Gender differences in hand stability of normal young people assessed at low force levels

References

• Beuter , A. , Edwards , R. and Boucher , A. 2000 . Physiological tremor: does handedness make a difference? . The International Journal of Neuroscience , 101 ( 1–4 ) : 9 – 19 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bilodeau , M. 2009 . Muscle activation characteristics associated with differences in physiological tremor amplitude between the dominant and non-dominant hand . Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology , 19 ( 1 ) : 131 – 138 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blackburn , J.T. 2004 . Sex comparison of extensibility, passive, and active stiffness of the knee flexors . Clinical Biomechanics , 19 ( 1 ) : 36 – 43 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blackburn , J.T. 2006 . Comparison of triceps surae structural stiffness and material modulus across sex . Clinical Biomechanics , 21 ( 2 ) : 159 – 167 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blackburn , J.T. 2009 . Comparison of hamstring neuromechanical properties between healthy males and females and the influence of musculotendinous stiffness . Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology , 19 ( 5 ) : e362 – e369 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bryden , P. J. and Roy , E. A. 2005 . A new method of administering the Grooved Pegboard Test: performance as a function of handedness and sex . Brain and Cognition , 58 ( 3 ) : 258 – 268 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christakos , C. N. , Papadimitriou , N. A. and Erimaki , S. 2006 . Parallel neuronal mechanisms underlying physiological force tremor in steady muscle contractions of humans . Journal of Neurophysiology , 95 ( 1 ) : 53 – 66 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cole , K. J. and Johansson , R. S. 1993 . Friction at the digit-object interface scales the sensorimotor transformation for grip responses to pulling loads . Experimental Brain Research , 95 ( 3 ) : 523 – 532 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Endo , H. and Kawahara , K. 2010 . Relationship between hand stability and the 10-Hz physiological tremor during various manual tasks . Ergonomics , 53 ( 4 ) : 491 – 501 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farina , D. , Merletti , R. and Enoka , R. M. 2004 . The extraction of neural strategies from the surface EMG . Journal of Applied Physiology , 96 ( 4 ) : 1486 – 1495 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fleishman , E. A. 1967 . Performance assessment based on an empirically derived task taxonomy . Human Factors , 9 ( 4 ) : 349 – 366 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fleishman , E. A. and Ellison , G. D. 1962 . A factor analysis offine manipulative tests . Journal of Applied Psychology , 46 ( 2 ) : 96 – 105 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halliday , D.M. 1995 . A framework for the analysis of mixed time series/point process data – theory and application to the study of physiological tremor, single motor unit discharges and electromyograms . Progress inBiophysics and Molecular Biology , 64 ( 2–3 ) : 237 – 278 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halliday , D. M. 1999 . Load-independent contributions from motor-unit synchronization to human physiological tremor . Journal of Neurophysiology , 82 ( 2 ) : 664 – 675 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harwell , R. C. and Ferguson , R. L. 1983 . Physiologic tremor and microsurgery . Microsurgery , 4 ( 3 ) : 187 – 192 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Keenan , K.G. 2005 . Influence of amplitude cancellation on the simulated surface electromyogram . Journal of Applied Physiology , 98 ( 1 ) : 120 – 131 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keenan , K.G. 2006 . Influence of motor unit properties on the size of the simulated evoked surface EMG potential . Experimental Brain Research , 169 ( 1 ) : 37 – 49 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kubo , K. , Kanehisa , H. and Fukunaga , T. 2003 . Gender differences in the viscoelastic properties of tendon structures . European Journal of Applied Physiology , 88 ( 6 ) : 520 – 526 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Laidlaw , D. H. , Bilodeau , M. and Enoka , R. M. 2000 . Steadiness is reduced and motor unit discharge is morevariable in old adults . Muscle & Nerve , 23 ( 4 ) : 600 – 612 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lakie , M. 2010 . The influence of muscle tremor on shooting performance . Experimental Physiology , 95 ( 3 ) : 441 – 450 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Letz , R. and Gerr , F. 2000 . Reliability of some tremor measurement outcome variables in field testing situations . Neurotoxicology , 21 ( 5 ) : 737 – 742 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leyk , D. 2007 . Maximal manual stretcher carriage: performance and recovery of male and female ambulance workers . Ergonomics , 50 ( 5 ) : 752 – 762 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller , A.E. 1993 . Gender differences in strength andmuscle fiber characteristics . European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology , 66 ( 3 ) : 254 – 262 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mima , T. and Hallett , M. 1999 . Corticomuscular coherence: a review . Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology , 16 ( 6 ) : 501 – 511 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moritz , C. T. 2005 . Discharge rate variability influences the variation in force fluctuations across the working range of a hand muscle . Journal of Neurophysiology , 93 ( 5 ) : 2449 – 2459 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mürbe , D. 2001 . Tremor in otosurgery: influence of physical strain on hand steadiness . Otology & Neurotology , 22 ( 5 ) : 672 – 677 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Myers , L.J. 2003 . Rectification and non-linear pre-processing of EMG signals for cortico-muscular analysis . Journal of Neuroscience Methods , 124 ( 2 ) : 157 – 165 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oldfield , R. C. 1971 . The assessment and analysis of handedness: the Edinburgh inventory . Neuropsychologia , 9 ( 1 ) : 97 – 113 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Peters , M. , Servos , P. and Day , R. 1990 . Marked sex differences on a fine motor skill task disappear when finger size is used as covariate . The Journal of Applied Psychology , 75 ( 1 ) : 87 – 90 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raethjen , J. 2000 . Determinants of physiologic tremor in a large normal population . Clinical Neurophysiology , 111 ( 10 ) : 1825 – 1837 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roels , H. 1983 . Development of a quantitative test for hand tremor measurement. Study of factors influencing the response in a control population . Journal of Occupational Medicine , 25 ( 6 ) : 481 – 487 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Ruff , R. M. and Parker , S. B. 1993 . Gender- and age-specific changes in motor speed and eye-hand coordination in adults: normative values for the Finger Tapping and Grooved Pegboard Tests . Perceptual and Motor Skills , 76 ( 3 Pt 2 ) : 1219 – 1230 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Safwat , B. 2009 . The role of posture, magnification, and grip force on microscopic accuracy . Annals of Biomedical Engineering , 37 ( 5 ) : 907 – 1006 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakamoto , K. 1992 . Characteristics of physiological tremor in five fingers and evaluations of fatigue of fingers in typing . The Annals of Physiological Anthropology , 11 ( 1 ) : 61 – 68 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schantz , P. 1983 . Muscle fibre type distribution, muscle cross-sectional area and maximal voluntary strength in humans . Acta Physiologica Scandinavica , 117 ( 2 ) : 219 – 226 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Schmidt , S.L. 2000 . Influences of handedness and gender on the grooved pegboard test . Brain and Cognition , 44 ( 3 ) : 445 – 454 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Semmler , J. G. and Nordstrom , M. A. 1995 . Influence of handedness on motor unit discharge properties and force tremor . Experimental Brain Research , 104 ( 1 ) : 115 – 125 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Semmler , J. G. and Nordstrom , M. A. 1998 . Motor unit discharge and force tremor in skill- and strength-trained individuals . Experimental Brain Research , 119 ( 1 ) : 27 – 38 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seo , N. J. 2009 . Dependence of safety margins in grip force on isometric push force levels in lateral pinch . Ergonomics , 52 ( 7 ) : 840 – 847 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sosnoff , J. J. and Newell , K. M. 2006 . Are age-related increases in force variability due to decrements in strength? . Experimental Brain Research , 174 ( 1 ) : 86 – 94 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sosnoff , J. J. , Valantine , A. D. and Newell , K. M. 2006 . Independence between the amount and structure of variability at low force levels . Neuroscience Letters , 392 ( 3 ) : 165 – 169 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strenge , H. , Niederberger , U. and Seelhorst , U. 2002 . Correlation between tests of attention and performance on Grooved and Purdue pegboards in normal subjects . Perceptual and Motor Skills , 95 ( 2 ) : 507 – 514 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Svendsen , J. H. and Madeleine , P. 2010 . Amount and structure of force variability during short, ramp and sustained contractions in males and females . Human Movement Science , 29 ( 1 ) : 35 – 47 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor , A. M. , Christou , E. A. and Enoka , R. M. 2003 . Multiple feature of motor-unit activity influence force fluctuations during isometric contractions . Journal of Neurophysiology , 90 ( 2 ) : 1350 – 1361 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tracy , B.L. 2005 . Variability of motor unit discharge and force fluctuations across a range of muscle forces in older adults . Muscle & Nerve , 32 ( 4 ) : 533 – 540 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tremblay , F. 2003 . Tactile spatial acuity in elderly persons: assessment with grating domes and relationship with manual dexterity . Somatosensory & Motor Research , 20 ( 2 ) : 127 – 132 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vasilakos , K. , Glass , L. and Beuter , A. 1998 . Interaction of tremor and magnification in a motor performance task with visual feedback . Journal of Motor Behavior , 30 ( 2 ) : 158 – 168 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wade , P. , Gresty , M. A. and Findley , L. J. 1982 . A normative study of postural tremor of the hand . Archives of Neurology , 39 ( 6 ) : 358 – 362 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Westling , G. and Johansson , R. S. 1984 . Factors influencing the force control during precision grip . Experimental Brain Research , 53 ( 2 ) : 277 – 284 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Winter , E. M. and Brookes , F. B. 1991 . Electromechanical response times and muscle elasticity in men and women . European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology , 63 ( 2 ) : 124 – 128 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar