NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF COMBUSTION OF NATURAL GAS WITH HIGH-TEMPERATURE AIR

REFERENCES

• Baulch , D. L. et al. 1992 . Evaluated kinetic data for combustion modeling. Journal of Physical and Chemical Data 21 ( 3 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blasiak , W. ,B. Lindblad. 2000 . Highly preheated air combustion research in Sweden. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Seminar on High Temperature Combustion in Industrial Furnaces. Stockholm , Sweden Jernkontoret-KTH .
   Google Scholar
• Bowman , C. T. 1975 . Kinetics of pollutant formation and destruction in combustion. Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 1 33 – 47 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Breussin , F. , N. Lallemant , and R. Weber. 2000 . Computing of oxy-natural gas flames using both a global combustion scheme and a chemical equilibrium procedure. Combust. Sci. and Tech. 160 369 – 398 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brink , A. , M. Hupa , F. Breussin , N. Lallemant , and R. Weber. 2000 . Modelling of oxy-natural gas combustion chemistry. AIAA Journal of Propulsion and Power 16 ( 4 ) 609 – 614 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cavaliere , A. , and M. De Joannon. 2000 . Detailed chemical kinetics in the reactor design for diluted high temperature combustion of air/paraffin mixtures. The 3rd CREST International Symposium , Yokohama , Japan .
   Google Scholar
• Chen , W. 1994 . A global reaction rate for nitric oxide reburning. Ph.D. thesis , Bringham Young University .
   Google Scholar
• Coelho , P. J. ,N. Peters. 2001 . Numerical simulation of a mild combustion burner. Combustion and Flame 124 503 – 518 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dugué J.,R. Weber . 1992 . Laser velocimetry in semi-industrial natural gas, oil and coal flames by means of a water-cooled LDV probe. |jtThe 6th International Symposium on Application of Laser in Anemometry in Fluid Mechanics , Lisbon , Portugal .
   Google Scholar
• De Joannon , M. , A. Saponaro ,A. Cavaliere. 2000 . Zero-dimensional analysis of methane diluted oxidation in rich conditions. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute , 28 , pp. 1639 – 1646 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Soete , G. G. 1975 . Overall reaction rates of NO and N2 formation from fuel nitrogen , Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 15 1093 – 1102 .
   Google Scholar
• Dong , W. , and W. Blasiak. 2000 . Numerical modeling of highly preheated air combustion in a 580 kW testing furnace at IFRF. The 3rd CREST International Symposium , Yokohama , Japan .
   Google Scholar
• Edwards , D. K. 1976 . Molecular gas band radiation. In Advances in Heat Transfer ( Edited by T. F. Irvine, Jr. and J. P. Harnett ). 12 , pp. 115 – 193 . New York Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Gordon , S. ,S. McBride. 1994 . Computer program for calculations of complex equilibrium compositions and applications, analysis. NASA Publication 1311 .
   Google Scholar
• Gupta , A. K. ,Z. Li. 1997 . Effect of fuel property on the structure of highly preheated air flames. ASME International Joint Power Generation Conference , Denver CO , ASME EC-Vol. 5 , pp 247 – 257 .
   Google Scholar
• Gupta , A. K. , S. Bolz.,T. Hasegawa. 1999 . Effect of air preheat temperature and oxygen concentration on flame structure and emissions. ASME Journal of Energy Resources Technology 121 209 – 216 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hanson , R. K. ,S. Salimian. 1984 . Survey of rate constants in H/N/O Systems. Combustion Chemistry 361 .
   Google Scholar
• Hardesty , D. R. ,F. J. Weinberg. 1974 . Burners producing large excess enthalpies. Combust. Sci. Technol. 8 201 – 214 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hino Y. , C. Zhang , T. Ishii ,S. Sugiyama. 1998 . Comparison of measurements and predictions of flame structure and NOx emissions in a gas-fired furnace. AIAA/ASME Joint Thermophysics and Heat Transfer Conference , 1 .
   Google Scholar
• Hottel , H. C. ,A. F. Sarofim. 1967 . Radiative Transfer. New York McGraw-Hill Company .
   Google Scholar
• Ishi , T. , C. Zhang ,S. Sugiyama. 1997 . Numerical analysis of NOx formation rate in a regenerative furnace. Joint Power Generation Conference , EC-Vol. 5 , pp. 267 – 278 .
   Google Scholar
• Ishiguro , T. , S. Tsuge , T. Furuhata , K. Kitigawa , N. Aral , T. Hasegawa , R. Tanaka ,A. K. Gupta. 1998 . Homogenization and stabilization during combustion of hydrocarbons with preheated air. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute , 27 , pp. 3205 – 3213 .
   Google Scholar
• Katsuki , I. M. ,T. Hasegawa. 1998 . The science and technology of combustion in highly preheated air. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute , 27 , pp. 3135 – 3146 .
   Google Scholar
• Lallemant , N. ,R. Weber. 1996 . A computationally efficient procedure for calculating gas radiative properties using the exponential wide band model. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 39 ( 15 ) 3273 – 3286 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Magnussen , B. F. 1981 . On the structure of turbulence and a generalized eddy dissipation concept for chemical reaction in turbulent flow. Nineteenth AIAA Aerospace Meeting , AIAA , New York .
   Google Scholar
• Magnussen , B. F. ,B. H. Hjertager. 1976 . On mathematical modeling of turbulent combustion with emphasis on soot formation and combustion. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 17 719 – 729 .
   Google Scholar
• Masters , J. , R. J. Webb ,R. M. Davies. 1979 . The use of modelling techniques in the design and application of recuperative burners. J. Inst. Energy 52 196 – 204 .
   Google Scholar
• Milani , A. 2000 . Mild combustion technique applied to regenerative firing in industrial furnaces. Proceedings of the 2nd International Seminar on High Temperature Combustion in Industrial Furnaces , Stockholm , Sweden Jernkontoret-KTH .
   Google Scholar
• Milani , A. , G. V. Salamone , and J. G. Wünning , 1997 . Low NOx- Regenerativbrenner in einer Anlage zum kontinuierlichen Glühen von Edelstahlband. Gaswärme International , 46 ( 12 ) 606 – 612 .
   Google Scholar
• Missaghi , M. , M. Pourkashanian , A. Williams ,L. Yap. 1990 . The prediction of NO emissions from an industrial burner. Proceeding of American Flame Days Conference , San Francisco .
   Google Scholar
• Mochida , S. ,T. Hasegawa. 2000 . Development of a combustion diagnostics method on advanced industrial furnaces utilizing high temperature air combustion. Proceedings of the 2nd International Seminar on High Temperature Combustion in Industrial Furnaces , Stockholm , Sweden Jernkontoret-KTH .
   Google Scholar
• Nakamachi , I. , K. Yasuzawa , T. Miyahata ,T. Nagata. 1990 . Apparatus or method for carrying out combustion in a furnace. US Patent No. 4 , 945 , 841 .
   Google Scholar
• Peters , A. ,R. Weber. 1995 . Mathematical modeling of a 2.25 MWt swirling natural gas flame. Part 1 Eddy break-up concept for turbulent combustion; Probability density function approach for nitric oxide formation. Combust. Sci. and Tech. 110 – 111 67 – 101 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peters , N. 1986 . Laminar flamelet concepts in turbulent combustion. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 21 1231 – 1250 .
   Google Scholar
• Plessing , T. , N. Peters ,J. G. Wünning. 1998 . Laseroptical investigation of highly preheated combustion with strong exhaust gas recirculation. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 27 3197 – 3204 .
   Google Scholar
• Pope , S. B. 1990 . Computations of turbulent combustion progress and challenges. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 23 591 – 612 .
   Google Scholar
• Suzukawa , Y. , S. Sugiyama ,T. Hasegawa. 1998 . Development and application of direct fired regenerative burner heating system. The IFRF American-Japanese Flame Days , Maui , Hawaii .
   Google Scholar
• Tanaka , R. , K. Kishimoto ,T. Hasegawa. 1979 . High efficiency heat transfer method with use of high temperature pre-heated air and gas recirculation. Combust. Sci. Technology l ( 4 ) 264 – 273 , in Japanese .
   Google Scholar
• Verlaan , A. L. , S. Orsino , N. Lallemant ,R. Weber. 1998 . Fluid flow and mixing in a furnace equipped with the low-NOx regenerative burner of Nippon Furnace Kogyo. The results of the HTAC97 trials , IFRF Doc. No. F 46/y/l .
   Google Scholar
• Weber , R. , S. Orsino , N. Lallemant ,A. Verlaan. 2000 . Combustion of natural gas with high temperature air and large quantities of flue gas. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 28 , pp. 1315–1321.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weber , R. , A. L. Verlaan , S. Orsino ,N. Lallemant. 1999 . On emerging furnace design methodology that provides substantial energy savings and drastic reductions in CO2, CO and NOx emissions. J. Inst. Energy 72 77 – 83 .
   Google Scholar
• Wesbrook , C. K. ,F. L. Dryer. 1984 . Chemical kinetic modeling of hydrocarbon combustion. Prog. Energy Comb. Sci. 1 – 57 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Westenberg , A. A. 1975 . Kinetics of NO and CO in Lean, Premixed Hydrocarbon-Air Flames. Comb. Sci. and Tech. 4 59 – 64 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wünning , J. A. ,J. G. Wünning. 1992 . Brenner für flammenlose Oxidation mit geringer NO-Bildung auch bei höchster Luftvorw¨rming. Gaswärme International 10 438 .
   Google Scholar
• Wünning , J. A. ,J. G. Wünning. 1997 . Flameless oxidation to reduce thermal NO formation. Progr. Energy Combust. Science 23 ( 12 ) 81 – 94 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yuang , J. ,I. Naruse. 1998 . Numerical study on combustion characteristics and NOx emissions in highly preheated and diluted air combustion. The IFRF American-Japanese Flame Days , Maui , Hawaii .
   Google Scholar