Women and Other Monsters: Frankenstein and the Role of the Mother in El espíritu de la colmena

References

• Smith , Paul Julian . 1993 . Whispers and Rapture' . Sight and Sound , III ( 4 ) April : 28 – 29 . 29 This position coincides with Thomas Elsaesser's analysis of German silent cinema in
   Google Scholar
• Donald , James , ed. 1989 . “ 'SociaI Mobility and the Fantastic: German Silent Cinema' ” . In Fantasy and the Cinema , 23 – 38 . 23 London : BFI Publishing . Elsaesser argues that 'the fantastic both represents conflicts and disguises them, […] it raises the question of agency and at the same time attributes it to supernatural forces'. In his conclusion, he extends this politically ambivalent function of fantasy to the relationship between cinema and history, emphasizing the 'conservative' effect of the consumption of films on the spectator: 'the consumption of narratives and images intervenes to block or displace the contradictions of history into effects of disavowal and substitution' (37). This is opposed to the view taken in classic critical works on the period, like Siegfried Kracauer's From Caligari to Hitler
   Google Scholar
• 1989 . A Psychological Study of the German Film , Princeton : Princeton U. P. .
   Google Scholar
• 1981 . The Literature of Subversion , London : Methuen . Kracauer's book is an account of the social and political meaning that can be attached to narratives of fantasy and the socially subversive potential in such narratives. This radicalism of fantasy is, incidentally, also one of the central theses of some modern theories of the fantastic, particularly Rosemary Jackson's Fantasy; 90 ana passim.
   Google Scholar
• Berenstein , Rhona J. 1995 . “ 'Spectatorship as Drag: The Act of Viewing and Classical Horror Cinema' ” . In Viewing Positions: Ways of Seeing Film , Edited by: Williams , Linda . 231 – 69 . 262 New Brunswick : Rutgers U. P. .
   Google Scholar
• 1993 . 'Romper los moldes: implicaciones eatéticas e ideologicas de El espiritu de la colmena (1973)' . Journal of the Association for Contemporary Iberian Studies , VI ( 1 ) Spring : 25 – 31 . Teresa's centrality has been generally overlooked in the critical literature of the film. It is, for example, significant that her presence is never once mentioned in Rikki Morgan's recent analysis of the film's ideology
   Google Scholar
• 1984 . In The Story of Ana in El espiritu de la colmena' . BHS , LXI : 491 – 97 . 493 E. C. Riley briefly posits a link between Teresa and Ana in the centre of the film. This can be considered a partial exception to this critical silence
   Google Scholar
• Evans , Peter . 1982 . 'El esptritu de la colmena: The Monster, the Place of the Father, and Growing Up in the Dictatorship' . Vida Hispanica , Autumn : 15 – 16 .
   Google Scholar
• Kinder , Marsha . 1983 . The Children of Franco in the New Spanish Cinema' . Quarterly Review of Film Studies , VIII ( 2 ) Spring : 57 – 76 .
   Google Scholar
• Twitchell , James B. 1985 . Dreadful Pleasures: An Anatomy of Modern Horror , 167 Oxford/New York : Oxford U. P. .
   Google Scholar
• Marsha Kinder's analysis proposes a similar reading to mine although her focus and conclusions differ substantially (see Kinder, The Children of Franco', passim, especially 60).
   Google Scholar
• Freud , Sigmund . 1990 . “ Totem and Taboo' ” . In The Origins of Religion, The Penguin Freud Library 13 , Harmondsworth : Penguin .
   Google Scholar
• Laplanche , J. and Pontalis , J. B. 1973 . The Language of Psychoanalysis , 314 London : Hogarth Press .
   Google Scholar
• Smith . "Whispers and Rapture' ” . 28
   Google Scholar
• Erice's , Víctor . 1995 . "voluntad de estilo" . El espiritu de la colmena, Forum for Modern Language Studies , XXXI ( 1 ) : 74 – 83 . Xon de Ros has explained Teresa Gimpera's role in this scene through a reference to the actress' star persona, as signifying the film's artistic indebtedness to the nouvelle vague
   Google Scholar
• William , Linda . 1984 . “ 'When the Woman Looks' ” . In Re-Vision: Essays in Feminist Film Criticism , Edited by: Ann Doana , Mary , Mallaneamp , Patricia and Williams , Linda . 83 – 100 . 88 Los Angales : The American Film Institute .
   Google Scholar
• Williams, When the Woman Looks', 90.
   Google Scholar
• Evans . “ 'El espiritu de la colmena …' ” . 15 – 16 .
   Google Scholar
• Erice , Victor and Fernández-Santos , Ángel . 1976 . El espiritu de la colmena , 9 – 26 . 20 – 21 . Madrid : Fundamentes . >Fernando Savater, prologue to
   Google Scholar
• Dadoun , Roger . 'Fetishism in the Horror Film' . fantasy and the Cinema , 39 – 61 . 43
   Google Scholar
• Creed , Barbara . 'Horror and the Monstrous-Feminine: An Imaginary Abjection' . Fantasy and the Cinema , 63 – 89 .
   Google Scholar
• 1993 . The Monstrous-Feminine: Film, Feminism and Psychoanalysis , London/New York : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Kristeva , Julia . 1982 . Powers of Horror: An Essay on Abjection , New York : Columbia U. P. .
   Google Scholar
• Creed . “ 'Horror and the Monstrous-Feminine' ” . 63
   Google Scholar
• Smith . “ 'Whispers and Rapture' ” . 29
   Google Scholar
• Twitchell . Dreadful Pleasures 7
   Google Scholar