References
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- Sin-A and Sm-C are the least ordered smectic pases: each layer can be regarded as a two-dimensional liquid, the mean direction of the long molecular axis being either parallel (Sm-A) or tilted (Sm-C) with respect to the layer normal.
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- When a tilted smectic phase like Sm-C is composed of chiral molecules, it possesses a spontaneous electric polarization Ps in each smectic layer
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- Because the direction of Ps is coupled to the direction of the molecular tilt (Ps must be perpendicular to the plane build up by the layer normal and the mean direction of the long molecular axis), one can use an external electric field in order to fix the tilt direction.
- The “sign” of Ps is used to describe the correlation between the directions of tilt and polarization, i.e., whether smectic layer normal, tilt direction, and polarization direction form a right-handed or a left-handed system
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- Bahr , Ch. and Fliegner , D. unpublished results