References
- See for example Kate Fullbrook and Edward Fullbrook. Simone de Beauvoir and Jean-Paul Sartre, (New York: Basic Books, 1994).
- Ronald Hayman, Sartre, (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1987), p. 343.
- H.W. Wardman, Jean-Paul Sartre: The Evolution of His Thought and Art, (Lewiston, New York: The Edwin Mellen Press, 1992), p. 228.
- Jean-Paul Sartre, Situations, trans. Benita Eisler, (New York: George Braziller, Inc, 1965), p. 293.
- For a discussion of this see Rhiannon Goldthorpe, Sartre: Literature and Theory, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984), pp. 178–180.
- Sartre, Situations, p. 227.
- Sartre, Ibid., pp. 253, 255.
- Jean-Paul Sartre, “Merleau-Ponty (1)”, trans. William S. Hamrick, Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology, 15:2, May 1984, p. 129.
- Sartre, “Merleau-Ponty (1)”, p. 128.
- Jean-Paul Sartre, What Is Literature?, trans. Stephen Ungar, (Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1988), p. 31.
- Sartre, WIL?, pp. 31, 29, emphasis added.
- Perhaps a comparison could be made between Sartre's view of the poet's representational use of language in What Is Literature? and his later view of all of language. But I am not concerned here with this question, as Sartre divides the two types of writers irrevocably thus: “there is nothing in common between these two acts of writing…their universes are incommunicable”. (Sartre, WIL?, p. 34). And what is of relevance to the present discussion is his claim that the type and technique of writing which the prose writer uses can even be a possibility, since it describes a specific possible function of language which Merleau-Ponty denies, and which Sartre likewise will later come to deny.
- Sartre, WIL?, p. 29.
- Sartre, Ibid., p. 34.
- Sartre, Ibid., p. 35.
- Sartre, Ibid., p. 37.
- Sartre, Ibid., p. 37.
- Sartre, Ibid., p. 37.
- Sartre, Ibid., p. 34.
- Sartre, Ibid., p. 35.
- Sartre, Ibid., p. 29, emphasis added.
- Sartre, Ibid., p. 39.
- Jean-Paul Sartre, Between Existentialism and Marxism, trans. John Mathews, (New York: Pantheon Books, 1974), p. 270.
- Sartre, Between, p. 270, emphasis added.
- Sartre, Ibid., p. 272, emphasis added.
- Sartre, Ibid., p. 272.
- Sartre, WIL?, p. 38.
- Sartre, Ibid., p. 41.
- Sartre, Between, p. 237.
- Sartre, Ibid., p. 238.
- Sartre, Ibid., p. 244, emphasis added.
- Sartre, Ibid., pp. 274–275.
- Sartre, Ibid., p. 283, emphasis added.
- Sartre, Ibid., p. 276.
- Sartre, WIL?, p. 39.
- Sartre, Ibid., p. 39.
- Sartre, Between, p. 280.
- Sartre, Ibid., p. 277, emphasis added.
- Maurice Merleau-Ponty, “Indirect Language and the Voices of Silence”, Signs, trans. Richard C. McCleary, (Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press, 1964), p. 42, emphasis added.
- Merleau-Ponty, Ibid., p. 44.
- Merleau-Ponty, Ibid., p. 46.
- Merleau-Ponty, Ibid., p. 42.
- Sartre, Between, p. 279.
- Merleau-Ponty, Phenomenology, p. 43.
- Merleau-Ponty, Ibid., p. 46.
- Merleau-Ponty, Signs, p. 44.
- Sartre discusses silence briefly in What Is Literature? when he says that it “is defined in relationship to words”. (Sartre, WIL?, p. 38). This view is the opposite of his later view, wherein words are understood in relation to an underlying silence.
- Sartre, Between, p. 272.
- Maurice Merleau-Ponty, The Visible and the Invisible, trans. Alphonso Lingis, (Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press, 1968), p. 263.
- Merleau-Ponty, Signs, p. 76.
- Sartre, Between, p. 280.
- Sartre, Ibid., p. 274.
- Sartre, Ibid., p. 260.
- Merleau-Ponty, Signs, p. 53.
- Merleau-Ponty, Ibid., p. 56.
- Merleau-Ponty, “Cezanne's Doubt”, Sense and Non-Sense, trans. Hubert L. Dreyfus & Patricia Allen Dreyfus, (Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press, 1964), p. 20.
- Sartre, Between, p. 281.
Bibliography
- Fullbrook, Kate and Fullbrook, Edward, Simone de Beauvoir and Jean-Paul Sartre. (New York: Basic Books, 1994).
- Goldthorpe, Rhiannon, Sartre: Literature and Theory. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984).
- Hayman, Ronald, Sartre. (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1987).
- Howells, Christina, Sartre's Theory of Literature. (London: The Modern Humanities Research Association, 1979).
- Merleau-Ponty, Maurice, The Phenomenology of Perception. Trans. Colin Smith. (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1962).
- Merleau-Ponty, Maurice, Sense and Non-Sense. Trans. Hubert L. Dreyfus & Patricia Allen Dreyfus. (Evanston Illinois: Northwestern University Press, 1964).
- Merleau-Ponty, Maurice, Signs. Trans. Richard C. McCleary. (Evanston, Illinois: Northwestern University Press, 1964).
- Merleau-Ponty, Maurice, The Visible and the Invisible. Trans. Alphonso Lingis. (Evanston Illinois: Northwestern University Press, 1968).
- Ranwez, Alain, Jean-Paul Sartre's Les temps modernes. (Troy New York: The Whitston Publishing Company, 1981).
- Sartre, Jean-Paul, Between Existentialism and Marxism. Trans. John Mathews. (New York: Pantheon Books, 1974).
- Sartre, Jean-Paul, “Merleau-Ponty (1)”. Trans. William S. Hamrick. Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology, 15:2, May 1984.
- Sartre, Jean-Paul, Situations. Trans. Benita Eisler. (New York: George Braziller, Inc, 1965).
- Sartre, Jean-Paul, What Is Literature?. Trans. Stephen Ungar. (Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1988).
- Wardman, H.W., Jean-Paul Sartre: The Evolution of His Thought and Art. (Lewiston, New York: The Edwin Mellen Press, 1992).