Effects of amino acid balance and energy: Protein ratio on energy and nitrogen metabolism in male broiler chickens

References

• Abebe , S. and Morris , T.R. 1990 . Note on the effects of protein concentration on responses to dietary lysine by chicks . British Poultry Science , 31 : 255 – 260 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baldini , J.T. 1961 . The effect of dietary deficiency on the energy metabolism of the chick . Poultry Science , 40 : 1177 – 1183 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Batterham , E.S. 1985 . “ Amino acid availability in pig diets with special reference to natural proteins and synthetic amino acids ” . In Recent Developments in Pig Nutrition , Edited by: Haresign , W. and Cole , D.J.A. 97 – 107 . London : Butterworths .
   Google Scholar
• Boorman , K.N. and Ems , G.M. 1996 . The maximum nutritional response to poor‐quality protein and amino acid utilisation . British Poultry Science , 37 : 145 – 156 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buyse , J. , Decuypere , E. , Berghman , L. , Kuhn , E.R. and Vandes‐Ande , F. 1992 . Effect of dietary protein content on episodic growth hormone secretion and on heat production of male broiler chickens . British Poultry Science , 33 : 1101 – 1109 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coyer , P.A. , Rivers , J.P.W. and Millward , D.J. 1987 . The effect of dietary protein and energy restriction on heat production and growth costs in the young rat . British Journal of Nutrition , 58 : 73 – 85 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deschepper , K. and De Groote , G. 1995 . Effect of dietary protein, essential and non‐essential amino acids on performance and carcass composition of male broiler chicks . British Poultry Science , 36 : 229 – 245 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• D'Mello , J.P.F. 1993 . Amino acid supplementation of cereal‐based diets for non‐ruminants . Animal Feed Science and Technology , 45 : 1 – 18 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farrell , D.J. The influence of protein and amino acid balance in the diet of chickens on efficiency of utilisation of dietary energy . Proceedings of the 7th EAAP Symposium on the Energy Metabolism of Farm Animals Vichy, France . Clermont‐Ferrand. Edited by: Vermorel , M. pp. 97 – 100 . Guy de Bussac .
   Google Scholar
• Guillaume , J. and Summers , J.D. 1970 . Influence of amino acid excess on energy utilisation in the growing chick . Canadian Journal of Animal Science , 50 : 355 – 362 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lundy , H. , MacLeod , M.G. and Jewitt , T.R. 1978 . An automated multi‐calorimeter system: preliminary experiments on laying hens . British Poultry Science , 19 : 173 – 186 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macleod , M.G. 1990 . Energy and nitrogen intake, expenditure and retention at 20°C in growing fowl given diets with a wide range of energy and protein contents . British Journal of Nutrition , 64 : 625 – 637 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacLeod , M.G. 1991 . Fat deposition and heat production as responses to surplus dietary energy in fowls given a wide range of metabolisable energy.protein ratios . British Poultry Science , 32 : 1097 – 1108 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MacLeod , M.G. 1992 . Energy and nitrogen intake, expenditure and retention at 32°C in growing fowl given diets with a wide range of energy and protein contents . British Journal of Nutrition , 67 : 195 – 206 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maceod , M.G. , Lundy , H. and Jewitt , T.R. 1985 . Heat production by the mature male turkey (Meleagris gallopavo): preliminary measurements in an automated indirect open‐circuit multi‐calorimeter system . British Poultry Science , 26 : 325 – 333 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• MacLeod , M.G. and Jewitt , T.R. 1988 . Maintenance energy requirements of laying hens: a comparison of measurements made by two methods based on indirect calorimetry . British Poultry Science , 29 : 63 – 74 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mcnab , J.M. and Blair , J.C. 1988 . Modified assay for true and apparent metabolisable energy based on tube feeding . British Poultry Science , 29 : 697 – 707 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris , T.R. , Al‐Azzawi , K. , Gous , R.M. and Simpson , G.L. 1987 . Effects of protein concentration on responses to dietary lysine by chicks . British Poultry Science , 28 : 185 – 195 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okumura , J. and Mori , S. 1979 . Effects of deficiencies of single amino acids on nitrogen and energy utilisation in chicks . British Poultry Science , 20 : 421 – 429 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rothwell , N.J. and Stock , M.J. 1982 . Energy expenditure of “cafeteria"‐fed rats determined from measurements of energy balance and indirect calorimetry . Journal of Physiology , 328 : 371 – 377 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schulz , A.R. 1978 . Simulation of energy metabolism in the simple‐stomached animal . British Journal of Nutrition , 39 : 235 – 254 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sibbald , I.R. 1976 . A bioassay for true metabolizable energy in feedingstuffs . Poultry Science , 55 : 303 – 308 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sugahara , K. , Kubo , T. and Tasaki , I. 1985 . Involvement of feed intake in the decreased energy retention in chicks fed an arginine‐deficient diet . Japanese Poultry Science , 22 : 45 – 54 .
   Google Scholar
• Sugahara , K. and Kubo , T. 1992 . Effects of dietary tryptophan level and food intake on energy utilization by male growing chicks . Asian‐Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences , 5 : 647 – 651 .
   Google Scholar
• Tasaki , I. , Okumura , J. , Ishimoto , Y. and Katsu , K. Effects of lysine deficiency on energy utilisation in growing chicks . Proceedings of the 14th World's Poultry Congress . Madrid. pp. 1133 – 1136 .
   Google Scholar
• Tasaki , I. , Sugahara , K. and Okumura , J. Effect of amino acid deficiency on energy and protein utilisation in growing chicks . Proceedings of the 7th EAAP Symposium on the Energy Metabolism of Farm Animals . Vichy, France. Edited by: Vermorel , M. pp. 101 – 104 . Clermont‐Ferrand Guy de Bussac
   Google Scholar
• Znaniecka , G. Calorific value of protein and fat of the chicken's body . Energy Metabolism of Farm Animals. Proceedings of the 4th EAAP Symposium . Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne. Edited by: Blaxter , K.L. , Kielanowski , J. and Thorbek , G. pp. 407 – 408 . Oriel .
   Google Scholar