37
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

The Effect of Water-Soluble OC “Pepper” Spray on Select Infrared and Electrochemical Breath Alcohol Instruments

Pages 266-275 | Published online: 22 Nov 2013

REFERENCES

  • Gullberg R.G. Common Legal Challenges and Responses in Forensic Breath Alcohol Determination. Forensic Sci. Rev. 2004; 16: 91–101.
  • Harding P.M. and Dubowski K. Report on the Specificity of Breath Alcohol Analyzers. National Safety Council Committee on Alcohol and Other Drugs (COAD). 1999: 1–11.
  • Harding P.M., Laessig R.H., and Field P.H. Field Performance of the Intoxilyzer 5000: A Comparison of Blood- and Breath-Alcohol Results in Wisconsin Drivers. J. Forensic Sci. 1990; 35: 1022–1028.
  • Stowell A.R., Gainsford A.R., and Gullberg R.G. New Zealand's Breath and Blood Alcohol Testing Programs: Further Data Analysis and Forensic Implications. Forensic Sci. Int. 2008; 178: 83–92.
  • Murray M.T. and Pizzorno J.E. Jr. Capsicum Frutescens (Cayenne Pepper). In: Pizzorno J.E. Jr. and Murray M.T. (eds.), Textbook of Natural Medicine. Edinburgh, Scotland: Churchill Livingstone, 2006; 803–807.
  • Wright S. An Appraisal of Technologies of Political Control. The European Parliament Scientific and Technological Options Assessment (STOA). Luxembourg: 1998; 34–36.
  • Reilly C.A. and Crouch, D.J. Quantitative Analysis of Capsaicinoids in Fresh Peppers, Oleoresin Capsicum and Pepper Spray Products. J. Forensic Sci. 2001; 46: 502–509.
  • Haas J.S., Whipple R.E., Grant P.M., Andresen B.D., Volpe A.M., and Pelkey G.E. Chemical and Elemental Comparison of Two Formulations of Oleoresin Capsicum. Sci. Justice. 1997; 37: 15–24.
  • Denney R.C. and Williams P.M. Mouth Alcohol: Some Theoretical and Practical Considerations. In: Noordzij P.C. and Roszbach R. (eds.), Alcohol, Drugs, and Traffic Safety—T86. Elsevier Science Publishers, 1987
  • Gullberg R.G. The Elimination Rate of Mouth Alcohol: Mathematical Modeling and Implications in Breath Alcohol Analysis. J. Forensic Sci. 1992; 37: 1363–1372.
  • Gullberg R.G. Breath Alcohol Measurement Variability Associated with Different Instrumentation and Protocols. Forensic Sci. Int. 2003; 131: 30–35.
  • Gullberg R.G. Estimating the Measurement Uncertainty in Forensic Breath-Alcohol Analysis. Accred. Qual. Assur. 2006; 11: 562–568.
  • Jones A.W. and Neri A. Evaluation of Blood-Ethanol Profiles after Consumption of Alcohol Together with a Large Meal. Can. Soc. Forensic Sci. J. 1991; 24: 165–173.
  • Norberg A., Jones A.W., Hahn R.G., and Gabrielsson J.L. Role of Variability in Explaining Ethanol Pharmacokinetics: Research and Forensic Applications. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 2003; 42: 1–31.
  • Breen M.H., Dang Q.T., Jaing J.T., and Boyd G.N. The Effect of a ‘One for the Road’ Drink of Hard Liquor, Beer or Wine on Peak Breath Alcohol Concentration in a Social Drinking Environment with Food Consumption. Med. Sci. Law. 1998; 38: 62–69.
  • Winek C.L., Wahba W.W., and Dowdell J.L. Determination of Absorption Time of Ethanol in Social Drinkers. Forensic Sci. Int. 1996; 77: 169–177.
  • Jones A.W., Wigmore J.G., and House C.J. The Course of the Blood-Alcohol Curve After Consumption of Large Amounts of Alcohol Under Realistic Conditions. Can. Soc. Forensic Sci. J. 2006; 39: 125–140.
  • Gullberg R.G. and Jones A.W. Guidelines for Estimating the Amount of Alcohol Consumed from a Single Measurement of Blood Alcohol Concentration: Re-evaluation of Widmark's Equation. Forensic Sci. Int. 1994; 69: 119–130.
  • Friel P.N., Logan B.K., and Baer J. An Evaluation of the Reliability of Widmark Calculations Based on Breath Alcohol Measurements. J. Forensic Sci. 1995; 40: 91–94.
  • Jones A.W. and Jonsson, K.A. Food-Induced Lowering of Blood-Ethanol Profiles and Increased Rate of Elimination Immediately after a Meal. J. Forensic Sci. 1994; 39: 1084–1093.
  • Tucker S.P. Determination of Capsaicin and Dihydrocapsaicin in Air in a Pickle and Pepper Processing Plant. AIHAJ. 2001; 62: 45–48.
  • Isles N. and Hendry J. The Effect of PAVA Restraining Spray on Screening and Evidential Breath Testing Instruments. Presented at: 17th Meeting, The International Council on Alcohol, Drugs, and Traffic Safety, Glasgow, Scotland, 2004.
  • Labianca D.A. How Specific for Ethanol is Breath-Alcohol Analysis Based on Absorption of IR Radiation at 9.5 Microns? J. Anal. Toxicol. 1992; 16: 404–405.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.