References
- Abdullah, A. Y., N. A. Al-Beitawi, M. M. S. Rjoup, R. I. Qudsieh, and M. A. A. Ishmais. 2010. “Growth Performance, Carcass and Meat Quality Characteristics of Different Commercial Crosses of Broiler Strains of Chicken.” Journal of Poultry Science 47 (1): 13–21. doi:https://doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.009021.
- Al-Musawi, S. L., F. Lock, B. H. Simbi., S. A. M. Bayol, and N. C. Stickland. 2011. “Muscle Specific Differences in the Regulation of Myogenic Differentiation in Chickens Genetically Selected for Divergent Growth Rates.” Differentiation 82 (3): 127–135. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diff.2011.05.012.
- Al-Zghoul, M. B., M. Q. Al-Natour, A. S. Dalab, O. Alturki, T. Althnaian, S. Y. Al-Ramadan, K. M. Hannon, and S. M. El-Bahr. 2016. “Thermal Manipulation Mid-term Broiler Chicken Embryogenesis: Effect on Muscle Growth Factors and Muscle Marker Genes.” Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science 18 (4): 607–618. doi:https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2016-0260.
- Arsic, N., S. Zacchigna, L. Zentilin, G. Ramirez-Correa, L. Pattarini, A. Salvi, G. Sinagra, and M. Giacca. 2004. “Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Stimulates Skeletal Muscle Regeneration in Vivo.” Molecular Therapy 10 (5): 844–854. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymthe.2004.08.007.
- Attia, Y. A., M. A. Al-Harthi, and A. S. H. Elnaggar. 2018. “Productive, Physiological and Immunological Responses of Two Broiler Strains Fed Different Dietary Regimens and Exposed to Heat Stress.” Italian Journal of Animal Science 17 (3): 686–697. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2017.1416961.
- Awad, E. A., M. Najaa, Z. A. Zulaikha, I. Zulkifli, and A. F. Soleimani. 2020. “Effects of Heat Stress on Growth Performance, Selected Physiological and Immunological Parameters, Caecal Microflora, and Meat Quality in Two Broiler Strains.” Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science 33 (5): 778–787. doi:https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.19.0208.
- Awad, W. A., K. Ghareeb, A. Dadak, M. Hess, and J. Böhm. 2014. “Single and Combined Effects of Deoxynivalenol Mycotoxin and a Microbial Feed Additive on Lymphocyte DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress in Broiler Chickens.” PLoS ONE 9 (1): e88028. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0088028.
- Baxter, M. F. A., J. D. Latorre, S. Dridi, R. Merino-Guzman, X. Hernandez-Velasco, B. M. Hargis, and G. Tellez-Isaias. 2019. “Identification of Serum Biomarkers for Intestinal Integrity in a Broiler Chicken Malabsorption Model.” Frontiers in Veterinary Science 6: 144. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2019.00144.
- Berkes, C. A., and S. J. Tapscott. 2005. “MyoD and the Transcriptional Control of Myogenesis.” Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology 16 (4–5): 585–595. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcdb.2005.07.006.
- Chal, J., and O. Pourquié. 2017. “Making Muscle: Skeletal Myogenesis in Vivo and in Vitro.” Development 144 (12): 2104–2122. doi:https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.151035.
- Clark, D. L., K. G. Walter, and S. G. Velleman. 2017. “Incubation Temperature and Time of Hatch Impact Broiler Muscle Growth and Morphology.” Poultry Science 96 (11): 4085–4095. doi:https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pex202.
- Collin, A., C. Berri, S. Tesseraud, F. Rodón, S. Requena, S. Skiba-Cassy, S. Crochet, et al. 2007. “Effects of Thermal Manipulation during Early and Late Embryogenesis on Thermotolerance and Breast Muscle Characteristics in Broiler Chickens.” Poultry Science 86 (5): 795–800. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/86.5.795.
- Collin, A., M. Picard, and S. Yahav. 2005. “The Effect of Duration of Thermal Manipulation during Broiler Chick Embryogenesis on Body Weight and Body Temperature of Post-Hatched Chicks.” Animal Research 54 (2): 105–111. doi:https://doi.org/10.1051/animres:2005004.
- Darras, V. M., S. van der Geyten, and E. R. Kühn. 2000. “Thyroid Hormone Metabolism in Poultry.” Biotechnology, Agronomy and Society and Environment 4 (1): 13–20.
- Del Vesco, A. P., E. Gasparino, A. R. Oliveira Neto, S. E. F. Guimaraes, S. M. M. Marcato, and D. M. Voltolini. 2013. “Dietary Methionine Effects on IGF-I and GHR mRNA Expression in Broilers.” Genetics and Molecular Research 12 (4): 6414–6423. doi:https://doi.org/10.4238/2013.December.10.2.
- Druyan, S. 2010. “The Effects of Genetic Line (Broiler Vs. Layers) on Embryonic Development.” Poulty Science 89 (7): 1457–1467. doi:https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2009-00304.
- Ferrara, N. 2001. “Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Regulation of Physiological Angiogenesis.” American Journal of Physiology, Cell Physiology 280: C1358–C1366. doi:https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.2001.280.6.C1358.
- Haigh, J. J. 2008. “Role of VEGF in Organogenesis.” Organogenesis 4 (4): 247–256. doi:https://doi.org/10.4161/org.4.4.7415.
- Halevy, O., S. Yahav, and I. Rozenboim. 2006. “Enhancement of Meat Production by Environmental Manipulations in Embryo and Young Broilers.” World’s Poultry Science Journal 62 (3): 485–497. doi:https://doi.org/10.17/S0043933906001103.
- Hamidu, J. A., G. M. Fasenko, J. R. Feddes, E. E. O’Dea, C. A. Ouellette, M. J. Wineland, and V. L. Christensen. 2007. “The Effect of Broiler Breeder Genetic Strain and Parent Flock Age on Eggshell Conductance and Embryonic Metabolism.” Poultry Science 86 (11): 2420–2432. doi:https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2007-00265.
- Hammond, C. L., B. H. Simbi, and N. C. Stickland. 2007. “In Ovo Temperature Manipulation Influences Embryonic Motility and Growth of Limb Tissues in the Chick (Gallus Gallus).” Journal of Experimental Biology 210: 2667–2675. doi:https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.005751.
- Hotowy, A., E. Sawosz, L. Pineda, F. Sawosz, M. Grodzik, and A. Chwalibog. 2012. “Silver Nanoparticles Administered to Chicken Affect VEGFA and FGF2 Gene Expression in Breast Muscle and Heart.” Nanoscale Research Letters 7: 418. doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/1556-276X-7-418.
- Janisch, S., A. R. Sharifi, M. Wicke, and C. Krischek. 2015. “Changing the Incubation Temperature during Embryonic Myogenesis Influences the Weight, Performance and Meat Quality of Male and Female Broilers.” Poultry Science 94 (10): 2581–2588. doi:https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pev239.
- Jawasreh, K., S. A. Athamneh, M. B. Al-Zghoul, A. A. Amareen, I. AlSukhni, and P. Aad. 2019. “Evaluation of Growth Performance and Muscle Marker Genes Expression in Four Different Broiler Strains in Jordan.” Italian Journal of Animal Science 18 (1): 766–776. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1828051X.2019.1573647.
- Krischek, C., J. S. Anisch, W. Naraballobh, R. Brunner, K. Wimmers, and M. Wicke. 2016. “Altered Incubation Temperatures between Embryonic Days 7 and 13 Influence the Weights and the Mitochondrial Respiratory and Enzyme Activities in Breast and Leg Muscles of Broiler Embryos.” Molecular Reproduction & Development 83 (1): 71–78. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/mrd.22596.
- Krischek, C., M. Gerken, and M. Wick. 2013. “Effects of a Higher Incubation Temperature Between Embryonic Day 9 and 12 on Growth and Meat Quality Characteristics of Turkeys.” British Poultry Science 54 (1): 5–11. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2013.763901.
- Lin, H., E. Decuypere, and J. Buyse. 2004. “Oxidative Stress Induced by Corticosterone Administration in Broiler Chickens (Gallus Gallus Domesticus) 2. Short-term Effect.” Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part B 139 (4): 745–751. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpc.2004.09.014.
- Lopez, K. P., M. W. Schilling, and A. Corzo. 2011. “Broiler Genetic Stain Abd Sex Effect on Meat Characteristics.” Poultry Science 90 (5): 1105–1111. doi:https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.210-01154.
- Maltby, V., A. Somaiya, N. A. French, and N. C. Stickland. 2004. “In Ova Temperature Manipulation Influences Post-Hatch Muscle Growth in the Turkey.” British Poultry Science 45 (4): 491–498. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00071660412331286190.
- March, B. E. 1984. “Plasma Triglyceride and Glucose Clearance in Broiler-Type and White Leghorn Chickens with Different Degrees of Adiposity.” Poultry Science 63 (8): 1586–1593. doi:https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.0631586.
- Miller, J. B., and F. E. Stockdale. 1986. “Developmental Regulation of the Multiple Myogenic Cell Lineages of the Avian Embryo.” Journal of Cell Biology 103 (6): 2197–2208. doi:https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.103.6.2197.
- Piestun, Y., M. Harel, M. Barak, S. Yahav, and O. Halevy. 2009. “Thermal Manipulations in Late-Term Chick Embryos Have Immediate and Longer Term Effects on Myoblast Proliferation and Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy.” Journal of Apply Physiology 106 (1): 233–240. doi:https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.91090.2008.
- Piestun, Y., S. Yahav, and O. Halevy. 2015. “Thermal Manipulation during Embryogenesis Affects Myoblast Proliferation and Skeletal Muscle Growth in Meat-Type Chickens.” Poultry Science 94 (10): 2528–2536. doi:https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pev245.
- Remignon, H., M. F. Gardahaut, G. Marche, and F. H. Ricard. 1995. “Selection for Rapid Growth Increases the Number and the Size of Muscle Fibres without Changing Their Typing in Chickens.” Journal of Muscle Research and Cell Motility 16 (2): 95–102. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00122527.
- SAS Institute. 2002. “JMP User’s Guide Statistics Version 5.0.1 Edition.” Cary, NC, SAS Institute.
- Te Pas, M. F. W., and A. Soumillion. 2001. “Improvement of Livestock Breeding Strategies Using Physiologic and Functional Genomic Information of the Muscle Regulatory Factors Gene Family for Skeletal Muscle Development.” Current Genomics 2 (3): 285–304.
- Tona, K., O. Onagbesan, V. Bruggeman, A. Collin, C. Berri, M. J. Duclos, S. Tesseraud, J. Buyse, E. Decuypere, and S. Yahav. 2008. “Effects of Heat Conditioning at D 16 to 18 of Incubation or during Early Broiler Rearing on Embryo Physiology, Post-Hatch Growth Performance and Heat Tolerance.” Archiev für Geflügelkunde 72 (2): 75–83.
- Tona, K., O. M. Onagbesan, B. Kamers, N. Eveaert, V. Bruggeman, and E. Decuypere. 2010. “Comparison of Cobb and Ross Strains in Embryo Physiology and Chick Juvenile Growth.” Poultry Science 89 (8): 1677–1683. doi:https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2009-00386.
- Uchiyama, M., and M. Mihara. 1978. “Determination of Malonaldehyde Precursor in Tissues by Thiobarbituric Acid Test.” Analytical Biochemistry 86 (1): 271–278. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(78)90342-1.
- Werner, C., C. Wecke, and F. L. Wicke. 2010. “Increasing the Incubation Temperature between Embryonic Day 7 and 10 Has No Influence on the Growth and Slaughter Characteristics as Well as Meat Quality of Broilers.” Animal 4 (5): 810–816. doi:https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731109991698.
- Willemsen, H., Y. Li, E. Willems, L. Franssens, Y. Wang, E. Decuypere, and N. Everaert. 2011. “Intermittent Thermal Manipulations of Broiler Embryos during Late Incubation and Their Immediate Effect on the Embryonic Development and Hatching Process.” Poultry Science 90 (6): 1302–1312. doi:https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2011-01390.
- Yahav, S., A. Collin, A. D. Shinder, and M. Picard. 2005. “Thermal Manipulations during Broiler Chick Embryogenesis: Effects of Timing and Temperature.” Poultry Science 83 (12): 1959–1963. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/ps/83.12.1959.
- Yahav, S., R. Sasson Rat, and D. Shinder. 2004. “The Effect of Thermal Manipulations during Embryogenesis of Broiler Chicks (Gallus Domesticus) on Hatchability, Body Weight and Thermoregulation after Hatch.” Journal of Thermal Biology 29 (4–5): 245–250. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2004.03.002.
- Yalcin, S., A. Önenç, S. Özkan, H. C. Güler, and P. B. Siegel. 2005. “Meat Quality of Heat Stressed Broilers: Effects of Thermal Conditioning at Pre- and -postnatal Stages”. XVII th European Symposium on the Quality of Poultry Meat Doorwerth, 23-26 May, The Netherlands.
- Yalcin, S., E. Babacanoglu, H. C. Guler, and M. Aksit. 2010. “Effects of Incubation Temperature on Hatching and Carcass Performance of Broilers.” World’s Poultry Science Journal 66 (1): 87–94. doi:https://doi.org/10.1017/S0043933910000097.
- Yalcin, S., M. Cabuk, V. Bruggeman, E. Babacanoglu, J. Buyse, E. Decuypere, and P. B. Siegel. 2008. “Acclimation to Heat during Incubation. 1. Embryonic Morphological Traits, Blood Biochemistry, and Hatching Performance.” Poultry Science 87 (6): 1219–1228. doi:https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2007-00435.
- Yalcin, S., N. Bağdatlıoğlu, Ç. Yenisey, P. B. Siegel, S. Özkan, and M. Akşit. 2012. “Effect of Manipulation of Incubation Temperature on Fatty Acid Profiles and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Meat-Type Chicken Embryos”. Poultry Science 91 (12): 3260–3270. doi:https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2012-02145.
- Yin, H., S. Zhang, E. R. Gilbert, P. B. Siegel, Q. Zhu, and E. A. Wong. 2014. “Expression Profiles of Muscle Genes in Postnatal Skeletal Muscle in Lines of Chickens Divergently Selected for High and Low Body Weight.” Poultry Science 93 (1): 147–154. doi:https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2013-03612.
- Yu, M., H. Wang, Y. Xu, D. Yu, D. Li, X. Liu, and W. Du. 2015. “Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-I) Promotes Myoblast Proliferation and Skeletal Muscle Growth of Embryonic Chickens via the PI3K/Akt Signalling Pathway.” Cell Biology International 39 (8): 910–922. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/cbin.10466.