784
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Divergences between effects on test scores and effects on non-cognitive skills

ORCID Icon
Pages 503-514 | Received 13 Sep 2018, Accepted 11 Jul 2019, Published online: 05 Aug 2019

References

  • Ackerman, P. L., & Heggestad, E. D. (1997). Intelligence, personality, and interests: Evidence for overlapping traits. Psychological Bulletin, 121(2), 219–245.
  • Angrist, J., Bettinger, E., Bloom, E., King, E., & Kremer, M. (2002). Vouchers for private schooling in Colombia: Evidence from a randomized natural experiment. American Economic Review, 92(5), 1535–1558.
  • Angrist, J. D., Cohodes, S. R., Dynarski, S. M., Pathak, P. A., & Walters, C. R. (2016). Stand and deliver: Effects of Boston’s charter high schools on college preparation, entry, and choice. Journal of Labor Economics, 34(2), 275–318.
  • Bettinger, E., & Slonim, R. (2006). Using experimental economics to measure the effects of a natural educational experiment on altruism. Journal of Public Economics, 90(8–9), 1625–1648.
  • Beuermann, D. W., & Jackson, C. K. (2018). Do parents know best? The short and long-run effects of attending the schools that parents prefer (NBER Working Paper No. 24920). Retrieved from http://www.nber.org/papers/w24920.
  • Borghans, L., Duckworth, A. L., Heckman, J. J., & Ter Weel, B. (2008). The economics and psychology of personality traits. Journal of Human Resources, 43(4), 972–1059.
  • Buchanan, J. M. (1991). Opportunity cost. In J. Eatwell, M. Milgate, & P. Newman (Eds.), The world of economics (pp. 520–525). London, UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Carroll, J. B. (1993). Human cognitive abilities: A survey of factor-analytic studies. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  • Cheng, A., & Zamarro, G. (2018). Measuring teacher non-cognitive skills and its impact on students: Insight from the measures of effective teaching longitudinal database. Economics of Education Review, 64(C), 251–260.
  • Chetty, R., Friedman, J. N., & Rockoff, J. E. (2014). Measuring the impacts of teachers II: Teacher value-added and student outcomes in adulthood. American Economic Review, 104(9), 2633–2679.
  • Chingos, M. M., & Peterson, P. E. (2015). Experimentally estimated impacts of school vouchers on college enrollment and degree attainment. Journal of Public Economics, 122, 1–12.
  • Cowen, J. M., Fleming, D. J., Witte, J. F., Wolf, P. J., & Kisida, B. (2013). School vouchers and student attainment: Evidence from a state‐mandated study of Milwaukee’s parental choice program. Policy Studies Journal, 41(1), 147–168.
  • Cunha, F., & Heckman, J. J. (2008). Formulating, identifying and estimating the technology of cognitive and noncognitive skill formation. Journal of Human Resources, 43(4), 738–782.
  • DeAngelis, C. A. (2017). Do self-interested schooling selections improve society? A review of the evidence. Journal of School Choice, 11(4), 546–558.
  • DeAngelis, C. A. (2019a). Does private schooling affect international test scores? Evidence from a natural experiment. School Effectiveness and School Improvement. Advance online publication. doi:10.1080/09243453.2019.1614072
  • DeAngelis, C. A. (2019b). Does private schooling affect non-cognitive skills? International evidence based on test and survey effort on PISA. Social Science Quarterly. Advance online publication. doi:10.1111/ssqu.12702
  • DeAngelis, C. A., & Shakeel, M. D. (2018). Private schooling promotes political and economic freedom? An international fixed effects instrumental variables analysis. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 29(2), 225–241.
  • DeAngelis, C. A., & Wolf, P. J. (2019a). Private school choice and crime: Evidence from Milwaukee. Social Science Quarterly. Advance online publication. doi:10.1111/ssqu.12698
  • DeAngelis, C. A., & Wolf, P. J. (2019b). Private school choice and character: More evidence from Milwaukee (EDRE Working Paper No. 2019-03). Fayetteville, AR: University of Arkansas.
  • Dewey, J. (1916). Democracy and education. New York, NY: The Macmillan Company.
  • Dobbie, W. S., & Fryer, R. G., Jr (2016). Charter schools and labor market outcomes (National Bureau of Economic Research No. w22502). Retrieved from http://www.nber.org/papers/w22502.
  • Eren, O., Lovenheim, M. F., & Mocan, N. H. (2018). The effect of grade retention on adult crime: Evidence from a test-based promotion policy (National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper No. w25384). Retrieved from https://www.nber.org/papers/w25384.
  • Fleming, D. J., Mitchell, W., & McNally, M. (2014). Can markets make citizens? School vouchers, political tolerance, and civic engagement. Journal of School Choice, 8(2), 213–236.
  • Foreman, L. M. (2017). Educational attainment effects of public and private school choice. Journal of School Choice, 11(4), 642–654.
  • Garcia, E. (2016). The need to address non-cognitive skills in the education policy agenda. In Khine & Areepatamannil (Ed.), Non-cognitive skills and factors in educational attainment (pp. 31–64). Rotterdam, NL: SensePublishers.
  • Gershenson, S. (2016). Linking teacher quality, student attendance, and student achievement. Education Finance and Policy, 11(2), 125–149.
  • Green, F. (2011). What is skill? An inter-disciplinary synthesis (Centre for Learning and Life Changes in Knowledge Economies and Societies). Retrieved from http://www.llakes.ac.uk/sites/default/files/Green%20-%20What%20is%20Skill%20-%20final.pdf.
  • Greene, J. P. (2016). Evidence for the disconnect between changing test scores and changing later life outcomes. Education Next. Retrieved from http://educationnext.org/evidence-for-the-disconnect-between-changing-test-scores-and-changing-later-life-outcomes/.
  • Gutman, L. M., & Schoon, I. (2013). The impact of non-cognitive skills on outcomes for young people. Education Endowment Foundation. Retrieved from https://v1.educationendowmentfoundation.org.uk/uploads/pdf/Non-cognitive_skills_literature_review_1.pdf
  • Hanushek, E. A. (2013). Economic growth in developing countries: The role of human capital. Economics of Education Review, 37, 204–212.
  • Hanushek, E. A., & Woessmann, L. (2008). The role of cognitive skills in economic development. Journal of Economic Literature, 46(3), 607–668.
  • Heller-Sahlgren, G. (2018). Smart but unhappy: Independent-school competition and the wellbeing-efficiency trade-off in education. Economics of Education Review, 62, 66–81.
  • Hitt, C., McShane, M. Q., & Wolf, P. J. (2018). Do impacts on test scores even matter? Lessons from long-run outcomes in school choice research. American Enterprise Institute. Retrieved from https://www.aei.org/publication/do-impacts-on-test-scores-even-matter-lessons-from-long-run-outcomes-in-school-choice-research/.
  • Jackson, C. K. (2018). What do test scores miss? The importance of teacher effects on non–Test score outcomes. Journal of Political Economy, 126(5), 2072–2107.
  • Jennings, J. L., & DiPrete, T. A. (2010). Teacher effects on social and behavioral skills in early elementary school. Sociology of Education, 83(2), 135–159.
  • Kautz, T., Heckman, J. J., Diris, R., Ter Weel, B., & Borghans, L. (2014). Fostering and measuring skills: Improving cognitive and non-cognitive skills to promote lifetime success (No. w20749). National Bureau of Economic Research. Retrieved from https://www.nber.org/papers/w20749.
  • Kraft, M. A. (2017). Teacher effects on complex cognitive skills and social-emotional competencies. Journal of Human Resources, Retrieved from http://jhr.uwpress.org/content/early/2017/09/01/jhr.54.1.0916.8265R3.abstract
  • Mann, H. (1855). Lectures on education. Boston, MA: WB Fowle and N. Capen.
  • Mills, J., Cheng, A., Hitt, C., Wolf, P., & Greene, J. (2016). Measures of student non-cognitive skills and political tolerance after two years of the Louisiana scholarship program (Louisiana Scholarship Program Evaluation Report #2). Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2738782.
  • Mills, J. N., & Wolf, P. J. (2017). Vouchers in the bayou: The effects of the Louisiana scholarship program on student achievement after 2 years. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 39(3), 464–484.
  • Pierre, G., Sanchez Puerta, M. L., Valerio, A., & Rajadel, T. (2014). STEP skills measurement surveys: Innovative tools for assessing skills. Retrieved from http://documentos.bancomundial.org/curated/es/516741468178736065/pdf/897290NWP0P132085290B00PUBLIC001421.pdf
  • Raven, J., Raven, J. C., & Court, J. (1988). Manual for Raven’s progressive matrices and vocabulary scales. San Antonio, TX: Harcourt Assessment.
  • Roberts, R. D., Goff, G. N., Anjoul, F., Kyllonen, P. C., Pallier, G., & Stankov, L. (2000). The armed services vocational aptitude battery (ASVAB): Little more than acculturated learning (Gc)!? Learning and Individual Differences, 12(1), 81–103.
  • Rothstein, R., Jacobsen, R., & Wilder, T. (2008). Grading education: Getting accountability right. New York, NY: Economic Policy Institute and Teachers College Press.
  • Rouse, C. E. (1998). Private school vouchers and student achievement: An evaluation of the Milwaukee parental choice program. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 113(2), 553–602.
  • Rush, B. (1786). Thoughts upon the mode of education proper in a republic. In F. Rudolph (Ed..), Essays on education in the early republic. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 1968.
  • Shakeel, M., Anderson, K., & Wolf, P. (2016). The participant effects of private school vouchers across the globe: A meta-analytic and systematic review (EDRE Working Paper No. 2016-07). Fayetteville, AR: University of Arkansas.
  • Tuttle, C. C., Gleason, P., Knechtel, V., Nichols-Barrer, I., Booker, K., Chojnacki, G., … Goble, L. (2015). Understanding the effect of KIPP as it scales: Volume I, impacts on achievement and other outcomes (Mathematica Policy Research. Final report of KIPP’s Investing in Innovation grant evaluation). Retrieved from https://ideas.repec.org/p/mpr/mprres/7d8e94c5e77a4a9c8bf09000d6cc4456.html.
  • Wieser, F. V. (1914/1967). Social economics. New York: Augustus M. Kelley.
  • Wolf, P., Peterson, P. E., & West, M. (2001). Results of a school voucher experiment: The case of Washington, DC after two years (KSG Working Paper No. RWP02-022). Retrieved from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=313822.
  • Wolf, P., Witte, J., & Kisida, B. (2018). Do voucher students attain higher levels of education? Extended evidence from the Milwaukee parental choice program (Urban Institute Research Report). Retrieved from https://www.urban.org/research/publication/do-voucher-students-attain-higher-levels-education/view/full_report.
  • Wolf, P. J. (2007). Civics exam. Education Next, 7(3), 66–72.
  • Wolf, P. J., Kisida, B., Gutmann, B., Puma, M., Eissa, N., & Rizzo, L. (2013). School vouchers and student outcomes: Experimental evidence from Washington, DC. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 32(2), 246–270.
  • Zhou, K. (2017). Non‐cognitive skills: Potential candidates for global measurement. European Journal of Education, 52(4), 487–497.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.