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Original Articles

Decay in Upper Cretaceous Normapolles Exines

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Pages 66-69 | Published online: 01 Sep 2009

References

  • Batten , D. J. 1986 . “ Possible functional implications of exine sculpture and architecture in some late Cretaceous Normapolles pollen. ” . In Form and function , Edited by: Blackmore , S. and Ferguson , I. K. 219 – 232 . London : Linnean Soc. Symp. Ser. 12. Acad. Press .
  • Elsik , W. C. 1971 . “ Microbiological degradation of sporopollenin. ” . In Sporopollenin , Edited by: Brooks , J. , Grant , P. R. , Muir , M. , Van Gijzel , P. and Shaw , G. 480 – 511 . London : Academic Press .
  • Erdtman , G. 1971 . “ Notes on the resistance and stratification of the exine. ” . In Sporopollenin , Edited by: Brooks , J. , Grant , P. R. , Muir , M. , Van Gijzel , P. and Shaw , G. 248 – 511 . London : Academic Press .
  • Pflug , H. D. 1953 . Zur Entstehung und Entwicklung des angiospermiden Pollens in der Erdgeschichte . Palaeontographica B , 95 : 60 – 171 .
  • Rowley , J. R. , El-Ghazaly , G. and Rowley , J. S. 1987 . Microchannels in the pollen grain exine . Palynology , 11 : 1 – 21 .
  • Rowley , J. R. , Rowley , J S. and Skvarla , J. J. 1990 . Corroded exines from Havinga's leaf mold experiment . Palynology , 14 : 53 – 79 .
  • Skarby , A. 1968 . Extratriporopollenites (Pflug) from the Upper Cretaceous of Scania, Sweden . Acta Univ. Stockholm, Contrib. Geol. , 16 : 1 – 60 .
  • Skarby , A. 1986 . Normapolles anthers from the Upper Cretaceous of southern Sweden . Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol. , 46 : 235 – 256 .
  • Skarby , A. , Rowley , J. R. and Nilsson , L. 1990 . Exine structure of Upper Cretaceous Normapolles grains from anthers (northeastern Scania, Sweden) . Palynology , 14 : 113 – 144 .
  • Takeoka , M. and Stix , E. 1963 . On the fine structure of the pollen walls in some Scandinavian Betulaceae . Grana Palynol. , 6 : 161 – 188 .

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