Precocious and Premature Cranial Suture Union as Complicating Factors in the Identification of Skeletal Remains

REFERENCES

• Todd, T.W. and Lyon, D.W., Jr. Endocranial suture closure. Part I. Adult males of white stock. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 1924; 7, 325–384.
   Google Scholar
• Todd, T.W., and Lyon, D.W., Jr. Cranial suture closure. Part II. Ectocranial suture closure in adult males of white stock. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 1925; 8, 23–45.
   Google Scholar
• Todd, T.W., and Lyon, D.W., Jr. Cranial suture closure. Part III. Endocranial closure in adult males of Negro stock. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 1925; 8, 47–71.
   Google Scholar
• Todd, T.W., and Lyon, D.W. Jr. Suture closure. Part IV. Ectocranial closure in adult males of Negro stock. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 1925; 8, 149–168.
   Google Scholar
• Singer, R. Estimation of age from cranial suture closure: a report on its unreliability. Journal of Forensic Medicine. 1953; 1, 52–59.
   Google Scholar
• Brooks, S.T. Skeletal age at death: the reliability of cranial and pubic age indicators. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 1955; 13, 567–597.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKern, T.W., and Stewart, T.D. Skeletal Age Changes in Young American Males. Quartermaster Research and Development Command, Technical Report EP-45, 1957.
   Google Scholar
• Powers, R. The disparity between known age and age estimated by cranial suture closure. Man. 1962; 82–83:52–54.
   Google Scholar
• Masset, C. Erreurs systématiques dans la détermination de l'âge par les sutures craniennes. Bull, et Mem. de la Societe d'Anthropol. de Paris. 1971; 7, 85–105.
   Google Scholar
• Bocquet-Appel, J.P., and Masset, C. Farewell to paleodemography. Journal of Human Evolution. 1982; 11, 321–333.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krogman, W.M., and Iscan, M.Y. The Human Skeleton in Forensic Medicine, Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, 1986.
   Google Scholar
• Acsádi, G., and Nemeskéri, J. History of Human Life Span and Mortality, Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, 1970.
   Google Scholar
• Perizonius, W.R.K. Closing and non-closing sutures in 256 crania of known age and sex from Amsterdam (A.D. 1883–1909). Journal of Human Evolution. 1984; 13, 201–216.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baker, R.K. The Relationship of Cranial Suture Closure and Age Analyzed in a Modern Multi-Racial Sample of Males and Females. Unpublished M.A. Thesis, California State University, Fullerton, 1984.
   Google Scholar
• Meindle, R.S., and Lovejoy, C.O. Ectocranial suture closure: a revised method for the determination of skeletal age at death based on the lateral anterior sutures. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 1985; 68, 57–66.
   Google Scholar
• Bolk, L. On the premature obliteration of sutures in the human skull. American Journal of Anatomy. 1915; 17, 495–523.
   Google Scholar
• Moss, M.L. The pathogenesis of premature cranial synostosis in man. Acta. Anat. 1959; 37, 351–370.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brothwell, D.R. Digging Up Bones, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, 1981.
   Google Scholar
• Moss, M.L. Growth of the calvaria in the rat. The determination of osseous morphology. American Journal of Anatomy. 1954; 94, 333–362.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Moss, M.L. Premature synostosis of the frontal suture in the cleft palate skull. Plast. Reconst. Surg. 1957; 20, 199–205.
   Google Scholar
• Moss, M.L. Fusion of the frontal suture in the rat. American Journal of Anatomy. 1958; 102, 141–165.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Moss, M.L. Inhibition and stimulation of sutural fusion in the rat calvaria. Anat. Rec. 1960; 136, 457–467.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Moss, M.L. Extrinsic determination of sutural area morphology in the rat calvaria. Acta. Anat. 1961; 44, 263–272.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bennett, K.A. Craniostenosis: a review of the etiology and a report of new cases. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 1967; 27, 1–10.
   Google Scholar
• Giles, E., and Elliot, O. Sex determination by discriminant function analysis. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 1963; 21, 53–68.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giles, E., and Elliot, O. Race identification from cranial measurements. Journal of Forensic Sciences. 1962; 7, 147–157.
   Google Scholar
• Gilbert, B.M., and McKern, T.W. A method for aging the female as pubis. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 1973; 38, 31–38.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Knudson, H.W., and Flaherty, R.A. Craniosynostosis. American Journal of Roentgenography. 1960; 84, 454–460.
   Google Scholar
• Alberius, P., and Isberg, P. Relationships between growth at the sutures of the rabbit calvarium. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 1987; 72, 431–435.
   Google Scholar
• London, M.R. and Curran, B.K. The use of the hip joint in the separation of commingled remains, paper presented at the Fifty-fifth Annual Meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, Albuquerque, April 9–12, 1986.
   Google Scholar
• McLaughlin, S.M., and Bruce, M.F. A simple multivariate technique for determining sex from fragmentary femora: its application to a Scottish short cist population. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 1985; 67, 413–417.
   Google Scholar
• Katz, D. and Suchey, J.M. Age determination of the male os pubis. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 1986; 69, 427–435.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Giles, E. Sex determination by discriminant function analysis of the mandible. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 1964; 22, 129–135.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nie, N.H., Hull, C.H., Jenkins, J.E., Steinbrenner, K., and Brent, D.H. SPSS: Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, Second Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1975.
   Google Scholar
• Buikstra, J.E., Gordon, C.C. and St. Hoyme, L., “The case of the severed skull: individuation in forensic anthropology,” in Human Identification: Case Studies in Forensic Anthropology, Rathbun, T.A. and Buikstra, J.E., eds., Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, 1984, pp. 121–135.
   Google Scholar