2,385
Views
296
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric

References

  • AMONTONS , M. 1699 . De la resistance causée dans les machines . Histoire de L'Académie Royale des Sciences , 266
  • ANDERSON , R. and LAGERLÖF , E. 1983 . Accident data in the new Swedish information system on occupational injuries . Ergonomics , 26 : 33 – 42 .
  • ANDRIACCHI , T. P. , ANDERSSON , G. B. J. , FERMIER , R. W. , STERN , D. and GALANTE , J. O. 1980 . A study of lower-limb mechanics during stair climbing . Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery , 62-A : 749 – 757 .
  • BRADY , R. A. , PAVOL , M. J. , OWINGS , T. M. and GRABINER , M. D. 2000 . Foot displacement but not velocity predicts the outcome of a slip induced in young subjects while walking . Journal of Biomechanics , 33 : 803 – 808 .
  • BUCZEK , F. L. and BANKS , S. A. 1996 . High-resolution force plate analysis of utilised slip resistance in human walking . Journal of Testing and Evaluation , 24 : 353 – 358 .
  • BUCZEK , F. L. , CAVANAGH , P. R. , KULAKOWSKI , B. T. and PRADHAN , P. 1990 . Slip resistance needs of the mobility disabled during level and grade walking, Slips, Stumbles, and Falls: Pedestrian Footwear and Surfaces , ASTM STP 1103 Edited by: Everett , Gray B. 39 – 54 . Philadelphia , PA : ASTM .
  • CHAM , R. and REDFERN , M. S. 2001a . Changes in gait biomechanics when anticipating slippery floors . Gait and Posture , in press
  • CHAM , R. and REDFERN , M. S. 2001b . Load carrying and gait affecting slip potential . International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. , Accepted with revisions
  • CHAM , R. and REDFERN , M. S. 2001c . Heel contact dynamics during slip events on level and inclined surfaces . Safety Science , in press
  • CHAM , R. and REDFERN , M. S. 2001d . Lower extremity corrective reactions to slip events . Journal of Biomechanics , 34 ( 11 ) : 1439 – 1445 .
  • CHANG , W.-R. , KIM , I.-J. , MANNING , D. and BUNTERNGCHIT , Y. 2001a . The role of surface roughness in the measurement of slipperiness . Ergonomics , 44 : 1200 – 1216 .
  • CHANG , W.-R. , GRÖNQVIST , R. , LECLERCQ , S. , MYUNG , R. , MAKKONEN , L. , STRANDBERG , L. , BRUNGRABER , R. , MATTKE , U. and THORPE , S. 2001b . The role of friction in the measurement of slipperiness, Part 1: Friction mechanisms and definition of test conditions . Ergonomics , 44 : 1217 – 1232 .
  • COULOMB , C. A. 1781 . Theory of simple machines . Memoire de L'Académie Royale des Sciences , 10 : 161
  • COURTNEY , T. K. , SOROCK , G. S. , MANNING , D. P. , COLLINS , J. W. and HOLBEIN-JENNY , M. A. 2001 . Occupational slip, trip, and fall-related injuries-can the contribution of slipperiness be isolated? . Ergonomics , 44 : 1118 – 1137 .
  • GIELO-PERCZAK , K. , WINTER , D. A. and PATLA , A. E. Analysis of the combined effects of stiffness and damping of body system on the strategy of the control during quiet standing . Proceedings of the XVIIth Congress of the International Society of Biomechanics . August , Calgary , Canada. pp. 8 – 13 .
  • GRIEVE , D. W. 1983 . Slipping due to manual exertion . Ergonomics , 26 : 61 – 72 .
  • GRÖNQVIST , R. 1999 . “ Slips and falls ” . In Biomechanics is Ergonomics , Edited by: Kumar , in S. 351 – 375 . London : Taylor Francis .
  • GRÖNQVIST , R. , HIRVONEN , M. and TUUSA , A. 1993 . Slipperiness of the shoe-floor interface: comparison of objective and subjective assessments . Applied Ergonomics , 24 : 258 – 262 .
  • GRÖNQVIST , R. , ROINE , J. , JÄRVINEN , E. and KORHONEN , E. 1989 . An apparatus and a method for determining the slip resistance of shoes and floors by simulation of human foot motions . Ergonomics , 32 : 979 – 995 .
  • GRÖNQVIST , R. , CHANG , W. R. , COURTNEY , T. K. , LEAMON , T. B. , REDFERN , M. S. and STRANDBERG , L. 2001a . Measurement of slipperiness: fundamental concepts and definitions . Ergonomics , 44 : 1102 – 1117 .
  • GRÖNQVIST , R. , ABEYSEKERA , J. , GARD , G. , HSIANG , S. M. , LEAMON , T. B. , NEWMAN , D. J. , GIELO-PERCZAK , K. , LOCKHART , T. E. and PAI , Y.-C. 2001b . Human-centred approaches in slipperiness measurement . Ergonomics , 44 : 1167 – 1199 .
  • HANSON , J. P. , REDFERN , M. S. and MAZUMDAR , M. 1999 . Predicting slips and falls considering required and available friction . Ergonomics , 42 : 1619 – 1633 .
  • HASLAM , R. A. and BENTLEY , T. A. 1999 . Follow-up investigations of slip, trip and fall accidents among postal delivery workers . Safety Science , 32 : 33 – 47 .
  • HORAK , F. B. 1992 . “ Effects of neurological disorders on postural movement strategies in the elderly ” . In Falls, Balance and Gait Disorders in the Elderly , Edited by: Vellas , B. , Toupet , M. , Rubenstein , L. , Albarede , J. L. and Christen , Y. 137 – 151 . Paris : Elsevier .
  • HORAK , F. B. and NASHNER , L. M. 1986 . Central programming of postural movements: adaptation to altered support-surface configurations . Journal of Neurophysiology , 55 : 1369 – 1381 .
  • HSIAO , E. T. and ROBINOVITCH , S. N. 1999 . Biomechanical influences on balance recovery by stepping . Journal of Biomechanics , 32 : 1099 – 1106 .
  • JAMES , D. 1980 . A broader look at pedestrian friction . Rubber Chemistry and Technology; , 53 : 512 – 541 .
  • JAMES , D. I. 1983 . Rubbers and plastics in shoes and flooring: the importance of kinetic friction . Ergonomics , 26 : 83 – 99 .
  • LANSHAMMAR , H. and STRANDBERG , L. Horizontal floor reactions and heel movements during the initial stance phase . Eighth International Congress of Biomechanics . July , Nagoya , Japan.
  • LEAMON , T. B. and Li , K. W. Microslip length and the perception of slipping . 23rd International Congress on Occupational Health . September , Montreal , Canada.
  • LEAMON , T. B. and MURPHY , P. L. 1995 . Occupational slips and falls: more than a trivial problem . Ergonomics , 38 : 487 – 498 .
  • LEAMON , T. B. and SON , D. H. The natural history of a microslip . Advances in Industrial Ergonomics and Safety I, Proceedings of the Annual International Industrial Ergonomics and Safety Conference . Edited by: Mitai , A. pp. 633 – 638 . London : Taylor Francis .
  • LLOYD , D. G. and STEVENSON , M. G. 1992 . Investigation of floor surface profile characteristics that will reduce the incidence of slips and falls , 99 – 104 . Australia : Mechanical Engineering Transaction Institution of Engineers . ME17
  • LOVE , A. C. and BLOSWICK , D. S. Slips and falls during manual handling activities . Proceedings of the 21st Annual Meeting of the Human Factors Society of Canada . September , Edmonton, Alberta . pp. 133 – 135 .
  • MAKI , B. E. and MCILROY , W. E. 1997 . The role of limb movements in maintaining upright stance: the ‘change-in-support’ strategy . Physical Therapy , 77 : 488 – 507 .
  • MANNING , D. P. and SHANNON , H. S. 1981 . Slipping accidents causing low-back pain in a gearbox factory . Spine , 6 ( 1 ) : 70 – 72 .
  • MARPET , M. I. 1996 . On threshold values that separate pedestrian walkways that are slip resistant from those that are not . Journal of Forensic Sciences , 41 : 747 – 755 .
  • McFAYDEN , B. J. and WINDER , D. A. 1988 . An integrated biomechanical analysis of normal stair ascent and descent . Journal of Biomechanics , 21 : 733 – 744 .
  • McVAY , E. J. and REDFERN , M. S. 1994 . Rampway safety: foot forces as a function of rampway angle . American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal , 55 : 626 – 634 .
  • MORACH , B. 1993 . Quantifierung des Ausgleitvorganges beim menschlichen Gang unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Aufsetzphases des Fusses . Fachbereich Sicherheitstechnik der Bergischen Universität- Gesamthochschule Wuppertal, Wuppertal , in German
  • MURRAY , M. P. , KORY , R. C. , CLARKSON , B. H. and SEPIC , S. B. 1967 . Comparison of free and fast speed walking patterns of normal men . American Journal of Physical Medicine , 45 ( 1 ) : 8 – 24 .
  • MYUNG , R. and SMITH , J. L. 1997 . The effect of load carrying and floor contaminants on slip and fall parameters . Ergonomics , 40 : 235 – 246 .
  • PAI , Y.-C. and IQBAL , K. 1999 . Simulated movement termination for balance recovery: can movement strategies be sought to maintain stability even in the presence of slipping or forced sliding? . Journal of Biomechanics , 32 : 779 – 786 .
  • PATLA , A. E. 1993 . “ Age-related changes in visually guided locomotion over different terrains: major issues ” . In Sensorimotor Impairment in the Elderly , Edited by: Stelmach , G. E. H. 231 – 252 . Dordrecht : Kluwer .
  • PERKINS , P. J. 1978 . “ Measurement of slip between the shoe and ground during walking ” . In Walkway Surfaces: Measurement of Slip Resistance , ASTM STP 649 Philadelphia , PA
  • PERKINS , P. J. and WILSON , M. P. 1983 . Slip resistance testing of shoes-New developments . Ergonomics , 26 : 73 – 82 .
  • POWERS , C. M. , PERRY , J. , HSU , A. and HISLOP , H. J. 1997 . Are patellofemoral pain and quadriceps femoris muscle torque associated with locomotor function? . Physical Therapy , 77 : 1063 – 1075 .
  • PROCTOR , T. and COLEMAN , V. 1988 . Slipping, tripping and falling accidents in Great Britain—present and future . Journal of Occupational Accidents , 9 : 269 – 285 .
  • REDFERN , M. S. and ANDRES , R. O. The analysis of dynamic pushing and pulling: required coefficients of friction . Proceedings of an International Conference on Occupational Ergonomics . May 7–9 , Toronto, Ontario . pp. 569 – 571 .
  • REDFERN , M. S. and BIDANDA , B. 1994 . Slip resistance of the shoe-floor interface under biomechanically relevant conditions . Ergonomics , 37 : 511 – 524 .
  • REDFERN , M. S. and DIPASQUALE , J. D. 1997 . Biomechanics of descending ramps . Gait and Posture , 6 : 119 – 125 .
  • RHOADES , T. P. and MILLER , J. M. Measurement and comparison of ‘Required’ versus ‘Available’ slip resistance . Proceedings of the 21st Annual Meeting of the Human Factors Society of Canada . September , Edmonton, Alberta . pp. 14 – 16 .
  • RICE , D. P. and MACKENZIE , E. J. 1989 . Cost of Injury in the US: A Report to Congress , (San Francisco , CA : Institute of Health and Aging, University of California/John Hopkins University Press .
  • SALSICH , G. B. , BRECHTER , J. H. and POWERS , C. M. in press, Lower extremity kinetics during stair ambulation in subjects with and without patellofemoral pain . Clinical Biomechanics ,
  • STRANDBERG , L. 1983 . On accident analysis and slip-resistance measurement . Ergonomics , 26 : 11 – 32 .
  • STRANDBERG , L. and LANSHAMMAR , H. 1981 . The dynamics of slipping accidents . Journal of Occupational Accidents , 3 : 153 – 162 .
  • SUN , J. , WALTERS , M. , SVENSSON , N. and LLOYD , D. 1996 . The influence of surface slope on human gait characteristics: a study of urban pedestrians walking on an inclined surface . Ergonomics , 39 : 677 – 692 .
  • TANG , P.-F. , WOOLLACOTT , M. H. and CHONG , R. K. Y. 1998 . Control of reactive balance adjustments in perturbed human walking: roles of proximal and distal postural muscle activity . Experimental Brain Research , 119 : 141 – 152 .
  • TROUP , D. G. , MARTIN , J. W. and LLOYD , D. C. 1981 . Back pain in industry, a prospectve survey . Spine , 6 ( 1 ) : 61 – 69 .
  • US DEPARTMENT OF LABOR, BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS . 1997 . National Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, 1996, USDL 97-266 , (Washington, DC : US Government Printing Office) .
  • US DEPARTMENT OF LABOR, BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS . 1998 . Lost-worktime Injuries and Illnesses: Characteristics and Resulting Time Away from Work, 1996, USDL 98-157 , Washington, DC : US Government Printing Office .
  • WHITTLE , M. W. 1999 . Generation and attenuation of transient impulsive forces beneath the foot a review; . Gait and Posture , 10 : 264 – 275 .
  • WILSON , M. P. 1990 . Development of SATRA slip test and tread pattern design guidelines, Slips, Stumbles, and Falls: Pedestrian Footwear and Surfaces , ASTM STP 1103 Philadelphia , PA : ASTM .
  • WINTER , D. A. 1991 . The Biomechanics and Motor Control of Human Gait: Normal, Elderly and Pathological , 2nd edn , Waterloo, Ontario : University of Waterloo Press .
  • WINTER , D. A. 1995 . ABC (Anatomy, Biomechanics and Control) of Balance During Standing and Walking , Waterloo, Ontario : Waterloo Biomechanics .
  • WINTER , D. A. , Patla , A. E. , PRINCE , F. , ISHAC , M. G. and GIELO-PERCZAK , K. 1998 . Stiffness control of balance in quiet standing . Journal of Neurophysiology , 80 : 1211 – 1221 .
  • WOOLLACOTT , M. H. and TANG , P.-F. 1997 . Balance control during walking in the older adult: research and its implications . Physical Therapy , 77 : 646 – 660 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.