True ileal calcium digestibility in soybean meal and canola meal, and true ileal phosphorous digestibility in maize-soybean meal and maize-canola meal diets, without and with microbial phytase, for broiler growers and finishers

References

• Abdollahi, M. R., A. B. J. Van Dalen, W. H. Hendriks, and V. Ravindran. 2015. “Influence of Separate Feeding of Calcium on Nutrient Digestibility, Energy Utilisation and Performance of Young Broilers Fed Pelleted Wheat-based Diets.” Animal Feed Science and Technology 205: 122–130. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.04.014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdollahi, M. R., Y. Duangnumsawang, R. P. Kwakkel, S. Steenfeldt, S. M. Bootwalla, and V. Ravindran. 2016. “Investigation of the Interaction between Separate Calcium Feeding and Phytase Supplementation on Growth Performance, Calcium Intake, Nutrient Digestibility and Energy Utilisation in Broiler Starters.” Animal Feed Science and Technology 219: 48–58. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.05.017.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anwar, M. N., V. Ravindran, P. C. H. Morel, G. Ravindran, and A. J. Cowieson. 2015. “Measurement of True Ileal Calcium Digestibility in Meat and Bone Meal for Broiler Chickens.” Animal Feed Science and Technology 206: 100–107. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.05.018.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anwar, M. N., V. Ravindran, P. C. H. Morel, G. Ravindran, and A. J. Cowieson. 2016a. “Effect of Limestone Particle Size and Calcium to Non-phytate Phosphorus Ratio on True Ileal Calcium Digestibility of Limestone for Broiler Chickens.” British Poultry Science 57: 707–713. doi:10.1080/00071668.2016.1196341.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anwar, M. N., V. Ravindran, P. C. H. Morel, G. Ravindran, and A. J. Cowieson. 2016b. “Measurement of True Ileal Calcium Digestibility in Meat and Bone Meal for Broiler Chickens Using the Direct Method.” Poultry Science 95 (1): 70–76. doi:10.3382/ps/pev319.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anwar, M. N., V. Ravindran, P. C. H. Morel, G. Ravindran, and A. J. Cowieson. 2016c. “Apparent Ileal Digestibility of Calcium in Limestone for Broiler Chickens.” Animal Feed Science and Technology 213: 142–147. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.01.014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anwar, M. N., V. Ravindran, P. C. H. Morel, G. Ravindran, and A. J. Cowieson. 2017. “Effect of Calcium Source and Particle Size on the True Ileal Digestibility and Total Tract Retention of Calcium in Broiler Chickens.” Animal Feed Science and Technology 224: 39–45. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.12.002.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anwar, M. N., V. Ravindran, P. C. H. Morel, G. Ravindran, and A. J. Cowieson. 2018. “Measurement of the True Ileal Calcium Digestibility of Some Feed Ingredients for Broiler Chickens.” Animal Feed Science and Technology 237: 118–128. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2018.01.010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AOAC. 2005. Official Methods of Analysis. 18th ed. Washington, DC: Association of Official Analytical Chemists.
   Google Scholar
• Bedford, M., and X. Rousseau. 2017. “Recent Findings regarding Calcium and Phytase in Poultry Nutrition.” Animal Production Science 57 (11): 2311–2316. doi:10.1071/AN17349.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beeson, L. A., C. L. Walk, M. R. Bedford, and O. A. Olukosi. 2017. “Hydrolysis of Phytate to Its Lower Esters Can Influence the Growth Performance and Nutrient Utilisation of Broilers with Regular or Super Doses of Phytase.” Poultry Science 96 (7): 2243–2253. doi:10.3382/ps/pex012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bell, J. M. 1993. “Factors Affecting the Nutritional Value of Canola Meal: A Review.” Canadian Journal of Animal Science 73 (4): 679–697. doi:10.4141/cjas93-075.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blaabjerg, K., J. Hansen-Moller, and H. D. Poulsen. 2010. “High Performance Ion Chromatography Method for Separation and Quantification of Inositol Phosphates in Diet and Digesta.” Journal of Chromatography B 878 (3–4): 347–354. doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.11.046.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blahos, J., A. D. Care, and B. S. Sommerville. 1987. “Effect of Low Calcium and Low Phosphorous Diets on Duodenal and Ileal Absorption of Phosphate in Chick.” Endocrinologia Experimentalis 21 (1): 59–64.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Browning, L. C., and A. J. Cowieson. 2014. “The Concentration of Strontium and Other Minerals in Animal Feed Ingredients.” Journal of Applied Animal Nutrition 2: 1–6, e7. doi:10.1017/jan.2013.9.
   Google Scholar
• Caldwell, R. A. 1992. “Effect of Calcium and Phytic Acid on the Activation of Trypsinogen and the Stability of Trypsin.” Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 40 (1): 43–46. doi:10.1021/jf00013a008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cowieson, A. J., P. Wilcock, and M. R. Bedford. 2011. “Super-dosing Effects of Phytase in Poultry and Other Monogastrics.” World’s Poultry Science Journal 67 (2): 225–235. doi:10.1017/S0043933911000250.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• David, L. S., M. R. Abdollahi, G. Ravindran, C. L. Walk, and V. Ravindran. 2019. “Studies on the Measurement of Ileal Calcium Digestibility of Calcium Sources in Broiler Chickens.” Poultry Science 98 (11): 5582–5589. doi:10.3382/ps/pez314.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• David, L. S., M. R. Abdollahi, M. R. Bedford, and V. Ravindran. 2020. “Effect of Age and Dietary Crude Protein on the Apparent Ileal Calcium Digestibility of Limestone in Broiler Chickens.” Animal Feed Science and Technology 263: 114468. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114468.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dilger, R. N., and O. Adeola. 2006. “Estimation of True Phosphorus Digestibility and Endogenous Phosphorus Loss in Growing Chicks Fed Conventional and Low-phytate Soybean Meals.” Poultry Science 85 (4): 661–668. doi:10.1093/ps/85.4.661.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karlsson, S., V. Sjöberga, and A. Ogar. 2015. “Comparison of MP AES and ICP-MS for Analysis of Principal and Selected Trace Elements in Nitric Acid Digests of Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus).” Talanta 135: 124–132. doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2014.12.015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, S. W., W. Li, R. Angel, and M. Proszkowiec-Weglarz. 2018. “Effects of Limestone Particle Size and Dietary Ca Concentration on Apparent P and Ca Digestibility in the Presence or Absence of Phytase.” Poultry Science 97 (12): 4306–4314. doi:10.3382/ps/pey304.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, W., R. Angel, S. W. Kim, K. Brady, S. Yu, and P. W. Plumstead. 2017. “Impacts of Dietary Calcium, Phytate, and Phytase on Inositol Hexakisphosphate Degradation and Inositol Phosphate Release in Different Segments of Digestive Tract of Broilers.” Poultry Science 96 (10): 3626–3637. doi:10.3382/ps/pex170.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mateos, G. G., E. Jimenez-Moreno, M. P. Serrano, and R. Lazaro. 2012. “Poultry Response to High Levels of Dietary Fibre Sources Varying in Physical and Chemical Characteristics.” Journal of Applied Poultry Research 21 (1): 156–174. doi:10.3382/japr.2011-00477.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mejicanos, G., N. Sanjayan, I. H. Kim, and C. M. Nyachoti. 2016. “Recent Advances in Canola Meal Utilisation in Swine Nutrition.” Journal of Animal Science and Technology 58 (1): 7–19. doi:10.1186/s40781-016-0085-5.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Morgan, N. K. 2014. “Quantification and Alleviation of the Antinutritional Effects of Phytate on Poultry.” PhD. Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK.
   Google Scholar
• Morgan, N. K., C. L. Walk, M. R. Bedford, and E. J. Burton. 2014. “The Effect of Dietary Calcium Inclusion on Broiler Gastrointestinal pH: Quantification and Method Optimization.” Poultry Science 93 (2): 354–363. doi:10.3382/ps.2013-03305.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moss, A. M., P. V. Chrystal, Y. Dersjant-Li, P. H. Selle, and S. Y. Liu. 2018. “Responses in Digestibilities of Macro-minerals, Trace Minerals and Amino Acids Generated by Exogenous Phytase and Xylanase in Canola Meal Diets Offered to Broiler Chickens.” Animal Feed Science and Technology 240: 22–30. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2018.03.011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moss, A. M., P. V. Chrystal, Y. Dersjant-Li, P. H. Selle, and S. Y. Liu. 2019. “The Influence of Phytase, Pre-pellet Cracked Maize and Dietary Crude Protein Level on Broiler Performance via Response Surface Methodology.” Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 10 (1): 80. doi:10.1186/s40104-019-0385-y.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mtei, A. W., M. R. Abdollahi, N. M. Schreurs, C. K. Girish, and V. Ravindran. 2019. “Dietary Inclusion of Fibrous Ingredients and Bird Type Influence Apparent Ileal Digestibility of Nutrients and Energy Utilization.” Poultry Science 98 (12): 6702–6712. doi:10.3382/ps/pez383.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mutucumarana, R. K., and V. Ravindran. 2016. “Measurement of True Ileal Phosphorus Digestibility in Meat and Bone Meal for Broiler Chickens Using the Direct Method.” Animal Feed Science and Technology 219: 249–256. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.06.025.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mutucumarana, R. K., V. Ravindran, G. Ravindran, and A. J. Cowieson. 2014a. “Influence of Dietary Calcium Concentration on the Digestion of Nutrients along the Intestinal Tract of Broiler Chickens.” Journal of Poultry Science 51 (4): 392–401. doi:10.2141/jpsa.0140022.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mutucumarana, R. K., V. Ravindran, G. Ravindran, and A. J. Cowieson. 2014b. “Measurement of True Ileal Digestibility and Total Tract Retention of Phosphorous in Corn and Canola Meal for Broiler Chickens.” Poultry Science 93 (2): 412–419. doi:10.3382/ps.2013-03419.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mutucumarana, R. K., V. Ravindran, G. Ravindran, and A. J. Cowieson. 2014c. “Measurement of True Ileal Digestibility of Phosphorous in Some Feed Ingredients for Broiler Chickens.” Journal of Animal Science 92 (12): 5520–5529. doi:10.2527/jas.2014-7884.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mutucumarana, R. K., V. Ravindran, G. Ravindran, and A. J. Cowieson. 2015a. “Measurement of True Ileal Phosphorous Digestibility in Maize and Soybean Meal for Broiler Chickens: Comparison of Two Methodologies.” Animal Feed Science and Technology 206: 76–86. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.05.011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mutucumarana, R. K., V. Ravindran, G. Ravindran, and A. J. Cowieson. 2015b. “Measurement of True Ileal Phosphorous Digestibility in Meat and Bone Meal for Broiler Chickens.” Poultry Science 94 (7): 1611–1618. doi:10.3382/ps/pev132.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• NRC, National Research Council. 1994. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th rev. ed. Washington, DC: National Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• NRC, National Research Council. 2012. Nutrient Requirements of Swine. 11th rev. ed. Washington, DC: National Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ravindran, V., A. J. Cowieson, and P. H. Selle. 2008. “Influence of Dietary Electrolyte Balance and Microbial Phytase on Growth Performance, Nutrient Utilisation, and Excreta Quality of Broiler Chickens.” Poultry Science 87 (4): 677–688. doi:10.3382/ps.2007-00247.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ravindran, V., Hew, L. I., Ravindran, G., and Bryden, W. L. 2005. “Apparent Ileal Digestibility of Amino Acids in Feed Ingredients for Broiler Chickens”. Animal Science, 81:85–97. doi:10.1079/ASC42240085.
   Google Scholar
• Ravindran, V., L. I. Hew, G. Ravindran, and W. L. Bryden. 1999. “A Comparison of Ileal Digesta and Excreta Analysis for the Determination of Amino Acid Digestibility in Food Ingredients for Poultry.” British Poultry Science 40 (2): 266–274. doi:10.1080/00071669987692.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ravindran, V., M. R. Abdollahi, and S. M. Bootwalla. 2014. “Nutrient Analysis, Metabolizable Energy and Digestible Amino Acids of Soybean Meals of Different Origin for Broilers.” Poultry Science 93 (10): 2567–2577. doi:10.3382/ps.2014-04068.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ravindran, V., P. C. Morel, G. G. Partridge, M. Hruby, and J. S. Sands. 2006. “Influence of an Escherichia Coli-derived Phytase on Nutrient Utilisation in Broiler Starters Fed Diets Containing Varying Concentrations of Phytic Acid.” Poultry Science 85 (1): 82–89. doi:10.1093/ps/85.1.82.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ravindran, V., W. L. Bryden, and E. T. Kornegay. 1995. “Phytates: Occurrence, Bioavailability and Implications in Poultry Nutrition.” Poultry and Avian Biology Reviews 6: 125–143.
   Google Scholar
• SAS Institute Inc. 2019. System Requirements for SAS® 9.4 Foundation for Microsoft Windows for X64. Cary, NC: SAS Institute.
   Google Scholar
• Sebastian, S., S. P. Touchburn, E. R. Chavez, and P. C. Lague. 1996. “Efficacy of Supplemental Microbial Phytase at Different Dietary Calcium Levels on Growth Performance and Mineral Utilisation of Broiler Chickens.” Poultry Science 75 (12): 1516–1523. doi:10.3382/ps.0751516.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Selle, P. H., and V. Ravindran. 2007. “Microbial Phytase in Poultry Nutrition.” Animal Feed Science and Technology 135 (1–2): 1–41. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2006.06.010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Selle, P. H., V. Ravindran, and G. G. Partridge. 2009. “Beneficial Effects of Xylanase And/or Phytase Inclusions on Ileal Amino Acid Digestibility, Energy Utilisation, Mineral Retention and Growth Performance in Wheat-based Broiler Diets.” Animal Feed Science and Technology 153 (3–4): 303–313. doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2009.06.011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Selle, P. H., V. Ravindran, R. A. Caldwell, and W. L. Bryden. 2000. “Phytate and Phytase: Consequences for Protein Utilisation.” Nutrition Research Reviews 13 (2): 255–278. doi:10.1079/095442200108729098.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shirley, R. B., and H. M. Edwards Jr. 2003. “Graded Levels of Phytase past Industry Standards Improves Broiler Performance.” Poultry Science 82 (4): 671–680. doi:10.1093/ps/82.4.671.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Short, F. J., Gorton, P., Wiseman, J., and Boorman, K. N. 1996. “Determination of Titanium Dioxide Added as An Inert Marker in Chicken Digestibility Studies.” Animal Feed Science and Technology 59: 215–221. doi:10.1016/0377-8401(95)00916-7
   Google Scholar
• Sommerfeld, V., M. Schollenberger, I. Kühn, and M. Rodehutscord. 2018. “Interactive Effects of Phosphorus, Calcium, and Phytase Supplements on Products of Phytate Degradation in the Digestive Tract of Broiler Chickens.” Poultry Science 97 (4): 1177–1188. doi:10.3382/ps/pex404.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Svihus, B. 2011. “The Gizzard: Function, Influence of Diet Structure and Effects on Nutrient Availability.” World’s Poultry Science Journal 67 (2): 207–223. doi:10.1017/S0043933911000249.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tamim, N. M., R. Angel, and M. Christman. 2004. “Influence of Dietary Calcium and Phytase on Phytate Phosphorus Hydrolysis in Broiler Chickens.” Poultry Science 83 (8): 1358–1367. doi:10.1093/ps/83.8.1358.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walk, C. L., E. K. Addo-Chidie, M. R. Bedford, and O. Adeola. 2012b. “Evaluation of a Highly Soluble Calcium Source and Phytase in the Diets of Broiler Chickens.” Poultry Science 91 (9): 2255–2263. doi:10.3382/ps.2012-02224.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walk, C. L., M. R. Bedford, and A. P. McElroy. 2012a. “Influence of Limestone and Phytase on Broiler Performance, Gastrointestinal pH, and Apparent Ileal Nutrient Digestibility.” Poultry Science 91 (6): 1371–1378. doi:10.3382/ps.2011-01928.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wickramasuriya, S. S., Y. Yi, J. Yoo, N. K. Kang, and J. M. Jung Min Heo. 2015. “A Review of Canola Meal as an Alternative Feed Ingredient for Ducks.” Journal of Animal Science and Technology 57 (1): 29. doi:10.1186/s40781-015-0062-4.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zeller, E., M. Schollenberger, M. Witzig, Y. Shastak, I. Kühn, L. E. Hoelzle, and M. Rodehutscord. 2015. “Interactions between Supplemented Mineral Phosphorus and Phytase on Phytate Hydrolysis and Inositol Phosphates in the Small Intestine of Broilers.” Poultry Science 94 (5): 1018–1029. doi:10.3382/ps/pev087.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar