84
Views
41
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

What role should the concept of risk play in theories of accident involvement?

Pages 469-484 | Received 18 Mar 1987, Published online: 30 May 2007

References

  • ADAMS, J. G. U., 1983. Public safety legislation and the risk compensation hypothesis the example of motorcycle helmet legislation, Environment and Planning C Government and Policy 1 (1983), pp. 193–203.
  • BROWN, I. D., 1982. "Driver behaviour". In: Pedestrian Accidents. Chichester: Wiley; 1982, Edited by A. J. CHAPMAN, F. M. WADE and H. C. FOOT.
  • BROWN, I. D., and POULTON, E. C., 1961. Measuring the spare ‘mental capacity” of car drivers by a subsidiary task, Ergonomics 4 (1961), pp. 35–40.
  • CHAPANIS, A., and LINDENBAUM, L., 1959. A reaction time study of four control-display linkages, Human Factors 1 (1959), pp. 1–7.
  • CLEMENT, R., and JONAH, B. A., 1984. Field dependence, sensation seeking and driving behaviour, Personality and Individual Differences 5 (1984), pp. 87–93.
  • CONYBEARE, J. A. C., 1980. Evolution of automobile safety regulation the case of compulsory seat belt legislation in Australia, Policy Sciences 12 (1980), pp. 27–39.
  • DENTON, G. G., 1980. The influence of visual pattern on perceived speed, Perception 9 (1980), pp. 393–402.
  • EDELBERG, R., 1972. "Electrical activity of the skin its measurement and uses in psycho-physiology". In: Handbook of Psychophysiology. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston; 1972, Edited by N. S. GREENFIELD and R. A. STERNBACH.
  • EVANS, L., 1986a. Risk homeostasis theory and traffic accident data, Risk Analysis 6 (1986a), pp. 81–94.
  • EVANS, L., 1986 b. Comments on Wilde's notes on ‘Risk homeostasis theory and traffic accident data, Risk Analysis 6 (1986 b), pp. 103–107.
  • EVANS, L., and HERMAN, R., 1976. Note on driver adaptation to modified vehicle starting acceleration, Human Factors 18 (1976), pp. 235–240.
  • EVANS, L., WASIELEWSKI, P., and VON BUSECK, C. R., 1982. Compulsory seat belt usage and driver risk-taking behaviour, Human Factors 24 (1982), pp. 41–48.
  • FISCHHOFF, B., WATSON, S. R., and HOPE, C., 1984. Defining risk, Policy Sciences 17 (1984), pp. 123–139.
  • GRAHAM, J. D., 1984. Technology, behaviour and safety an empirical study of automobile occupant protection regulation, Policy Sciences 17 (1984), pp. 141–151.
  • HEDLUND, J., 1985. "Recent United States traffic fatality trends". In: Human Behaviour and Traffic Safety. New York: Plenum Press; 1985, Edited by L. EVANS and R..C. SCHWING.
  • HELANDER, M., 1978. Applicability of drivers' electrodermal response to the design of the traffic environment, Journal of Applied Psychology 63 (1978), pp. 481–488.
  • HELLIAR-SYMONS, R. D., 1981. Yellow bar experimental carriageway markings-accident study, Transport and Road Research Laboratory, Crowthorne, U.K. Report 1010 (1981).
  • JOKSCH, H. C., 1976. Critique of Sam Peltzman's study the effects of automobile safety regulation, Accident Analysis and Prevention 8 (1976), pp. 129–137.
  • KOSHI, M., 1985. "Road safety measures in Japan". In: Human Behavior and Traffic Safety. New York: Plenum Press; 1985, Edited by L. EVANS and R. C. SCHWING.
  • KUNREUTHER, H., GINSBERG, R., MILLER, L., SAGI, P., SLOVIC, P., BORKIN, B., and KATZ, N., 1978. Disaster Insurance Protection Public Policy Lessons. New York: Wiley-Interscience; 1978.
  • LINDHOLM, E., and CHEATHAM, C. M., 1983. Autonomic activity and workload during learning of a simulated aircraft carrier landing task, Aviation Space and Environmental Medicine 54 (1983), pp. 435–439.
  • LINDGREN, B., and STUART, C., 1980. The effects of traffic safety regulation in Sweden, Journal of Political Economy 88 (1980), pp. 412–427.
  • LUND, A. FC., and ZADOR, P., 1984. Mandatory belt use and driver risk taking, Risk Analysis 4 (1984), pp. 41–53.
  • MCKENNA, F. P., 1982. The human factor in driving accidents an overview of approaches and problems, Ergonomics 25 (1982), pp. 867–877.
  • MCKENNA, F. P., 1984. Assimilation and contrast in perceptual judgments, Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 36A (1984), pp. 531–548.
  • MCKENNA, F. P., 1985 a. Do safety measures really work? An examination of risk homeostasis theory, Ergonomics 28 (1985 a), pp. 489–498.
  • MCKENNA, F. P., 1985 b. Another look at the ‘New Psychophysics, British Journal of Psychology 76 (1985 b), pp. 97–109.
  • MCKENNA, F. P., 1985 C. Modifying the gestalt factor of proximity theories compared, Perception 14 (1985 C), pp. 359–366.
  • MCKENNA, F. P., 1985 d. "Comments on ‘Risk homeostasis in an experimental context". In: Human Behavior and Traffic Safety. New York: Plenum Press; 1985 d, Edited by L. EVANS and R. C. SCHWING.
  • MCMORROW, M. J., and Foxx, R. M., 1983. Nicotine's role in smoking an analysis of nicotine regulation, Psychological Bulletin 93 (1983), pp. 302–327.
  • O'NEILL, B., LUND, A. K., and ZADOR, P. A., 1985. "Mandatory belt use and driver risk taking an empirical evaluation of the risk-compensation hypothesis". In: Human Behavior and Traffic Safety. New York: Plenum Press; 1985, Edited by L. EVANS and R. C. SCHWING.
  • PELTZMAN, S., 1975. The effects of automobile safety regulation, Journal of Political Economy 83 (1975), pp. 677–725.
  • ROBERTSON, L. S., 1984. Automobile safety regulation rebuttal and new data, American Journal of Public Health 74 (1984), pp. 1390–1394.
  • RUMAR, K., BERGGRUND, U., JERNBERG, P., and YTTERBOM, U., 1976. Driver reaction to a technical measure-studded tyres, Human Factors 18 (1976), pp. 433–454.
  • RUSSELL, M. A. H., 1974. Realistic goals for smoking and health a case for safer smoking, Lancet 1 (1974), pp. 254–258.
  • RUSSELL, M. A. H., 1976. Low-tar medium nicotine cigarettes a new approach to safer smoking, British MedicalJournal 1 (1976), pp. 1430–1433.
  • RUTHERFORD, W. H., GREENFIELD, A., HAYES, H. R. M., and NELSON, J. K., 1985. "The medical effects of seat belt legislation in the United Kingdom". In: Department of-Health and Social Security, Research Report No. 13. 1985.
  • SALUSJARVI, M., 1980. The experiments with recommended and compulsory speed limits in Finland during 1969-1976, International Review of Applied Psychology 29 (1980), pp. 517–528.
  • SCHMIDT, F., and TIFFIN, J., 1969. Distortion of drivers' estimates of automobile speed as a function of speed adaptation, Journal of Applied Psychology 53 (1969), pp. 536–539.
  • SHANNON, H. S., 1986. Road accident data interpreting the British experience with particular reference to risk homeostasis theory, Ergonomics 29 (1986), pp. 1005–1015.
  • SHINAR, D., 1984. Actual versus estimated night-time pedestrian visibility, Ergonomics 27 (1984), pp. 863–871.
  • SHORT, M.S., WOELFL, G. A., and CHANG, C., 1982. Effects of traffic signal installation on accidents, Accident Analysis and Prevention 14 (1982), pp. 135–145.
  • SLOVIC, P., FISCHHOFF, B., and LICHTENSTEIN, S., 1982. "Facts versus fears understanding perceived risk". In: Judgment Under Uncertainty Heuristics and Biases. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 1982, Edited by D. KAHNEMAN, P. SLOVIC and A. TVERSKY.
  • SLOVIC, P., FISCHHOFF, B., and LICHTENSTEIN, S., 1984. Behavioural decision theory perspectives on risk and safety, Acta Psychologica 56 (1984), pp. 183–203.
  • SLOVIC, P., FISCHHOFF, B., LICHTENSTEIN, S., CORRIGAN, B., and COOMBS, B., 1977. Preference for insuring against probable small losses insurance implications, Journal of Risk and Insurance 44 (1977), pp. 237–258.
  • SUMMALA, H., 1985. "Modeling driver behaviour a pessimistic prediction". In: Human Behavior and Traffic Safety. New York: Plenum Press; 1985, Edited by L. EVANS and R. C. SCHWING.
  • SVENSON, O., 1981. Are we all less risky and more skilful than our fellow drivers, Acta Psychologica 47 (1981), pp. 143–148.
  • TAYLOR, D. M., 1964. Drivers' galvanic skin response and the risk of accident, Ergonomics 7 (1964), pp. 439–451.
  • VAN HOUTEN, R., ROLIDER, A., NAU, P. A., FRIEDMAN, R., BECKER, M., CHALODOVSKY, I., and SCHERER, M., 1985. Large-scale reductions in speeding and accidents in Canada and Israel a behavioural ecological perspective, Journal of Applied Behaviour Analysis 18 (1985), pp. 87–93.
  • WALD, N., HOWARD, S., SMITH, P. G., and KJELDSEN, K., 1973. Association between atherosclerotic diseases and carboxyhaemoglobin levels in tobacco smokers, British Medical Journal 1 (1973), pp. 761–765.
  • WATSON, G. S., ZADOR, P. L., and WILKS, A., 1980. The repeal of helmet use laws and increased motorcyclist mortality in the United States |y1975-1978, American Journal of Public Health 70 (1980), pp. 579–585.
  • WILDE, G. J. S., 1976. Social interaction patterns in driver behaviour an introductory review, Human Factors 18 (1976), pp. 477–192.
  • WILDE, G. J. S., 1981. "Objective and subjective risk in drivers' response to road conditions the implications of the theory of risk homeostasis for accident aetiology and prevention". In: Paper presented at the Seminar on the Implications of Risk Taking Theories for Traffic Safety. West Berlin. 1981.
  • WILDE, G. J. S., 1982 a. The theory of risk homeostasis implications for safety and health, Risk Analysis 2 (1982 a), pp. 209–225.
  • WILDE, G. J. S., 1982 b. Critical issues in risk homeostasis theory, Risk Analysis 2 (1982 b), pp. 249–258.
  • WILDE, G. J. S., 1984. Evidence refuting the theory of risk homeostasis? A rejoinder to Frank P. McKenna, Ergonomics 27 (1984), pp. 297–304.
  • WILDE, G. J. S., 1986. Notes on the interpretation of traffic accident data and of risk homeostasis theory a reply to L. Evans, Risk Analysis 6 (1986), pp. 95–101.
  • WILDE, G. J. S., in press a, Beyond the principle of risk homeostasis suggestions for research and application for the prevention of accidents and lifestyle-related disease, Accident Analysis and Prevention.
  • WILDE, G. J. S., in press b, Road accident data and risk homeostasis theory a rejoinder to Harry S. Shannon, Ergonomics.
  • WILDE, G. J. S., CLAXTON-OLDFIELD, S. P., and PLATENIUS, P. H., 1985. "Risk homeostasis in an experimental context". In: Human Behaviour and Traffic Safety. New York: Plenum Press; 1985, Edited by L. EVANS and R. C. SCHWING.
  • WILSON, W. T., and ANDERSON, J. M., 1980. The effects of tyre type on driving speed and presumed risk taking, Ergonomics 23 (1980), pp. 223–235.
  • WRIGGLESWORTH, E. W., 1976. Occupational injuries an exploratory analysis of successful Australian strategies, Medical Journal of Australia 1 (1976), pp. 335–339.
  • ZUCKERMAN, M., and NEEB, M., 1980. Demographic influences in sensation-seeking and expressions of sensation-seeking in religion, smoking and driving habits, Personality and Individual Differences 1 (1980), pp. 197–206.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.