- Thucydides , The Peloponnesian War , trans. Rex Warner ( New York , 1954 ) Bk. 2, Ch. 4, p. 119 .
- Ibid. , Bk. 2, Ch. 6, p. 135 .
- Werner Jaeger , Paideia: The Ideals of Greek Culture , 3 vols. ( New York , 1945 ).
- ∗ Perhaps this feeling of awe and inspiration we derive from the Greeks has been most typically stated by Henri Berr, “all who have known Greece have prayed, in their fashion, on the Acropolis.”
- See T. G. Tucker , Life in Ancient Athens ( London , 1907 ).
- A. E. Taylor , Socrates: The Man and His Thought ( New York , 1953 ) pp. 118 – 119 .
- Arnold J. Toynbee , Hellenism: The History of a Civilization ( London , 1959 ) pp. 88 – 89 .
- E. A. Gardner , Ancient Athens ( New York , 1902 ), p. 279 .
- Jaeger, op. cit. I, 337.
- Will Durant , The Life of Greece ( New York 1939 ) p. 249 . Pericles granted every citizen two obols annually to defray their expenses. On the presumed consequences of idleness and corruption, see Plato's Gorgias, pp. 515–516.
- Work on the Erechthium did not begin until after 421 B.C., “the Peace of Nicias,” and continued until about 408 B.C. at the brink of the Athenian “Gotterdammerung.” Gardner, op. cit., p. 236.
- Jaeger, op. cit., I, 417.
- Jaeger, op. cit., I, (xxiii-xxv).
- A. Toynbee , A Study of History , Somervell abridgement ( New York , 1946 ) I, 110 – 111 .
- Gustave Glotz , Ancient Greece at Work ( New York , 1926 ) p. 98 .
- A. Toynbee , A Study of History , I, 90 .
- Thucydides, op. cit., Bk. 1, Ch. I, p. 14.
- A. Jardé , The Formation of the Greek People ( New York , 1926 ) pp. 145 – 158 .
- Ibid. , pp. 160 – 162 .
- A. Toynbee, Hellenism, op. cit., pp. 64–68.
- Jaeger, 1, 136ff.
- Herodotus , The Histories ( New York , 1954 ) Bk. 1, pp. 30 – 33 describes Solon's travels and wisdom .
- Aristotle , Constitution of Athens , Ch. 16.
- Glotz , Ancient Greece at Work , p. 260 .
- Jardé, op. cit., p. 318.
- Durant, op. cit., pp. 121–122.
- Glotz, op. cit., p. 146.
- Jardé, op. cit., pp. 165–166.
- Jaeger, op. cit., III, 263ff.
- This is the general theme of Toynbee's A Study of History.
- Toynbee , A Study of History , op. cit., I, 311 – 312 ; Herbert Muller, The Uses of the Past (New York 1953) affirms this judgment.
- Toynbee , Hellenism , op. cit., p. 103 . Be-grudgingly, Toynbee expresses his admiration for the superhuman bravery with which Athens staved off defeat for nine years at the hands of Sparta, Syracuse, practically the entire revengeful and opportunistic Hellenic world, now including the Persian imperium, 413–404 B.C.
- The sophist Antiphon was a native Athenian.
- He May have taught Pericles. See Plato, Phaedrus, Sec. 270. See also A. E. Taylor, op. cit.
- Plato, Phaedo, Sec. 96–100. Also Taylor, op. cit., pp. 37–88 for a discussion of Socrates' development.
- W. K. C. Guthrie , The Greek Philosophers From Thales to Aristotle ( New York , 1960 ) p. 71 .
- Thucydides, op. cit., Bk. 5, Ch. 7, p. 360.
- Plato, Republic, Bk. 8, pp. 555–562.
- Compare: “What's good for General Motors is good for this country,” Charles Wilson, c. 1953, U.S.A.
- Gustave Glotz , The Greek City and Its Institutions ( London , 1929 ) p. 312 .
- Glotz, The Greek City and Its Institutions attributes the degeneration of the Greek city to the rise and domination of an uncontrolled individualism.
- Euripides and Thucydides, in drama and history, also voiced their disMay at the living tragedy of contemporary Athenian history.
- Edith Hamilton , The Greek Way to Western Civilization ( New York , 1942 ) Ch. 15, elaborates this point nicely.
The Educational Forum
Volume 27, 1963 - Issue 3