References
- Adhikari, D., and Y. Chen. 2014a. “Energy Productivity Convergence in Asian Countries: A Spatial Panel Data Approach.” International Journal of Economics and Finance 6 (7): 94–107. doi:https://doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v6n7p94
- Adhikari, D., and Y. Chen. 2014b. “Sectoral Analysis of Energy Productivity Convergence: Empirical Evidence from Asian Countries.” Modern Economy 5 (9): 980–88. doi:https://doi.org/10.4236/me.2014.59090
- Ağazade, S. 2016. “Doğu Avrupa Geçiş Ekonomilerinde Rekabet Ve Gelir Düzeyi Ilişkisi.” Rekabet Dergisi 17 (2): 120–46.
- Ağazade, S. 2017. “Yakınsama Hipotezinin Azerbaycan Bölgeleri İçin Analizi.” Anadolu Iktisat Ve Işletme Dergisi 1 (1): 18–35.
- Aghion, P., and P. Howitt. 1990. “A Model of Growth through Creative Destruction.” NBER Working Paper 3223.
- Apergis, N., and C. Christou. 2016. “Energy Productivity Convergence: New Evidence from Club Converging.” Applied Economics Letters 23 (2): 142–45. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2015.1058899
- Atalla, T., and P. Bean. 2017. “Determinants of Energy Productivity in 39 Countries: An Empirical Investigation.” Energy Economics 62:217–29. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2016.12.003.
- Ayala, A., J. Cunado, and L. A. Gil-Alana. 2013. “Real Convergence: Empirical Evidence for Latin America.” Applied Economics 45 (22): 3220–29. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2012.703317
- Baltagi, B. H. 2013. Econometric Analysis of Panel Data. 5th ed. UK: John Wiley and Sons Ltd.
- Barro, R. J. 1991. “Economic Growth in a Cross Section of Countries.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics 106 (2): 407–43. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/2937943
- Barro, R. J., and X. Sala-i-martin. 1991. “Convergence across States and Regions.” Brookings Papers on Economic Activity 22 (1): 107–82. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/2534639
- Barro, R. J., and X. Sala-i-martin. 1992. “Convergence.” Journal of Political Economy 100 (2): 223–51. doi:https://doi.org/10.1086/261816
- Bhattacharya, M., J. N. Inekwe, P. Sadorsky, and A. Saha. 2018. “Convergence of Energy Productivity Cross Indian States and Territories.” Energy Economics 74:427–40. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2018.07.002.
- Breuer, J. B., W. Hauk Jr, and J. McDermott. 2014. “The Return of Convergence in the US States.” Applied Economics Letters 21 (1): 64–68. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2013.826905
- Bulut, U., and D. Dursun-Ciftçi. 2018. “Revisiting Energy Intensity Convergence: New Evidence from OECD Countries.” Environmental Science and Pollution Research 25 (13): 12391–97. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-1551-z
- Carvalho, A. 2018. “Energy Efficiency in Transition Economies: A Stochastic Frontier Approach.” Economics of Transition 26 (3): 553–78. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/ecot.12152
- Chang, M. C., and C. H. Yu. 2017. “Estimation of Energy Productivity Change in Baltic Sea and EU non-Baltic Sea States.” Baltic Journal of Economics 17 (1): 78–102. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/1406099X.2017.1309785
- Dickey, D. A., and W. A. Fuller. 1981 “Likelihood Ratio Statistics for Autoregressive Time Series with a Unit Root.” Econometrica 49 (4): 1057–1072. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/1912517
- Driscoll, J. C., and A. C. Kraay. 1998. “Consistent Covariance Matrix Estimation with Spatially Dependent Panel Data.” The Review of Economics and Statistics 80 (4): 549–60. doi:https://doi.org/10.1162/003465398557825
- Ezcurra, R. 2007. “Distribution Dynamics of Energy Intensities: A Cross-country Analysis.” Energy Policy 35 (10): 5254–59. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2007.05.006
- Gaulier, G., C. Hurlin, and P. Jean-Pierre. 1999. “Testing Convergence: A Panel Data Approach.” Annales d’Économie et de Statistique 55/56:411–27. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/20076205.
- Gerschenkron, A. 1962. Economic Backwardness in Historical Perspective. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
- Gill, I. S., and H. Kharas. 2007. An East Asian Renaissance: Ideas for Economic Growth. Washington, DC: World Bank.
- Guetat, I., and F. Serranito. 2007. “Income Convergence within the MENA Countries: A Panel Unit Root Approach.” The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance 46 (5): 685–706. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.qref.2006.08.012
- Hausman, J. 1978. “Specification Tests in Econometrics.” Econometrica 46 (6): 1251–71. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/1913827
- Huang, J., X. Zheng, A. Wang, and X. Cai. 2019. “Convergence Analysis of China’s Energy Intensity at the Industrial Sector Level.” Environmental Science and Pollution Research 26:7730–42. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3994-7.
- Islam, N. 1995. “Growth Empirics: A Panel Data Approach.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics 110 (4): 1127–70. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/2946651
- Kim, J. U. 2001. “Empirics for Economic Growth and Convergence in Asian Economies: A Panel Data Approach.” Journal of Economic Development 26 (2): 49–59.
- Le Pen, Y., and B. Sévi. 2010. “On the Non-convergence of Energy Intensities: Evidence from A Pair-wise Econometric Approach.” Ecological Economics 69 (3): 641–50. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2009.10.001
- Liddle, B. 2009. “Electricity Intensity Convergence in IEA/OECD Countries: Aggregate and Sectoral Analysis.” Energy Policy 37 (4): 1470–78. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.12.006
- Lucas, R. 1988. “On the Mechanics of Economic Development.” Journal of Monetary Economics 22 (1): 3–42. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3932(88)90168-7
- Mankiw, N. G., D. Romer, and D. N. Weil. 1992. “A Contribution to the Empirics of Economic Growth.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics 107 (2): 407–37. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/2118477
- Markandya, A., S. Pedroso-Galinato, and D. Streimikiene. 2006. “Energy Intensity in Transition Economies: Is There Convergence Towards the EU Average?” Energy Economics 28 (1): 121–45. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2005.10.005
- Matkowski, Z., and M. Próchniak. 2007. “Economic Convergence between the CEE-8 and the European Union.” Eastern European Economics 45 (1): 59–76. doi:https://doi.org/10.2753/EEE0012-8775450103
- Miketa, A., and P. Mulder. 2005. “Energy Productivity across Developed and Developing Countries in 10 Manufacturing Sectors: Patterns of Growth and Convergence.” Energy Economics 27 (3): 429–53. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2005.01.004
- Mishra, A., and V. Mishra. 2017. “Re-examination of Convergence Hypothesis among Indian States in Panel Stationarity Testing Framework with Structural Breaks.” Applied Economics 50 (3): 268–86. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2017.1319559
- Mulder, P., and H. L. F. De Groot. 2007. “Sectoral Energy- and Labour-productivity Convergence.” Environmental and Resource Economics 36:85–112. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10640-006-9042-y.
- Mulder, P., and H. L. F. De Groot. 2012. “Structural Change and Convergence of Energy Intensity across OECD Countries, 1970–2005.” Energy Economics 34 (6): 1910–21. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2012.07.023
- Mulder, P., H. L. F. De Groot, and B. Pfeiffer. 2014. “Dynamics and Determinants of Energy Intensity in the Service Sector: A Cross-country Analysis, 1980–2005.” Ecological Economics 100:1–15. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2014.01.016.
- Nahar, S., and B. Inder. 2002. “Testing Convergence in Economic Growth for OECD Countries.” Applied Economics 34 (16): 2011–22. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00036840110117837
- Parker, S., and B. Liddle. 2017a. “Economy-wide and Manufacturing Energy Productivity Transition Paths and Club Convergence for OECD and Non-OECD Countries.” Energy Economics 62:338–46. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2016.07.018.
- Parker, S., and B. Liddle. 2017b. “Analysing Energy Productivity Dynamics in the OECD Manufacturing Sector.” Energy Economics 67:91–97. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2017.07.016.
- Pesaran, M. H. 2004. “General Diagnostic Tests for Cross Section Dependence in Panels.” Cambridge Working Papers in Economics, 0435.
- Pesaran, M. H. 2007. “A Simple Panel Unit Root Test in the Presence of Cross-section Dependence.” Journal of Applied Econometrics 22 (2): 265–312. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/jae.951
- Polanec, S. 2004. “Convergence at Last? Evidence from Transition Countries.” Eastern European Economics 42 (4): 55–80. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00128775.2004.11041081
- Prebisch, R. 1950. ““The Economic Development of Latin American and Its Principal Problems.” (Lake Success, NY: United Nations, Department of Economic Affairs).” Economic Bulletin for Latin America 7 (1962): 1–22.
- Romer, P. 1990. “Endogenous Technological Change.” Journal of Political Economy 98:71–102. doi: https://doi.org/10.1086/261725.
- Romer, P. M. 1986. “Increasing Returns and Long-run Growth.” Journal of Political Economy 94 (5): 1002–37. doi:https://doi.org/10.1086/261420
- Sala-i-martin, X. 1996. “The Classical Approach to Convergence Analysis.” The Economic Journal 106 (437): 1019–36. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/2235375
- Singer, H. W. 1950. “The Distribution of Gains between Investing and Borrowing Countries.” American Economic Review 40 (2): 473–85.
- Solow, R. M. 1956. “A Contribution to the Theory of Economic Growth.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics 70 (1): 65–94. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/1884513
- Tatoğlu, F. Y. 2012. Panel Veri Ekonometrisi. İstanbul: Beta Basım.
- Vamvakidis, A. 2007. “Convergence in Emerging Europe: Sustainability and Vulnerabilities.” Eastern European Economics 47 (3): 5–27. doi:https://doi.org/10.2753/EEE0012-8775470301
- Yu, Y., Y. Zhang, and F. Song. 2015. “World Energy Intensity Revisited: A Cluster Analysis.” Applied Economics Letters 22 (14): 1158–69. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2015.1013603
- Zhang, F. 2013. “The Energy Transition of the Transition Economies: An Empirical Analysis.” Energy Economics 40:679–86. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2013.09.001.