51
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Formation of Nitric Oxide in a Multi-Air Staged Gas Flame

, &
Pages 41-66 | Received 11 Aug 2000, Accepted 14 Feb 2001, Published online: 05 Apr 2007

References

  • Ahn. K.Y. ( 1994 ) A Study on the ignition and Combustion of Coal-Water Slury Droplet . Ph. D. Thesis , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Taejon , Korea, in Korea ,
  • Beer. J.M. ( 1996 ) Low NOx Burners for Boilers, Furnaces and Gas Turbines; Drive Towards the Lower Bounds of NOx Emissions. Combust. Sci. Tech. , 121 . 169 .
  • Beretta , A. and Mancini , N. ( 1996 ) The Influence of the Temperature Fluctuations Variance on NO Predictions for Gas Flames . Combust. Sci. Tech. , 121 , 193 .
  • Chase. M., Jr., Davies , C.A. , Downey, J.R. Jr., Frurip , D.J. , Mcdonard , R.A. ,Syverd. A. N., ( 1985 ) JANAF Thermochemical Tables , third edition , American Chemical Society and American Institute of Physics .
  • Choi , C.E. , and Baek , S.W. ( 1996 ) Numerical Analysis of a Spray Combustion with Nongray Radiation Using Weighted Sum Gray Gases Model. Combust. Sci. Tech. , 115 . 297 .
  • Chui , E.H. , and Hughes , P.M.J. ( 1996 ) Validation of NOx and NOx Precursor Predictions in Coal Flames . Combust. Sci. Tech. , 119 , 51 .
  • Crowe , C.T. , Sharma, M.P, and Stock , D.E. , Jun. ( 1977 ) The Particle-Source-In Cell (PSI-CELL) Model for Gas-Droplet Flows . J. Fluid Eng. , 325 .
  • De Soete , G.G. ( 1975 ) Overall Reaction Rates of NO and N2 Formation from Fuel Nitrogen. Fifteenth Symposium (international) on Combustion . The combustion Institute , 1093.
  • Felske , J.D. , and Charalampopoulos , T.T. ( 1982 ) Gray Gas Weighting Coefficients for Arbitrary Gas-Soot Mixtures. Int. J. Heal and Mass Transfer , 25 . 1849 .
  • FLUENT NOx Module User's Guide, Version 2, March ( 1995 ).
  • Fenimore , C.P. ( 1979 ) Studies of fuel-nitrogen in rich flame gases . Seventeenth Symposium (International) on Combustion . The combustion Institute , 661 .
  • Gosman , A.D. , and Ideriah , F.J.K. ( 1976 ) TEACH-T A General Computer Program for Two-Dimensional, Turbulent Recirculating Flow , Imperial College , London , U.K.
  • Gran , I.R. , Melaaen , M.C. , and Magnussen , B.F. ( 1994 ) Numerical Simulation of Local Extinction Effects in Turbulent Combustion Flows of Methane and Air , Twenty-Fifth Symposium (International) on Combustion. The Combustion Institute , 1283 .
  • Hampartsoumian , E. , Nimmo , W. , Pourkasanian , M. and Williams , A. ( 1996 ) The Prediction ot NOx Emission from Spray Combustion. Combust. Sci. Tech. , 93 , 153 .
  • Hand , G. , Missaghi , M. , Pourkashanain , M. and Williams , A. ( 1989 ). Experimental Studies and Computer Modeling of Nitrogen Oxides in a Cylindrical Natural Gas Furnace , The IFRF Nineth Members Conference , Noordwijkerhout , The Netherlands .
  • Hottel , H.C. , and Sarofim , A.F. ( 1967 ) Radiative Transfer , Mc-Graw Hill, Inc.
  • Johnson , T.R. , and Beer , J.M. ( 1972 ) Radiative Heat Transfer in Furnaces Further Development of the Zone Method of Analysis . Fourteenth Symposium (International) on Combustion. The Combustion Institute , 639 .
  • Liou , T.M. , Lien , W.Y. , and Hwang , P.W. ( 1994 ) Large-Eddy Simulations of Turbulent Reacting Flows in a Chamber with Gaseous Ethylene Injecting through the Porous Wall . Combust. Flame , 99 , 591 .
  • Liu F, Becker HA, Bindar Y. ( 1998 ) A Comprehensive Study of Radiative Heat Transfer Modelling in Gas-Fired Furnaces using the Simple Gray Gas and the Weighted-Sum-of-Gray-Gases Models . Int. J. Heat and Mass Transfer , 41 , 3357 .
  • Magnussen , B.F. , and Hjertager , B.H. ( 1977 ) On Mathematical Modeling of Turbulent Combustion with Special Emphasis on Soot Formation and Combustion . Sixteenth Symposium (International) on Combustion . The Combustion Institute , 719 .
  • Miller , J.A. , and Bowman , C.T. , ( 1989 ) Mechanism and Modeling of Nitrogen Chemistry in Combustion , Progress in Energy and Combustion Science , 10 , 287 .
  • Missaghi , M. , Pourkashanian , M. , Williams , A. ,Yap. L. ( 1991 ) The predictions of NO Emissions from an Industrial Burner . Second European Conference on Industrial Furnaces and Boilers , Lsibon .
  • Peters , A.A.F. , and Weber , R. ( 1995 ) Mathmatical Modeling of 2.25MW Swirling Natural Gas Flame . Part 1 Eddy Break-up Concept for Turbulent Combustion; Probablity Function Approach for Nitric Oxide Formation . Combust. Sci. Tech. , 110–111 , 67 .
  • Shihadeh , A.L. , Toqan , M.A. , Beer , J.M. , Lewis P.F., Teare , J.D. , Jimenez , J.L. and Barta , L. ( 1994 ) Low NOx Emission from Aerodynamically Staged Oil-Air Turbulent Diffusion Flames . ASME Fact , 18 , 195 .
  • Smart , J.P. and Webber , R. ( 1989 ) Reduction of NOx and optimisation of burnout with an aerodynamically air-staged burner and an air-staged precombustor burner . Journal of the Institute of Energy , December . 237 .
  • Smith , T.F. , Shen , Z.F. , and Friedman , J.N. , Nov. ( 1982 ) Evaluation of Coefficients for the Weighted Sum of Gray Gases Model . ASMEJ. Heat Transfer , 104 , 602 .
  • Soufiani , A. , and Djavdan , E. ( 1994 ) A Comparison between Weighted Sum of Gray Gases and Statistical Narrow-Band Radiation Models for Combustion Applications . Combust. Flame , 97 , 240 .
  • Sun, Norman ( 1994 ) Numerical modeling and Experimental Investigation of Radially Stratified Low NOx Natural Gas Flame . MS. Thesis MIT Dept. of Mechanical Engineering .
  • Terasaki T.K.Hayashi S. ( 1996 ) The effect of Fuel-Air Mixing on NOx Formation in Non-Premixed Swirl Burners . Twenty-Sixth Symposium (International) on Combustion . The Combustion Institute , 2733 .
  • Toqan , M.A. and Beer , J.M. Jansohn. P.Sun. N.Testa. A. and Teare , J.D. ( 1992 ) Low NOx Emission from Radially Stratified Natural Gas-Air Turbulent Diffusion Flames Twenty-Fourthth Symposium (International) on Combustion . The Combustion Institute , 2733 .
  • Versteeg , H.K. , and Malalasekera , W. ( 1995 ) An Introduction to Computational Fluid Dynamics , Longmn Scientific & Technical .
  • Wild , P.N. , and Faltsi-saravelou , O. ( 1995 ) Mathmatical Modelling of a 2.25 MW Swirling Natural Gas Flame. Part 2 Conserved Scalar Approach for Turbulent Combustion . Combust. Sci. Tech. , 110-111 , 103 .
  • Yu, MJ. Baek , S.W. and Park , J.H. ( 2000 ) Extention of Weighted Sum of Gray Gases Non-Gray Gas Model to a Two Phase Mixture of Non-Gray Gas with Particles . Int. J. Heat and Mass Transfer , 43 , 1699 .
  • Yu , MJ. and Baek , S.W. ( 1999 ) Modeling of a Pulverized Coal Combustion with Non-Gray Gas Radiation Effects . Proceeding of I7th International Colloquium on the Dynamics of Explosions and Reactive Systems , Heidelberg . Germany .
  • Yu , M.J. ( 2000 ) Investigation of Combustion and NOx Emission Characteristics for the Pulverized Coal with Radiation Effects . Modeling of a Pulverized Coal Combustion with Non-Gray GasRadiation Effects. Ph. D. Thesis , Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Taejon , Korea, in Korea .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.