E., Ferket, P.R. & Uni, Z. (2004) Effects of in ovo feeding of carbohydrates and beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate on the development of chicken intestine. Poultry Science, 83: 2023–2028. doi: 10.1093/ps/83.12.2023.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Talebi, A., Amirzadeh, B., Mokhtari, B. & Gahri, H. (2008) Effects of a multi-strain probiotic (PrimaLac) on performance and antibody responses to Newcastle disease virus and infectious bursal disease virus vaccination in broiler chickens. Avian Pathology, 37: 509–512. doi: 10.1080/03079450802356995.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsirtsikos, P., Fegeros, K., Balaskas, C., Kominakis, A. & Mountzouris, K.C. (2012) Dietary probiotic inclusion level modulates intestinal mucin composition and mucosal morphology in broilers. Poultry Science, 91: 1860–1868. doi: 10.3382/ps.2011-02005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weis, J., Hrncar, C., Pal, G., Baranska, B., Bujko, J. & Malikova, L. (2011) Effect of probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium M74 supplementation on the carcass parameters of different hybrid combination chickens. Scientific Papers on Animal Science and Biotechnology, 44: 149–152.
   Google Scholar
• Witkamp, M. & Olson, J.S. (1963) Breakdown of confined and non-confined oak litter. Oikos, 14: 138–147. doi: 10.2307/3564969.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wolfenden, R.E., Pumford, N.R., Morgan, M.J., Shivaramaiah, S., Wolfenden, A.D., Pixley, C.M., Green, J., Tellez, G. & Hargis, B.M. (2011) Evaluation of selected direct-fed microbial candidates on live performance and Salmonella reduction in commercial turkey brooding houses. Poultry Science, 90: 2627–2631. doi: 10.3382/ps.2011-01360.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zulkifli, I., Abdullah, N., Azrin, M. & Ho, Y.W. (2000) Growth performance and immune response of two commercial broiler strains fed diets containing Lactobacillus cultures and oxytetracycline under heat stress conditions. British Poultry Science, 41: 593–597. doi: 10.1080/713654979.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar