Molecular characterisation and phylogenetic analysis of Marek’s disease virus in Turkish layer chickens

References

• Abd-Ellatieff, H. A., A. A. Rawash, R. A. Hany, F. Ellakany, and Y. Tokuma. 2017. “Th1 and Th2 Cytokines Activity during Transformation and Lymphoma Formation Stage in Chicken Naturally Infected with Marek’s Disease Virus.” IOSR Journal of Agriculture Veterinary Science 10: 72–80. doi:10.9790/2380-1001017280.
   Google Scholar
• Atkins, K. E. 2010. “Epidemiology and Evolution of Marek’s Disease Virus”. PhD Diss. Univ. Edinburgh. Accessed February 2019. https://www.era.lib.ed.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/1842/4617/Atkins2010.pdf?sequence=1
   Google Scholar
• Baigent, S. J., L. P. Smith, L. J. Petherbridge, and V. K. Nair. 2011. “Differential Quantification of Cloned CVI988 Vaccine Strain and Virulent RB-1B Strain of Marek’s Disease Viruses in Chicken Tissues, Using Real-time PCR.” Research Veterinary Sciences 91: 167–174. doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.08.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baigent, S. J., V. K. Nair, and H. L. E. Galludec. 2016. “Real-time PCR for Differential Quantification of CVI988 Vaccine Virus and Virulent Strains of Marek’s Disease Virus.” Journal of Virological Methods 233: 23–36. doi:10.1016/j.jviromet.2016.03.002.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brown, A. C., L. P. Smith, L. Kgosana, S. J. Baigent, V. Nair, and M. J. Allday. 2009. “Homodimerisation of the Meq Viral Oncoprotein Is Necessary for Induction of T-Cell Lymphoma by Marek’s Disease Virus.” Journal of Virology 83 (21): 11142–11151. doi:10.1128/JVI.01393-09.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calnek, B. W., and R. L. Witter. 1997. “Marek’s Disease.” In Diseases of Poultry, edited by B. W. Calnek, 367–413. 10th ed. Ames: Iowa State University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Chang, K.-S., K. Ohashi, and M. Onuma. 2002. “Diversity (Polymorphism) of the Meq Gene in the Attenuated Marek’s Disease Virus (MDV) Serotype 1 and MDV-transformed Cell Lines.” Journal of Veterinary Medicine Science 64: 1097–1101. doi:10.1292/jvms.64.1097.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Churchill, A. E., and P. M. Biggs. 1967. “Agent of Marek’s Disease in Tissue Culture.” Nature 215: 528–530. doi:10.1038/215528a0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davison, A. J. 2010. “Herpesvirus systematic.” Veterinary Microbiology 143: 52–69. doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.02.014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doosti, A., and M. Golshan. 2011. “Molecular Study for Detection of Marek’s Disease Virus (MDV) in Southwest of Iran.” Scientific Research and Essays 6: 2560–2563.
   Google Scholar
• Gimeno, I. M. 2008. “Marek’s Disease Vaccines: A Solution for Today but A Worry for Tomorrow?” Vaccine 26: C31–C41. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.04.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gimeno, I. M., O. J. Fletcher, E. Montiel, O. Osuna, N. Majo, R. Dolz, J. A. Smyth, K. A. Schat, A. R. Pandiri, and G. Zavala. 2013. Enfermedades Inmunosupresoras En Avicultura. Zaragoza, Spain: Publicado por Editorial Servet. ISBN 10: 8494138944.
   Google Scholar
• Gong, Z., L. Zhang, J. Wang, L. Chen, H. Shan, Z. Wang, and H. Ma. 2013. “Isolation and Analysis of a Very Virulent Marek’s Disease Virus Strain in China.” Virology Journal 10: 155. doi:10.1186/1743-422X-10-155.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hartawan, R., and N. L. P. I. Dharmayanti. 2016. “The Meq Gene Molecular Profile of Marek’s Disease Virus Serotype 1 from Kampung and Arabic Chicken Farms in Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia.” HAYATI Journal of Biosciences 23: 160–167. doi:10.1016/j.hjb.2016.12.004.
   Google Scholar
• Hassanin, O., F. Abdallah, and I. E. El-Araby. 2013. “Molecular Characterisation and Phylogenetic Analysis of Marek’s Disease Virus from Clinical Cases of Marek’s Disease in Egypt.” Avian Diseases 57: 555–561. doi:10.1637/10337-082912-Reg.1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jarosinski, K. W., B. K. Tischer, S. Trapp, and N. Osterrieder. 2006. “Marek’s Disease Virus: Lytic Replication, Oncogenesis and Control.” Expert Review of Vaccines 5: 761–772. doi:10.1586/14760584.5.6.761.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, D., L. Lee, J. L. Liu, H. J. Kung, and J. K. Tillotson. 1992. “Marek Disease Virus Encodes a Basic-leucine Zipper Gene Resembling the Fos/jun Oncogenes that Is Highly Expressed in Lymphoblastoid Tumors.” Proceedings of National Academy of Science. U.S.A. 89: 4042–4046. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.9.4042.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalyani, I. H., C. G. Joshi, M. K. Jhala, B. B. Bhanderi, and J. H. Purohit. 2011. “Characterisation of 132 Bp Repeats BamH1-H Region in Pathogenic Marek’s Disease Virus of Poultry in Gujarat, India, Using PCR and Sequencing.” Indian Journal of Virology 22: 72–75. doi:10.1007/s13337-011-0031-6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kamaldeep, P., C. Sharma, and G. Narang. 2007. “Occurrence of Marek’s Disease in Vaccinated Poultry Flocks of Haryana (India).” International Journal of Poultry Science 6: 372–377. doi:10.3923/ijps.2007.372.377.
   Google Scholar
• Lee, S. I., M. Takagi, K. Ohashi, C. Sugimoto, and M. Onuma. 2000. “Difference in the Meq Gene between Oncogenic and Attenuated Strains of Marek’s Disease Virus Serotype 1.” Journal of Veterinary Medical Sciences 62: 287–292.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• López-Osorio, S., D. Piedrahita, M. A. Espinal-Restrepo, G. C. Ramírez-Nieto, V. Nair, S. M. Williams, S. Baigent, C. Ventura-Polite, D. A. Aranzazu-Taborda, and J. J. Chaparro-Gutiérrez. 2017. “Molecular Characterisation of Marek’s Disease Virus in a Poultry Layer Farm from Colombia.” Poultry Sciences 96: 1598–1608. doi:10.3382/ps/pew464.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lupiani, B., L. F. Lee, X. Cui, I. Gimeno, A. Anderson, R. W. Morgan, R. F. Silva, R. L. Witter, H.-J. Kung, and S. M. Reddy. 2004. “Marek’s Disease Virus-encoded Meq Gene Is Involved in Transformation of Lymphocytes but Is Dispensable for Replication.” Proceedings of National Academy of Science. U.S.A. 101: 11815–11820. doi:10.1073/pnas.0404508101.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Markowski-Grimsrud, C. J., and K. A. Schat. 2002. “Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Responses to Marek’s Disease Herpesvirus-encoded Glycoproteins.” Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 90: 133–144. doi:10.1016/S0165-2427(02)00229-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mescolini, G., C. Lupini, V. Felice, A. Guerrini, F. Silveira, M. Cecchinato, and E. Catelli. 2019. “Molecular Characterisation of the Meq Gene of Marek’s Disease Viruses Detected in Unvaccinated Backyard Chickens Reveals the Circulation of Low- and High-virulence Strains.” Poultry Sciences 98: 3130–3137. doi:10.3382/ps/pez095.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• OIE. 2016. Chapter 2. 3.13,“Marek’s disease. In: OIE Terrestrial Manual[Internet] [accessed: 2016–01-06] Available from: http://www.oie.int/fileadmin/Home/eng/Health_standards/tahm/2.03.13_Marek_Dis.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Otaaki, Y., T. Nunoya, M. Tajima, A. Kato, and Y. Nomura. 1988. “Depression of Vaccinal Immunity to Marek’s Disease by Infection with Chicken Anaemia Agent.” Avian Pathology 17: 333–347. doi:10.1080/03079458808436452.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palya, V., T. Tatar-Kis, T. Mato, B. Feldfoldi, E. Kovacs, and Y. Gardin. 2014. “Onset and Long-term Duration of Immunity Provided by a Single Vaccination with a Turkey Herpesvirus Vector ND Vaccine in Commercial Layers.” Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 158: 105–115. doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.11.008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qian, Z., P. Brunovskis, F. Rauscher, L. Lee, and H. J. Kung. 1995. “Transactivation Activity of Meq, a Marek’s Disease Herpesvirus bZIP Protein Persistently Expressed in Latently Infected Transformed T Cells.” Journal of Virology 69: 4037–4044. doi:10.1128/JVI.69.7.4037-4044.1995.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ross, N., G. O’sullivan, C. Rothwell, G. Smith, S. C. Burgess, M. Rennie, L. F. Lee, and T. F. Davison. 1997. “Marek’s Disease Virus EcoRI-Q Gene (Meq) and a Small RNA Antisense to ICP4 are Abundantly Expressed in CD4+ Cells and Cells Carrying a Novel Lymphoid Marker, AV37, in Marek’s Disease Lymphomas.” Journal of General Virology 78 (Pt 9): 2191–2198. doi:10.1099/0022-1317-78-9-2191.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shamblin, C. E., N. Greene, V. Arumugaswami, R. L. Dienglewicz, and M. S. Parcells. 2004. “Comparative Analysis of Marek’s Disease Virus (MDV) Glycoprotein-, Lytic Antigen Pp38- and Transformation Antigen Meq-encoding Genes: Association of Meq Mutations with MDVs of High Virulence.” Veterinary Microbiology 102: 147–167. doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2004.06.007.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tamura, K., and M. Nei. 1993. “Estimation of the Number of Nucleotide Substitutions in the Control Region of Mitochondrial DNA in Humans and Chimpanzees.” Molecular Biology and Evolution 10: 512–526. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040023.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tian, M., Y. Zhao, Y. Lin, N. Zou, C. Liu, P. Liu, S. Cao, X. Wen, and Y. Huang. 2011. “Comparative Analysis of Oncogenic Genes Revealed Unique Evolutionary Features of Field Marek’s Disease Virus Prevalent in Recent Years in China.” Virology Journal 8: 121. doi:10.1186/1743-422X-8-121.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Witter, R. L. 1997. “Increased Virulence of Marek’s Disease Virus Field Isolates.” Avian Diseases 41: 149–163. doi:10.2307/1592455.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Witter, R. L., and K. A. Schat. 2003. “Marek’s Disease.” In Diseases of Poultry, edited by Y. M. Saif, H. J. Barnes, J. R. Glisson, A. M. Fadly, L. R. Mcdougald, and D. L. Swayne, 407–465. 11th ed. Ames: Blackwell Publishing, Iowa: Iowa State University press.
   Google Scholar
• Witter, R. L., B. W. Calnek, C. Buscaglia, I. M. Gimeno, and K. A. Schat. 2005. “Classification of Marek’s Disease Viruses according to Pathotype: Philosophy and Methodology.” Avian Pathology 34: 75–90. doi:10.1080/03079450500059255.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woźniakowski, G., A. Mamczur, and E. Samorek-Salamonowicz. 2015. “Common Occurrence of Gallid Herpesvirus-2 with Reticuloendotheliosis Virus in Chickens Caused by Possible Contamination of Vaccine Stocks. Journal of Applied Microbiology 118: 803–808. doi:10.1111/jam.12734.
   Google Scholar
• Woźniakowski, G., E. Samorek-Salamonowicz, and W. Kozdruń. 2010. “Sequence Analysis of Meq Oncogene among Polish Strains of Marek’s Disease.” Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 13: 263–267.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woźniakowski, G., E. Samorek-Salamonowicz, and W. Kozdruń. 2011. “Molecular Characteristics of Polish Field Strains of Marek’s Disease Herpesvirus Isolated from Vaccinated Chickens.” Acta veterinaria Scandinavica 53: 10. doi:10.1186/1751-0147-53-10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, Y. P., C. J. Liu, F. Zhang, W. Shi, and J. Li. 2011. “Sequence Analysis of the Meq Gene in the Predominant Marek’s Disease Virus Strains Isolated in China during 2006-2008.” Virus Genes 43: 353–357. doi:10.1007/s11262-011-0645-1.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar