Whitening of brown shelled eggs: Individual variation and relationships with age, fearfulness, oviposition interval and stress

References

• Ball , R.F. , Hill , R.J. and Wyatt , A.J. 1974 . The nature and probable cause of rough egg shells laid by two lines of White Leghorns . Poultry Science , 52 : 500 – 506 .
   Google Scholar
• Dantzer , R. and Mormede , P. 1983 . Stress in farm animals: a need for re‐evaluation . Journal of Animal Science , 57 : 6 – 18 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hughes , B.O. and Black , A.J. 1975 . The influence of handling on egg production, egg shell quality and avoidance behaviour of hens . British Poultry Science , 17 : 135 – 144 .
   Google Scholar
• Hughes , B.O. and Gilbert , A.B. 1984 . Induction of egg shell abnormalities in domestic fowls by injection of adrenaline . IRCS Medical Science , 12 : 969 – 970 .
   Google Scholar
• Hughes , B.O. , Gilbert , A.B. and Brown , M.F. 1986 . Categorisation and causes of abnormal egg shells . British Poultry Science , 27 : 325 – 327 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• I.N.R.A. 1984 . L'alimentation des Animaux Monogastriques: Porc, Lapin, Volailles , Paris : Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique .
   Google Scholar
• Jones , R.B. 1985a . Fearfulness of hens caged individually or in groups in different tiers of a battery and the effects of translocation between tiers . British Poultry Science , 26 : 399 – 408 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones , R.B. 1985b . Fearfulness and adaptability in the domestic fowl . IRCS Medical Science , 13 : 797 – 800 .
   Google Scholar
• Jones , R.B. 1987 . “ Social and environmental aspects of fear in the domestic fowl ” . In Cognitive Aspects of Social Behaviour in Domestic Fowl , Edited by: Zayan , R. and Duncan , I.J.H. 82 – 144 . Amsterdam : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Jones , R.B. and Hughes , B.O. . Fearfulness and abnormalities in the chicken's egg shell—is there a link . Proceedings of the International symposium on Applied Ethology in Farm Animals . Baltonfured, Hungary. pp. 171 – 175 . Hungarian Society of Agricultural Sciences .
   Google Scholar
• Lacassagne , L. and Mongin , P. 1965 . Maturité sexuelle et qualité de la coquille de l'oeuf . Annales de Zootechnie , 14 : 327 – 334 .
   Google Scholar
• Meddis , R. 1984 . Statistics Using Ranks: A Unified Approach , Oxford : Basil Blackwell Publishers Ltd. .
   Google Scholar
• Mills , A.D. , Marche , M. and Faure , J.M. 1987a . Extraneous egg shell calcification as a measure of stress in poultry . British Poultry Science , 28 : 177 – 181 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mills , A.D. , Faure , J.M. , Picard , M. and Marche , M. 1987b . Reflectrometry of wet and dry eggs as a measure of extraneous egg shell calcification . Medical Science Research , 15 : 705 – 706 .
   Google Scholar
• Nys , Y. , Zawadski , J. , Gautron , J. and Mills , A.D. in press . Whitening of brown shelled eggs. Mineral composition of uterine fluid and rate of protoporphyrin deposition . Poultry Science ,
   Google Scholar
• Polkinghorne , R.W. 1983 . Factors affecting egg shell colour in crosses between Australorp and Rhode Island Red chickens . Australian Journal of Agriculture Research , 34 : 593 – 597 .
   Google Scholar
• Roland , D.A. 1977 . The extent of uncollected eggs due to inadequate shell . Poultry Science , 56 : 1517 – 1521 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siegel , S. 1956 . Nonparametric Statistics: for the Behavioral Sciences , international student edn , Tokyo : McGraw‐Hill Kogakusha Ltd. .
   Google Scholar
• Solomon , S.E. , Hughes , B.O. and Gilbert , A.B. 1987 . Effect of a single injection of adrenaline on shall ultrastructure in a series of eggs from domestic hens . British Poultry Science , 28 : 585 – 588 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Steggerda , M. and Hollander , W.F. 1944 . Observations on certain shell variations of hens’ eggs . Poultry Science , 23 : 459 – 461 .
   Google Scholar
• Sykes , A.H. 1959 . The effect of adrenaline on oviduct motility and egg production in the fowl . Poultry Science , 34 : 622 – 628 .
   Google Scholar
• Tyler , C. and Simkiss , K. 1959 . Studies on egg shells. XI. Some abnormalities . Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture , 7 : 362 – 366 .
   Google Scholar
• Weiss , H.S. and Sturkie , P.D. 1952 . Time of oviposition as affected by neuro‐mimetic drugs . Poultry Science , 31 : 227 – 231 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar