114
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

A Numerical Model for Pilot Ignition of PMMA in a Cone Calorimeter

, , &
Pages 321-345 | Received 23 Apr 1997, Accepted 27 Jun 1997, Published online: 09 Jun 2010

References

  • Amos , B. and Fernandez-Pello , A.C. ( 1988 ) Model of the Ignition and Flame Development on a Vaporizing Combustible Surface in a Stagnation Point Flow: Ignition by Vapor Fuel Radiation Absorption , Combustion Science and Technology , 62 , 331 – 343 .
  • ASTM El354 ( 1990 ) Standard Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter, Annual Books of ASTM Standards , ASTM, Philadelphia , PA .
  • Back , S. W. , Kim , T. Y. and Kaplan , C. R. ( 1997 ) Ignition Phenomenon of Solid Fuel in a Confined Rectangular Enclosure , International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer , 40 i:( 1 ), 89 – 99 .
  • Bejnn , A. ( 1993 ) Heal Transfer , John Wiley and Sons Inc., New York .
  • Bluhme , D. A. ( 1989 ) Interlaboratory Calibration and Repeatability of the Cone Calorimeter ISO/DP 5660 , NORDTEST-Project 748 – 88 , Dantest, Fire Technology Division, Copenhagen .
  • Cote , A. E. and Linville , J. L. (Eds,)( 1991 ) Fire Protection Handbook , 17th edition, National Fire Protection Association, Quincy , Massachusetts .
  • Di Blasi , C. , Crescitelli , S. , Russo , G. and Cinque , G. ( 1991 ) Numerical Model of Ignition Processes of Polymeric Materials Including Gas-Phase Absorption of Radiation , Combustion and Flame , 83 , 333 – 344 .
  • Di Nenno , P. H. et al. (Eds.) ( 1988 ) SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering , National Fire Protection Association, Quincy , Massachusetts .
  • Drysdale , D. ( 1985 ) An Introduction to Fire Dynamics , John Wiley and Sons, New York .
  • Durbetaki , P. and Koski , J. R. ( 1995 ) Ignition Model of PMMA in the Presence of Forced Convection and Radiation, In Lewis , R. W, and Durbetaki , P. (Eds.), Numerical Methods in Thermal Problems , Vol. IX , Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference, Pineridge Press. Swansea , pp. 315 – 326 .
  • Fernandez-Pello , A. C. and Williams , F, A. ( 1977 ) A Theory of Laminar Flame Spread Over Flat Surfaces of Solid Combustibles , Combustion and Flame , 28 , 251 – 277 .
  • Fletcher , C. A. J. ( 1991 ) Computational Techniques or Fluid Dynamics: Fundamental and General Techniques , Vol. 1 , 2nd ed., Springer-Verlag, New York , pp. 200 – 303 .
  • Friedman , R. ( 1997 ) Ignition and Burning of Solids , In Robertson , A. F. (Ed.) Fire Standards and Safety , ASTM STP 614, pp. 91 – 111 .
  • ISO 5660 ( 1993 ) Fire Tests, Reaction to Fire. Rate of Heal Release from Building Products. , ISO, Geneva, Switzerland .
  • Janssens , M. ( 1989 ) Verbal report on the preliminary analysis of the ISO Round Robin. Toronto meeting of ISO/ TC 92/SC 1/WG 5.
  • Kodama , H. , Miyasaka , K. and Fernandez-Pello , A. C. ( 1987 ) Extinction and Stabilization of a Diffusion Flame on a Flat Combustible Surface with Emphasis on Thermal Controlling Mechanisms , Combustion Science and Technology , 54 , 37 – 50 .
  • Lengelle , G. ( 1970 ) Thermal Degradation Kinetics and Surface Pyrolysis of Vinyl Polymers. AIAA Journal , 8 i:( 11 ), 1989 – 1996 .
  • Leonard , J. ( 1995 ) Personal Communicalion, CSIRO Division of Building, Construction and Engineering , Highett, Australia .
  • Marchal , A. , Yoshida , M. and Hasemi , Y. ( 1995 ) Interlaboratory Trials on Reaction-to-Fire Tests, Technical Report , Building Research Institute, Japan .
  • Nelson , M. I. , Brindley , J. and Mcintosh , A. ( 1995 ) A Mathematical Model of Ignition in the Cone Calorimeter. Combustion Science and Technology , 104 , 33 – 54 .
  • Novozhilov , V. , Moghtaderi , B. , Fletcher , D. F. and Kent , J. H. ( 1996 ) Computational Fluid Dynamics Modelling of Wood Combustion , Fire Safely Journal , 27 , 69 – 84 .
  • Patankar , S. V. ( 1980 ) Numerical Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow , Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, New York .
  • Pan , R. , Cao , M. Y. and Wunderlich , B. ( 1989) Heat Capacity of High Polymers, Part B: Data Tables for Solids and Liquids. In Brandrup , J. and Immergut , E. H. (Eds). Polymer Handbook , Third ed., John Wiley and Sons, New York.
  • Peric , M. , Kessler , R. and Scheuerer , G. ( 1988 ) Comparison of Finite-Volume Numerical Methods with Staggered and Colocated Grids. Computers and Fluids , 16 i:( 4 ), 389 – 403 .
  • Rhodes , B. T. ( 1994 ) Burning Rate and Flame Heat Flux for PMMA in the Cone Calorimeter , University of Maryland, NIST--GCR--95--664.
  • Rhodes , B. T. and Quintiere , J. G. ( 1996 ) Burning Rate and Flame Heat Flux for PMMA in a Cone Calorimeter , Fire Safety Journal , 26 , 221 – 240 .
  • Rychly , J. and Costa , L. ( 1995 ) Modelling of Polymer Ignition and Burning Adopted for Cone Calorimeter Measurements The Correlation between the Rate of Heat Release and Oxygen Index , Fire and Materials , 19 , 215 – 220 .
  • Sibulkin , M. and Gale , T. ( 1984 ) Effects of External Radiation on Solid-Fuel Diffusion Flames. Journal of Fire Sciences , 2 , 70 – 81 .
  • Sibulkin , M. , Kulkarni , A. K. and Annamalai , K. ( 1982 ) Burning on a Vertical Fuel Surface with Finite Chemical Reaction Rate. Combustion and Flame , 44 , 187 – 199 .
  • Seshadri , K. and Williams , F. A. ( 1978 ) Structure and Extinction of Counterflow Diffusion Flames above Condensed Fuels: Comparison Between Poly(methyl Methacrylate) and its Liquid Monomer, Both Burning in Nitrogen-Air Mixtures. Journal of Polymer Science , 16 , 1755 – 1778 .
  • Stone , H. L. ( 1968 ) Iterative Solution of Implicit Approximations of Multi-dimensional Partial Differential Equations. Journal of Num. Analysis , 5 , 530 – 558 .
  • Tewarson . A. , Jiang , F. H. and Morikawa , T. ( 1993 ) Ventilation-Controlled Combustion of Polymers. Combustion and Flame , 95 , 151 – 169 .
  • Thomson , H. E. and Drysdale , D. D. ( 1987 ) Flammability of Plastics. I: Ignition Temperatures. Fire and Materials , 11 , 163 – 172 .
  • Thomson , H. E. and Drysdale , D. D. ( 1990 ) Effect of Sample Orientation on the Pilot Ignition of PMMA. INTERFLAM , '90 , 35 – 42 .
  • Yeoh , G. H. ( 1992 ) Natural Convection in a Solidifying Liquid , Ph.D. Thesis, University of New South Wales, Sydney , Australia .
  • Yuen , R. , Cusy , R. , de Vahl Davis , G. , Leonardi , E. , Yeoh , G. H. , Chandrasekaran , V. and Grubits , S. J. ( 1995 ) Prediction of Pilot Ignition and Combustion of Wood. Symposium on Thermal Science and Engineering in Honour of Chancellor Chang-Lin Tien , Berkeley, CA .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.