Effects of Cadmium and Lead on Growth, Yield, and Metal Accumulation in Cabbage

References

• Addae , C. , Piva , M. , Bednar , A. J. and Zaman , M. S. 2010 . Cadmium and lead bioaccumulation in cabbage plants grown in metal-contaminated soils . Advances in Science and Technology , 4 : 79 – 82 .
   Google Scholar
• Adriano , D. C. 2001 . Trace elements in the terrestrial environment , 2nd , New York : Springer-Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Allen , S. E. , Grimshaw , H. M. , Parkinson , J. A. and Quarmby , C. 1974 . Chemical analysis of ecological material , Oxford : Blackwell Scientific .
   Google Scholar
• Alloway , B. J. , Thornton , I. , Smart , G. A. , Sherlock , J. C. and Quinn , M. J. 1988 . Metal availability . Science of the Total Environment , 75 : 41 – 69 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Analogidis , D. 2000 . Soil nutrients and crop production , Athens, Greece: Agro Typos SA .
   Google Scholar
• Archer , F. C. 1980 . “ Trace elements in soil in England and Wales ” . In Inorganic pollution and agriculture (UK Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food Reference Book 326) , London : HMSO .
   Google Scholar
• Belimov , A. , Hontzeas , N. , Safronova , I. V. , Demchmskaya , S. , Piluzza , S. , Bullitta , E. and Click , R. 2005 . Cadmium-tolerant plant growth-promoting bacteria associated with the roots of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czem) . Soil Biology and Biochemistry , 37 : 241 – 250 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benett , B. G. 1981 . The exposure commitment method in environmental pollutant assessment . Journal of Environmental Monitoring and Assessment , 1 : 21 – 36 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Denkota , B. and Schimdt , G. H. 2000 . Accumulation of heavy metals in food plants and grasshoppers from Taigetos Mountains, Greece . Agriculture, Ecosystems, and Environment , 78 : 85 – 91 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eba , F. , Ndong Nlo , J. , Moussambi Membetsi , Z. H. , Ondo , J. A. , Kouya Biboutou , R. and Edou Engonga , P. 2011 . Isothermal and kinetic studies of simultaneous removal of Mn(II) and Pb(II) ions in aqueous solution by adsorption onto clay from Bikougou Deposit (Gabon) . International Journal of Chemical Technology , 4 : 1 – 16 .
   Google Scholar
• Epstein , E. , Chaney , R. L. , Henry , C. and Logan , T. J. 1992 . Trace elements in municipal solid waste compost . Biomass Bio-energy , 3 : 227 – 228 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Union , European . 1986 . The protection of the environment, and in particular of the soil, when sewage sludge is used in agriculture (Council Directive 86/278/EEC) , Brussels : European Union .
   Google Scholar
• Union , European . 1991 . Urban waste-water treatment (Council Directive 91/271/EEC) , Brussels : European Union .
   Google Scholar
• Fargašová , A. 2004 . Toxicity comparison of some possible toxic metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Se, Zn) on young seedlings of Sinapsis alba L . Plant, Soil and Environment , 50 : 33 – 38 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Finster , M. E. , Gray , K. A. and Binns , H. J. 2004 . Lead levels of edibles grown in contaminated residential soils: A field survey . Science of the Total Environment , 320 : 245 – 257 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garcia Sanchez , A. , Moyano , A. and Muñez , C. 1999 . Forms of cadmium, lead, and zinc in polluted mining soils and uptake by plants (Soria Province, Spain) . Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis , 30 : 1385 – 1402 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harghiri , F. 1973 . Cadmium uptake by plants . Journal of Environmental Quality , 2 : 93 – 96 .
   Google Scholar
• Haye , S. N. , Horvath , D. J. , Bennett , O. L. and Singh , R. 1975 . “ A model of seasonal increase of lead in a food chain ” . In Trace substances in environmental health: Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Univeristy of Missouri Conference , Edited by: Hemphill , D. 387 Columbia , Missouri : University of Missouri Environmental Trace Substances Research Center and Extension Division Society for Environmental Geochemistry and Health, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Southern California Edison, and American Water Works Association Research Foundation .
   Google Scholar
• He , Z. L. L. , Yang , X. E. and Stoffella , P. J. 2005 . Trace elements in agroecosystems and impacts on the environment . Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology , 19 : 125 – 140 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jadwiga , G. 1990 . Lead and cadmium contamination of soil and vegetables in the upper Silesia region of Poland . Science of the Total Environment , 96 : 199 – 209 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones , K. S. , Jackson , A. and Johnston , A. E. 1992 . Evidence for an increase in the Cd content of herbage since the 1860s . Environmental Science and Technology , 26 : 834 – 836 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones , L. H. P. , Clement , C. R. and Hopper , M. J. 1973 . Lead uptake from solution by perennial ryegrass and its transport from roots to shoots . Plant and Soil , 38 : 403 – 414 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kabata-Pendias , A. and Pendias , H. 1992 . Trace elements in soils and plants, 2nd , Boca Raton , Fl : CRC .
   Google Scholar
• Kaminek , M. 1992 . Progress in cytokinin research . Trends in Biotechnology , 10 : 159 – 164 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kiekens , L. 1984 . “ Behavior of heavy metals in soils ” . In In Utilization of sewage sludge on land: Rates of application and long-term effects of metals , Edited by: Berglund , S. , Davis , R. D. and Hermite , P. L’ . 126 – 134 . Dordrecht , , the Netherlands : D. Reidel .
   Google Scholar
• Liu , D. , Jiang , W. and Guo , X. 2003 . Effects of cadmium on root growth, cell division, and nucleoli in root tip cells of garlic . Biologia Plantarum , 1 : 79 – 83 .
   Google Scholar
• Liu , W. , Zhou , Q. , Zhang , Y. and Wei , S. 2010 . Lead accumulation in different Chinese cabbage cultivars and screening for pollution-safe cultivars . Journal of Environmental Management , 91 : 781 – 788 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• MAF , F. 1988 . Fertilizer recommendations (Reference Book 209) , London : HMSO .
   Google Scholar
• McLaughlin , M. J. , Bell , M. J. , Wright , G. C. and Cozens , G. D. 2000 . Uptake and partitioning of cadmium by cultivars of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) . Plant and Soil , 222 : 51 – 58 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller , R. H. and Keeney , D. R. 1982 . Methods of soil analysis, part 2 , Madison , , Wisc : American Society of Agronomy .
   Google Scholar
• Mohamed , A. E. , Rashed , M. N. and Mofty , A. 2003 . Assessment of essential and toxic elements in some kinds of vegetables . Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety , 55 : 251 – 260 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nyitrai , P. , Bσka , K. , Gaspar , L. , Sarvari , I. and Keresztes , A. 2004 . Rejuvenation of ageing bean leaves under the effect of low-dose stressors . Plant Biology , 6 : 708 – 714 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rajaiea , M. , Karimiana , N. , Maftouna , M. , Yasrebia , J. and Assad , M. T. 2006 . Chemical forms of cadmium in two calcareous soil textural classes as affected by application of cadmium-enriched compost and incubation time . Geoderma , 136 : 533 – 541 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramadan , M. A. E. and Al-Ashkar , E. A. 2007 . The effect of different fertilizers on the heavy metals in soil and tomato plant . Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences , 1 : 300 – 306 .
   Google Scholar
• Rodríguez Martín , J. A. , Arias , M. L. P. and Grau Corb , J. M. 2006 . Heavy metals contents in agricultural topsoils in the Ebro Basin (Spain): Application of the multivariate geostatistical methods to study spatial variations . Environmental Pollution , 144 : 1001 – 1012 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salt , D. E. , Smith , R. D. and Raskin , I. 1998 . Phytoremediation . Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology , 49 : 643 – 668 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanita di Toppi , L. and Gabbrielli , R. 1999 . Response to cadmium in higher plants . Environmental and Experimental Botany , 41 : 105 – 131 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharma , R. K. , Agrawal , M. and Marshall , F. M. 2006 . Heavy metals contamination in vegetables grown in wastewater irrigation areas of Varanasi, India . Contamination and Toxicology , 77 : 311 – 318 .
   Google Scholar
• Shen , Z. G. , Li , X. D. , Wang , C. C. , Chen , H. M. and Chua , H. 2002 . Lead phytoextraction from contaminated soil with high biomass plant species . Journal of Environmental Quality , 31 : 1893 – 1900 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh , S. P. and Nayyar , V. K. 1994 . Accumulation characteristics of cadmium in selected forage species . Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science , 42 : 96 – 100 .
   Google Scholar
• Sinha , C. G. , Patil , M. L. and Tripathi , H. K. 1981 . Effect of cadmium on growth and concentrations of cadmium in Brassica juncea (Indian mustard) genotypes . Indian Journal of Agronomy , 26 : 105 – 113 .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , S. R. , Hall , J. E. and Hadley , P. 1992 . Composting sewage wastes in relation to their suitability for use as fertilizer materials for vegetable crop production . Acta Horticulturae , 302 : 203 – 215 .
   Google Scholar
• Tessier , A. , Campbell , P. G. C. and Bisson , M. 1979 . Sequential extraction procedure for the speciation of particular trace metals . Analytical Chemistry , 51 : 844 – 850 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wahid , A. , Arshad , M. and Farooq , M. 2009 . “ Cadmium phytotoxicity: Responses, mechanisms and mitigation strategies: A review ” . In In Organic farming, pest control, and remediation of soil pollutants , Edited by: Lichtfouse , E. 371 – 403 . New York : Springer-Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Weissenhorn , I. and Leyval , C. 1995 . Root colonization of maize by a Cd-sensitive and a Cd-tolerant Glomus mosseae and cadmium uptake in sand culture . Plant and Soil , 175 : 233 – 238 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu , H. , Wang , J. , Fang , J. , Yuan , Z. and Yang , Z. 2006 . Cadmium accumulation in different rice cultivars and screening for pollution-safe cultivars of rice . Science of the Total Environment , 370 : 302 – 309 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zimdahl , R. L. and Koeppe , D. E. 1977 . “ Uptake by plants ” . In Lead in the environment , Edited by: Boggess , W. R. 99 – 104 . Washington , D.C : National Science Foundation .
   Google Scholar