References
- Eyal‐Giladi , H. and Kochav , S. 1976 . From cleavage to primitive streak formation: A complementary normal table and a new look at the first stages of the development of the chick. 1. General morphology. . Developmental Biology, , 49 : 321 – 327 .
- Fasenko , G.M. , Armstrong , J. , Church , J.S. , Robinson , F.E. , Hardin , R.T. and Petitte , J.N. 1991 . Variability in preincubation embryo development in domestic fowl. 1. Effects of nest holding time and method of egg storage. . Poultry Science, , 70 : 1876 – 1886 .
- Gowe , R.S. 1950 . Techniques for identifying fertile hens’ eggs. . Poultry Science, , 29 : 409 – 413 .
- Hamburger , V. and Hamilton , H.L. 1951 . A series of normal stages in the development of the chick embryo. . Journal of Morphology, , 88 : 49 – 92 .
- Hermes , J.C. 1988 . Hatchability, type and distribution of embryo abnormalities and karyotype as affected by length of pre‐incubation storage , Davis : University of California . PhD Thesis
- Jones , R. 1986 . Improve hatchability . Canada Poultryman, , May : 20 23
- Keddy , P.R.K. and Siegel , P.B. 1977 . Chromosomal abnormalities in chickens selected for high and low body weight. . Journal of Heredity, , 63 : 253 – 256 .
- Kosin , I.L. 1944 . Macro‐ and microscopic methods of detecting fertility in unincubated hen's eggs. . Poultry Science, , 23 : 266 – 269 .
- Mauldin , J.M. 1990 . A six year history of reproductive performance in Georgia broiler hatcheries. . International Hatchery Practice, , : 13 15 17
- McDaniel , G.R. 1990 . Hatchability: many factors affect results . Poultry Digest, , : 20 22 30
- Olsen , M.W. and Marsden , S.J. 1950 . Variability among turkey embryos at twenty‐four hours of incubation with respect to hatchability. . Poultry Science, , 29 : 414 – 419 .
- Proudfoot , F.G. and Hulan , H.W. 1982 . Hatchability of stored chicken eggs as affected by daily turning during storage and prewarming and vacuuming eggs enclosed in plastic with nitrogen. . Canadian Journal of Animal Science, , 46 : 47 – 50 .
- Robinson , F.E. , Hardin , R.T. , Robinson , N.A. and Williams , B.J. 1991 . The influence of egg sequence position on fertility, embryo viability, and embryo weight in broiler breeders. . Poultry Science, , 70 : 670 – 675 .
- Sas Institute . 1985 . SAS® User's Guide. , Cary, NC : SAS Institute, Inc. .
- Savage , T.F. , De Frank , M.P. and Brean , S.E. 1988 . Blood ring: An early embryonic lethal condition in chickens. . Journal of Heredity, , 79 : 124 – 128 .
- Scott , T.A. , Swetnam , C.M. and Kinsman , R. 1993 . Screening sanitizing agents and methods of applications for hatching eggs. III. Effect of concentration and exposure time on embryo viability. . Journal of Applied Poultry Research, , 2 : 12 – 18 .
- Shanawany , M.M. 1990 . Reproductive performance of broiler breeders under ahemeral light cycles. . Archiv für Geflüngelkunde, , 54 : 111 – 114 .
- Thompson , J.N. , McHowell , J. , Pitt , G.A. and McLaughlin , C.I. 1969 . The biological activity of retinoic acid in the domestic fowl and the effects of vitamin A deficiency on the chick embryo. . British Journal of Nutrition, , 23 : 471 – 498 .
- Thorne , M.H. , Collins , R.K. and Sheldon , B.L. 1991 . Chromosome analysis of early embryonic mortality in layer and broiler chickens. . British Poultry Science, , 32 : 711 – 722 .
- Tullett , S.G. 1990 . Science and art of incubation. . Poultry Science, , 69 : 1 – 15 .
- Vagt , A. , Saar , W. , Pingel , H. and Schneider , K. 1988 . Comparison of the incidence of chromosomalaberrations during early embryonal development in light and heavy lines of Peking ducks . (Anas platyrhynchos). Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Karl‐Marx‐Unicersitat Zu Leipzig, Mathematiseh‐Naturwissenschafeliche Reihe, , 37 : 267 – 281 .
- Present address: PO Box 1000, Agriculture Canada Research Station, Agassiz, British Columbia, VOM IAO, Canada.