319
Views
5
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Article

Early Carboniferous ophiolite in central Qiangtang, northern Tibet: record of an oceanic back-arc system in the Palaeo-Tethys Ocean

, , , , , , , , & show all
Pages 449-463 | Received 21 Mar 2017, Accepted 12 Jun 2017, Published online: 06 Jul 2017

References

  • Alabaster, T., Pearce, J.A., and Malpas, J., 1982, The volcanic stratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Oman ophiolite complex: Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 81, p. 168–183. doi:10.1007/BF00371294
  • Andersen, T., 2002, Correction of common lead in U-Pb analyses that do not report 204Pb: Chemical Geology, v. 192, p. 59–79. doi:10.1016/S0009-2541(02)00195-X
  • Ayalew, D., Jung, S., Romer, R.L., Kersten, F., Pfänder, J.A., and Garbe-Schönberg, D., 2016, Petrogenesis and origin of modern ethiopian rift basalts: Constraints from isotope and trace element geochemistry: Lithos, v. 258-259, p. 1–14. doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2016.04.001
  • BGMR (Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Xizang Autonomous Region), 1993, Regional geology of Xizang (Tibet) autonomous region: Beijing, Geological Publishing House. [in Chinese with English abstract]
  • Class, C., Miller, D.M., Goldstein, S.L., and Langmuir, C.H., 2000, Distinguishing melt and fluid subduction components in umnak volcanics, aleutian arc: Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, v. 115355, p. 927–928.
  • Coleman, R.G., 1977, Ophiolite-ancient oceanic lithosphere: Berlin, Springer-Verlag, p. 1–229.
  • Coleman, R.G., 1984, The diversity of ophiolites: Geologie En Mijnbouw, v. 62, p. 141–150.
  • Deng, W.M., Yin, J.X., and Guo, Z.P., 1996, Basic-ultrabasic and volcanic rocks in Chabu-Shuanghu area of northern Xizang (Tibet), China: Science in China, Series D: Earth Sciences, v. 39, p. 259–368.
  • Dewey, J.F., and Bird, J.M., 1971, Origin and emplacement of the ophiolite suite: Appalachian ophiolites in Newfoundland: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 76, p. 3179–3206. doi:10.1029/JB076i014p03179
  • Dilek, Y., and Furnes, H., 2009, Structure and geochemistry of tethyan ophiolites and their petrogenesis in subduction rollback systems: Lithos, v. 113, p. 1–20. doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2009.04.022
  • Dilek, Y., and Furnes, H., 2011, Ophiolite genesis and global tectonics: Geochemical and tectonic fingerprinting of ancient oceanic lithosphere: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 123, p. 387–411. doi:10.1130/B30446.1
  • Dilek, Y., and Furnes, H., 2014, Ophiolites and their origins: Elements, v. 10, p. 93–100. doi:10.2113/gselements.10.2.93
  • Dilek, Y., Furnes, H., and Shallo, M., 2007, Suprasubduction zone ophiolite formation along the periphery of Mesozoic Gondwana: Gondwana Research, v. 11, p. 453–475. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2007.01.005
  • Elliott, T., Plank, T., Zindler, A., White, W., and Bourdon, B., 1997, Element transport from slab to volcanic front at the mariana arc: Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, v. 102, p. 14991–15019. doi:10.1029/97JB00788
  • Fan, J.J., Li, C., Wang, M., Xie, C.M., and Xu, W., 2015, Features, provenance, and tectonic significance of carboniferous-permian glacial marine diamictites in the southern Qiangtang-Baoshan Block, Tibetan Plateau: Gondwana Research, v. 28, p. 1530–1542. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2014.10.015
  • Fan, J.J., Li, C., Xie, C.M., and Liu, Y.M., 2016, Depositional environment and provenance of the upper permian-lower triassic tianquanshan formation, northern tibet: Implications for the palaeozoic evolution of the southern qiangtang, lhasa, and himalayan terranes in the tibetan plateau: International Geology Review, v. 58, p. 228–245 doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.11.005
  • Fan, J.J., Li, C., Xie, C.M., Liu, Y.M., Xu, J.X., and Chen, J.W., 2017, Remnants of late permian-middle triassic ocean islands in northern tibet: Implications for the late-stage evolution of the paleo-tethys ocean: Gondwana Research, v. 44, p. 7–21 doi:10.1016/j.gr.2016.10.020
  • Fan, Y.N., 1988, Tibet Carboniferous: Chongqing, Chongqing Publishing House, p. 1–128. [in Chinese]
  • Fretzdorff, S., Livermore, R.A., Devey, C.W., Leat, P.T., and Stoffers, P., 2002, Petrogenesis of the Back-Arc East Scotia Ridge, South Atlantic Ocean: Journal of Petrology, v. 43, p. 1435–1467. doi:10.1093/petrology/43.8.1435
  • Frey, F.A., Green, D.H., and Roy, S.D., 1978, Integrated models of basalt petrogenesis: a study of quartz tholeiites to olivine melilitites from south eastern australia utilizing geochemical and experimental petrological data: Journal of Petrology, v. 19, p. 463–513 doi:10.1093/petrology/19.3.463
  • Fryer, P., Sinton, J.M., and Philpotts, J.A., 1981, Basaltic glasses from the Mariana Trough, in Hussong, D.M., Uyeda, S., et al., eds., Initial reports of the deep sea drilling project, Vol. 60: Washington, D.C., US Government Printing Office, p. 601–609.
  • Furnes, H., Dilek, Y., and Pedersen, R.B., 2012, Structure, geochemistry, and tectonic evolution of trench-distal backarc oceanic crust in the western Norwegian Caledonides, Solund-Stavfjord ophiolite (Norway): Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 124, p. 1027–1047. doi:10.1130/B30561.1
  • Genc, S.C., and Tuysuz, O., 2010, Tectonic setting of the Jurassic bimodal magmatism in the Sakarya Zone (Central and Western Pontides), Northern Turkey: A geochemical and isotopic approach: Lithos, v. 118, p. 95–111. doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2010.03.017
  • Gill, J.B., 1976, Composition and age of Lau Basin and Ridge volcanic rocks: Implications for evolution of an interarc basin and remnant arc: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 87, p. 1384–1395. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1976)87<1384:CAAOLB>2.0.CO;2
  • Goolaerts, A., Mattielli, N., Jong, J.D., Weis, D., and Scoates, J.S., 2004, Hf and Lu isotopic reference values for the zircon standard 91500 by MC-ICP-MS: Chemical Geology, v. 206, p. 1–9. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.01.008
  • Griffin, W.L., Wang, X., Jackson, S.E., Pearson, N.J., O’Reilly, S.Y., Xu, X., and Zhou, X., 2002, Zircon chemistry and magma mixing, SE China: In-situ analysis of Hf isotopes, Tonglu and Pingtan igneous complexes: Lithos, v. 61, p. 237–269. doi:10.1016/S0024-4937(02)00082-8
  • Hawkesworth, C.J., Gallagher, K., Hergt, J.M., and McDermott, F., 1993, Mantle and slab contributions in arc magmas: Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 21, p. 175–204. doi:10.1146/annurev.ea.21.050193.001135
  • Hawkesworth, C.J., Turner, S.P., McDermott, F., Peate, D.W., and Van Clasteren, P., 1997, U-Th Isotopes in Arc Magmas: Implications for Element Transfer from the Subducted Crust: Science, v. 276, p. 551–555. doi:10.1126/science.276.5312.551
  • Hess, P.C., 1992, Phase equilibria constraints on the origin of ocean floor basalts: Geophysical Monograph, v. 71, p. 67–102
  • Hu, P.Y., Li, C., Wang, M., Xie, C.M., and Wu, Y.W., 2013b, Cambrian volcanism in the Lhasa terrane, southern Tibet: Record of an early Paleozoic Andean-type magmatic arc along the Gondwana proto-Tethyan margin: Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, v. 77, p. 91–107. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2013.08.015
  • Hu, P.Y., Li, C., Wu, Y.W., Xie, C.M., Wang, M., and Li, J., 2014a, Opening of the Longmuco-Shuanghu-Lancangjiang ocean: Constraintsfrom plagiogranites: Chinese Science Bulletin, v. 59, p. 3188–3199. doi:10.1007/s11434-014-0434-z
  • Hu, P.Y., Li, C., Wu, Y.W., Xie, C.M., Wang, M., Zhang, H.Y., and Li, J., 2014b, The Silurian Tethyan Ocean in central Qiangtang, northern Tibet: Constraints from zircon U-Pb ages of plagiogranites within the Taoxinghu ophiolite: Geological Bulletin of China, v. 33, p. 1651–1661. [in Chinese with English abstract]
  • Hu, P.Y., Li, C., Xie, C.M., Wu, Y.W., Wang, M., and Su, L., 2013a, Albite granites in Taoxinghu ophiolite in central Qiangtang, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China: Evidences of PaleoTethys oceanic crust subduction: Acta Petrologica Sinica, v. 29, p. 4404–4414. [in Chinese with English abstract]
  • Ishizuka, O., Tani, K., and Reagan, M.K., 2014, Izu-bonin-mariana forearc crust as a modern ophiolite analogue: Elements, v. 10, p. 115–120 doi:10.2113/gselements.10.2.115
  • Ishizuka, O., Tani, K., and Reagan, M.K., 2014, Izu-Bonin-Mariana forearc crust as a modern ophiolite analogue: Elements, v. 10, p. 115–120. doi:10.2113/gselements.10.2.115
  • Jiang, Q.Y., Li, C., Su, L., Hu, P.Y., Xie, C.M., and Wu, H., 2015, Carboniferous arc magmatism in the Qiangtang area, northern Tibet: Zircon U-Pb ages, geochemical and Lu-Hf isotopic characteristics, and tectonic implications: Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, v. 100, p. 132–144. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2015.01.012
  • Jung, C., Jung, S., Hoffer, E., and Berndt, J., 2006, Petrogenesis of Tertiary mafic alkaline magmas in the Hocheifel, Germany: Journal of Petrology, v. 47, p. 1637–1671. doi:10.1093/petrology/egl023
  • Kapp, P., Yin, A., Manning, C.E., Murphy, M., Harrison, T.M., Spurlin, M., Lin, D., Deng, X.G., and Wu, C.M., 2000, Blueschist-bearing metamorphic core complexes in the Qiangtang block reveal deep crustal structure of northern Tibet: Geology, v. 28, p. 19–22. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2000)28<19:BMCCIT>2.0.CO;2
  • Kapp, P., Yin, A., Manning, E., Harrison, T.M., Taylor, M.H., and Ding, L., 2003, Tectonic evolution of the early mesozoic blueschist-bearing Qiangtang metamorphic belt, central Tibet: Tectonics, v. 22, p. 1043. doi:10.1029/2002TC001383
  • Keskin, M., 2005, Domal uplift and volcanism in a collision zone without a mantle plume: Evidence from eastern Anatolia: Mantleplume Org. http://www.mantleplumes.org/Anatolia.html
  • Leat, P.T., Livermore, R.A., Millar, I.L., and Pearce, J.A., 2000, Magma supply in back-arc spreading centre segment E2, East Scotia Ridge: Journal of Petrology, v. 41, p. 845–866. doi:10.1093/petrology/41.6.845
  • Li, C., 1987, The Longmuco-Shuanghu-Lancangjiang plate suture and the north boundary of distribution of Gondwana facies Permian-Carboniferous system in northern Tibet, China: Journal of Changchun College of Geology, v. 17, p. 155–166. [in Chinese with English abstract]
  • Li, C., 2008, A review on 20 years’ study of the Longmuco-Shuanghu-Lancangjiang suture zone in the Qinghai-Xizang (Tibet) Plateau: Geological Review, v. 54, p. 104–119. [in Chinese with English Abstract]
  • Li, C., Cheng, L.R., and Hu, K., 1995, Study on the Paleo-Tethys suture zone of Lungmuco-Shuanghu, Tibet: Beijing, Geological Publishing House, p. 1–131. [in Chinese with English abstract]
  • Li, C., Dong, Y.S., Zhai, Q.G., Wang, L.Q., Yan, Q.R., Wu, Y.W., and He, T.T., 2008, Discovery of paleozoic ophiolite in the Qiangtang of Tibet plateau: Evidence from SHRIMP U-Pb dating and its tectonic implications: Acta Petrologica Sinica, v. 24, p. 31–36. [in Chinese with English abstract]
  • Li, C., Zhai, Q.G., Dong, Y.S., Yu, J.J., and Huang, X.P., 2007, Establishment of the Upper Triassic Wanghuling Formation at Guoganjianian Mountain, central Qiangtang, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and its significance: Geological Bulletin of China, v. 26, p. 1003–1008. [in Chinese with English abstract]
  • Li, C., and Zheng, A., 1993, Paleozoic stratigraphy in the Qiangtang region of Tibet: Relations of the Gondwana and Yangtze continents and ocean closure near the end of the Carboniferous: International Geology Review, v. 35, p. 797–804. doi:10.1080/00206819309465558
  • Li, G.M., Li, J.X., Zhao, J.X., Qin, K.Z., Cao, M.J., and Evans, N.J., 2015, Petrogenesis and tectonic setting of Triassic granitoids in the Qiangtang terrane, central Tibet: Evidence from U-Pb ages, Petrochemistry and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopes: Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, v. 105, p. 443–455. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2015.02.017
  • Li, J.X., Qin, K.Z., Li, G.M., Richards, J.P., Zhao, J.X., and Cao, M.J., 2014, Geochronology, geochemistry, and zircon Hf isotopic compositions of Mesozoic intermediate-felsic intrusions in central Tibet: Petrogenetic and tectonic implications: Lithos, v. 198-199, p. 77–91. doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2014.03.025
  • Liang, D.Y., Nie, Z.T., Guo, T.Y., Xu, B.W., Zhang, Y.Z., and Wang, W.P., 1983, Carboniferous-permian Gondwana-tethys facies in southern Karakoran Ali, Xizang (Tibet): Earth Science-Journal of Wuhan College Geology, v. 1, p. 9–26. [in Chinese with English Abstract]
  • Liang, D.Y., Nie, Z.T., and Song, Z.M., 1994, Early Permian tectonic paleogeography on northern margin of Gondwanaland and origin of diamictites: Tethyan Geology, v. 18, p. 61–73. [in Chinese with English Abstract]
  • Liang, X., Wang, G., Yuan, G., and Liu, Y., 2012, Structural sequence and geochronology of the Qomo Ri accretionary complex, central Qiangtang, Tibet: Implications for the Late Triassic subduction of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean: Gondwana Research, v. 22, p. 470–481. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2011.11.012
  • Liu, Y., Santosh, M., Zhao, Z.B., Niu, W.C., and Wang, G.H., 2011, Evidence for Palaeo-Tethyan oceanic subduction within central Qiangtang, northern Tibet: Lithos, v. 127, p. 39–53. doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2011.07.023
  • Liu, Y.S., Gao, S., Hu, Z.C., Gao, C.G., Zong, K.Q., and Wang, D.B., 2010, Continental and oceanic crust recycling-induced melt-peridotite interactions in the trans-north China orogen: U-Pb dating, Hf isotopes and trace elements in zircons from mantle xenoliths: Journal of Petrology, v. 51, p. 537–571. doi:10.1093/petrology/egp082
  • Ludwig, K.R., 2003, Isoplot 3.00: A geochronological toolkit for microsoft excel: Special Publication No. 4: Berkeley Geochronology Center, p. 1–70. http://www.mantleplumes.org/Anatolia.html
  • McCulloch, M.T., and Gamble, J.A., 1991, Geochemical and geodynamical constraints on subduction zone magmatism: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 102, p. 358–374. doi:10.1016/0012-821X(91)90029-H
  • Metcalfe, I., 2013, Gondwana dispersion and Asian accretion: Tectonic and palaeogeographic evolution of eastern Tethys: Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, v. 66, p. 1–33. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2012.12.020
  • Miyashiro, A., 1973, The Troodos ophiolitic complex was probably formed in an island arc: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 19, p. 218–224. doi:10.1016/0012-821X(73)90118-0
  • Miyashiro, A., 1974, Volcanic rock series in island arcs and active continental margins: American Journal of Science, v. 274, p. 321–355 doi:10.2475/ajs.274.4.321
  • Miyashiro, A., 1975, Classification, characteristics, and origin of ophiolites: The Journal of Geology, v. 83, p. 249–281. doi:10.1086/628085
  • Pan, G.T., Wang, L.Q., Li, R.S., Yuan, S.H., Ji, W.H., Yin, F.G., Zhang, W.P., and Wang, B.D., 2012, Tectonic evolution of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau: Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, v. 53, p. 3–14. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2011.12.018
  • Pearce, J.A., 2008, Geochemical fingerprinting of oceanic basalts with applications to ophiolite classification and the search for Archean oceanic crust: Lithos, v. 100, p. 14–48. doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2007.06.016
  • Pearce, J.A., 2014, Immobile element fingerprinting of ophiolites: Elements, v. 10, p. 101–108. doi:10.2113/gselements.10.2.101
  • Pearce, J.A., Lippard, S.J., and Roberts, S., 1984, Characteristics and tectonic significance of supra-subduction zone ophiolites: Geological Society, London, Special Publications, v. 16, p. 77–94. doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1984.016.01.06
  • Pearce, J.A., and Peate, D.W., 1995, Tectonic implications of the composition of volcanic arc magmas: Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 23, p. 251–285. doi:10.1146/annurev.ea.23.050195.001343
  • Pearce, J.A., and Stern, R.J., 2006, Origin of back-arc basin magmas: Trace element and isotope perspectives: Back-Arc Spreading Systems: Geological, Biological, Chemical, and Physical Interactions, Vol. 166. American Geophysical Union, p. 63–86.
  • Pearce, J.A., Stern, R.J., Bloomer, S.H., and Fryer, P., 2005, Geochemical mapping of the Mariana Arc-Basin System: Implications for the nature and distribution of subduction components: Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, v. 6, p. 166. doi:10.1029/2004GC000895
  • Peng, H., 2015, Provenance analysis and tectonic attribute from the lower carboniferous riwanchaka formation of the central Tibetan Plateau [A dissertation submitted to China Jilin University for Master degree], p. 1–94.
  • Peng, H., Li, C., Xie, C.M., Wang, M., Jiang, Q.Y., and Chen, J.W., 2014, Riwanchaka group in central Qiangtang Basin, the Tibetan Plateau: Evidence from detrital zircons: Geological Bulletin of China, v. 33, p. 1715–1727. [in Chinese with English abstract]
  • Plank, T., 2014, The chemical composition of subducting sediments: Treatise on Geochemistry, v. 4, p. 607–629.
  • Pullen, A., Kapp, P., Gehrels, G.E., Vervoort, J.D., and Ding, L., 2008, Triassic continental subduction in central Tibet and Mediterranean-style closure of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean: Geology, v. 36, p. 351–354. doi:10.1130/G24435A.1
  • Rautenschlein, M., Jenner, G.A., Hertogen, J., Hofmann, A.W., Kerrich, R., Schmincke, H.U., and White, W.M., 1985, Isotopic and trace element composition of volcanic glasses from the Akaki Canyon, Cyprus: Implications for the origin of the Troodos ophiolite: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 75, p. 369–383. doi:10.1016/0012-821X(85)90180-3
  • Rudnick, R.L., and Gao, S., 2003, Composition of the continental crust, in Holland, H.D., and Turekian, K.K., eds., Treatise on geochemistry, Vol. 3: Amsterdam, Netherlands, Elsevier, p. 1–64.
  • Saccani, E., Bortolotti, V., Marroni, M., Pandolfi, L., Photiades, A., and Principi, G., 2008, The Jurassic association of backarc basin ophiolites and calcalkaline volcanics in the Guevgueli Complex (Northern Greece): Implication for the evolution of the Vardar Zone: Ofioliti, v. 33, p. 209–227.
  • Saccani, E., and Photiades, A., 2004, Mid-ocean ridge and suprasubduction affinities in the Pindos ophiolites (Greece): Implications for magma genesis in a forearc setting: Lithos, v. 73, p. 229–253. doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2003.12.002
  • Schmidt, M.W., and Poli, S., 2014, Devolatilization during subduction: The Crust, Treatise on Geochemistry (Holland, H.D., and Turekian, K.K., eds.; Second edition): Oxford, Elsevier-Pergamon, p. 669–701.
  • Sengör, A.M.C., 1987, Tectonics of the tethysides: Orogenic collage development in a collisional setting: Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 15, p. 213–244. doi:10.1146/annurev.ea.15.050187.001241
  • Shervais, J.W., 1982, Ti-V plots and the petrogenesis of modern and ophiolitic lavas: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 59, p. 101–118. doi:10.1016/0012-821X(82)90120-0
  • Shervais, J.W., 2001, Birth, death, and resurrection: The life cycle of suprasubduction zone ophiolites: Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems, v. 2, p. 148–159. doi:10.1029/2000GC000080
  • Shi, J.R., Dong, Y.S., and Wang, S.Y., 2009, Dating and tectonic significance of plagiogranite from Guoganjianan mountain, central Qiangtang, northern Tibet, China: Geological Bulletin of China, v. 28, p. 1236–1243. [in Chinese with English abstract]
  • Sinton, J.M., and Fryer, P., 1987, Mariana Trough lavas from 18°N: Implications for the origin of back arc basin basalts: Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, v. 92, no. B12, p. 12782–12802. doi:10.1029/JB092iB12p12782
  • Stern, R.J., 2002, Subduction zones: Reviews of Geophysics, v. 40. doi:10.1029/2001RG000108
  • Stern, R.J., 2004, Subduction initiation: Spontaneous and induced: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 226, p. 275–292. doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(04)00498-4
  • Stern, R.J., 2010, The anatomy and ontogeny of modern intra-oceanic arc systems: Geological Society London Special Publications, v. 338, p. 7–34. doi:10.1144/SP338.2
  • Stern, R.J., and Bloomer, S.H., 1992, Subduction zone infancy: Examples from the Eocene Izu-Bonin-Mariana and Jurassic California arcs: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 104, p. 1621–1636. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1992)104<1621:SZIEFT>2.3.CO;2
  • Stern, R.J., Lin, P.N., Morris, J.D., Jackson, M.C., Fryer, P., Bloomer, S.H., and Ito, E., 1990, Enriched back-arc basin basalts from the northern mariana trough: Implications for the magmatic evolution of back-arc basins: Earth & Planetary Science Letters, v. 100, p. 210–225. doi:10.1016/0012-821X(90)90186-2
  • Stern, R.J., Reagan, M., Ishizuka, O., Ohara, Y., and Whattam, S., 2012, To understand subduction initiation, study forearc crust: To understand forearc crust, study ophiolites: Lithosphere, v. 4, p. 469–483. doi:10.1130/L183.1
  • Sun, S.S., and McDonough, W.F., 1989, Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts: Implications for mantle composition and processes: Geological Society London Special Publications, v. 42, p. 313–345. doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.1989.042.01.19
  • Taylor, B., and Martinez, F., 2003, Back-arc basin basalt systematics: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 210, p. 481–497. doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00167-5
  • Wang, B.D., Wang, L.Q., Chen, J.L., Liu, H., Yin, F.G., and Li, X.B., 2017, Petrogenesis of Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous volcanic rocks in northern Tibet: New constraints on the Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the Tethyan Ocean: Gondwana Research, v. 41, p. 142–156. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2015.09.007
  • Wang, L.Q., Pan, G.T., Li, C., Dong, Y.S., Zhu, D.C., Yuan, S.H., and Zhu, T.X., 2008, SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating of paleozoic cumulate in Guoganjianian Mt. from central Qiangtang area of northern Tibet-considering the evolvement of Proto-and Paleo-Tethys: Geological Bulletin of China, v. 27, p. 2045–2056. [in Chinese with English abstract]
  • Wang, M., Li, C., Wu, Y.W., and Xie, C.M., 2014, Cause of the basic-ultrabasic rocks in southern Qiangtang, northern Tibet: International Geology Review, v. 56, p. 187–205. doi:10.1080/00206814.2013.825076
  • Wang, M., Li, C., and Xie, C.M., 2016, Dating of detrital zircons from the Dabure clastic rocks: The discovery of Neoproterozoic strata in southern Qiangtang, Tibet: International Geology Review, v. 58, p. 216–227. doi:10.1080/00206814.2015.1065207
  • Wang, M., Li, C., Xie, C.M., Xu, J.X., and Li, X.K., 2015, U-Pb zircon age, geochemical and Lu-Hf isotopic constraints of the southern Gangma co basalts in the central Qiangtang, northern Tibet: Tectonophysics, v. 657, p. 219–229. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2015.07.006
  • Wiedenbeck, M., Allé, P., Corfu, F., Griffin, W.L., Meier, M., Oberli, F., Quadt, A.V., Roddick, J.C., and Spiegel, W., 1995, Three natural zircon standards for U-Th-Pb, Lu-Hf, trace element and REE analyses: Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, v. 19, p. 1–23. doi:10.1111/j.1751-908X.1995.tb00147.x
  • Winchester, J.A., and Floyd, P.A., 1977, Geochemical discrimination of different magma series and their differentiation Products using immobile elements: Chemical Geology, v. 20, p. 325–343. doi:10.1016/0009-2541(77)90057-2
  • Woodhead, J.D., Hergt, J., Shelley, M., Eggins, S., and Kemp, R., 2004, Zircon Hf-isotope analysis with an excimer laser, depth profiling, ablation of complex geometries, and concomitant age estimation: Chemical Geology, v. 209, p. 121–135. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2004.04.026
  • Woodhead, J.D., Hergt, J.M., Davidson, J.P., and Eggins, S.M., 2001, Hafnium isotope evidence for ‘conservative’ element mobility during subduction zone processes: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 192, p. 331–346. doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00453-8
  • Wu, F.Y., Yang, Y.H., Xie, L.W., Yang, J.H., and Xu, P., 2006, Hf isotopic compositions of the standard zircons and baddeleyites used in U-Pb geochronology: Chemical Geology, v. 234, p. 105–126. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2006.05.003
  • Wu, H., 2016, Multiple stages of magmatism from ~375 to ~200Ma in central Qiangtang, Tibet: Constraints on subduction and the timing of closure of the Longmuco-Shuanghu-Langcangjiang Ocean [A dissertation submitted to China Jilin University for doctoral degree], p. 1–191.
  • Wu, H., Li, C., Chen, J., and Xie, C., 2016b, Late Triassic tectonic framework and evolution of Central Qiangtang, Tibet, SW China: Lithosphere, v. 8, p. 141–149. doi:10.1130/L468.1
  • Wu, Y.W., 2013, The evolution record of LongmuCo-Shuanghu-Lancang ocean Cambrian-Permian ophiolites [A dissertation submitted to China Jilin University for doctoral degree], p. 1–251.
  • Wu, Y.W., Li, C., Xu, M.J., Xie, C.M., Wang, M., Xiong, S.Q., and Fan, Z.G., 2016a, Petrology, geochemistry, and geochronology of mafic rocks from the Taoxinghu Devonian ophiolite, Longmuco-Shuanghu-Lancang suture zone, northern Tibet: Evidence for an intra-oceanic arc-basin system: International Geology Review, v. 58, p. 441–454. doi:10.1080/00206814.2015.1089422
  • Xu, W., Li, C., Xu, M.J., Wu, Y.W., Fan, J.J., and Wu, H., 2015, Petrology, geochemistry, and geochronology of boninitic dikes from the Kangqiong ophiolite: Implications for the early cretaceous evolution of Bangong-Nujiang Neo-Tethys Ocean in Tibet: International Geology Review, v. 57, p. 2028–2043. doi:10.1080/00206814.2015.1050464
  • Yan, S., Shan, Q., Niu, H.C., Yang, W.B., Li, N.B., Zeng, L.J., and Jiang, Y.H., 2015, Petrology and geochemistry of Late Carboniferous hornblende gabbro from the Awulale Mountains, western Tianshan (NW China): Implication for an Arc–Nascent Back-Arc environment: Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, v. 113, p. 218–237. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2015.01.016
  • Yin, A., and Harrison, T.M., 2000, Geologic evolution of the Himalayan-Tibetan orogeny: Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, v. 28, p. 211–280. doi:10.1146/annurev.earth.28.1.211
  • Yin, J.X., 1997, The stratigraphy of Gondwana facies in the Tibetan Plateau and its contiguous region: Beijing, Geological Publishing House, p. 1–206. [in Chinese]
  • Yuan, H.L., Gao, S., Liu, X.M., Li, H.M., Günther, D., and Wu, F.Y., 2004, Accurate U-Pb age and trace element determinations of zircon by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry: Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research, v. 28, p. 353–370. doi:10.1111/j.1751-908X.2004.tb00755.x
  • Zhai, Q.G., Jahn, B.M., Su, L., Wang, J., Mo, X.X., Lee, H.Y., Wang, K.L., and Tang, S.H., 2013b, Triassic arc magmatism in the Qiangtang area, northern Tibet: Zircon U-Pb ages, geochemical and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic characteristics, and tectonic implications: Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, v. 63, p. 162–178. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2012.08.025
  • Zhai, Q.G., Jahn, B.M., Wang, J., Hu, P.Y., Chung, S.L., Lee, H.Y., Tang, S.H., and Tang, Y., 2016, Oldest Paleo-Tethyan ophiolitic mélange in the Tibetan Plateau: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 128, p. 355–373. doi:10.1130/B31296.1
  • Zhai, Q.G., Jahn, B.M., Wang, J., Su, L., Mo, X.X., Wang, K.L., Tang, S.H., and Lee, H.Y., 2013a, The carboniferous ophiolite in the middle of the Qiangtang terrane, northern Tibet: SHRIMP U-Pb dating, geochemical and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic characteristics: Lithos, v. 168-169, p. 186–199. doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2013.02.005
  • Zhai, Q.G., Jahn, B.M., Zhang, R.Y., Wang, J., and Su, L., 2011a, Triassic subduction of the Paleo-Tethys in northern Tibet, China: Evidence from the geochemical and isotopic characteristics of eclogites and blueschists of the Qiangtang Block: Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, v. 42, p. 1356–1370. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2011.07.023
  • Zhai, Q.G., Wang, J., Li, C., and Su, L., 2010, SHRIMP U-Pb dating and Hf isotopic analyses of middle Ordovician meta-cumulate gabbro in central Qiangtang, northern Tibetan plateau: Science China Earth Sciences (English Edition), v. 53, p. 657–664. doi:10.1007/s11430-010-0063-6
  • Zhai, Q.G., Zhang, R.Y., Jahn, B.M., Li, C., Song, S.G., and Wang, J., 2011b, Triassic eclogites from central Qiangtang, northern Tibet, China: Petrology, geochronology and metamorphic P-T path: Lithos, v. 125, p. 173–189. doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2011.02.004
  • Zhang, T.Y., Li, C., Su, L., Xie, C.M., Wu, Y.W., and Wang, M., 2014b, U-Pb dating of zircon, Geochemistry characteristics and tectonic significance from cumulate gabbro in the Riwanchaka area, middle Qiangtang: Geological Bulletin of China, v. 11, p. 1662–1672. [in Chinese with English abstract]
  • Zhang, T.Y., Xie, C.M., Li, C., Fan, J.J., Wang, M., and Wu, Y.D., 2017, Early cretaceous continental arc-related volcanic rocks in the Duobuzha area, northern Tibet: Implications for evolution history of the Bangong-Nujiang Ocean: International Geology Review. doi:10.1080/00206814.2017.1295283
  • Zhang, X.Z., Dong, Y.S., Li, C., Deng, M.R., Zhang, L., and Xu, W., 2014a, Silurian high-pressure granulites from central Qiangtang, Tibet: Constraints on early Paleozoic collision along the northeastern margin of Gondwana: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 405, p. 39–51. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.08.013
  • Zhang, X.Z., Dong, Y.S., Wang, Q., Dan, W., Zhang, C.F., Deng, M.R., Xu, W., Xia, X.P., Zeng, J.P., and Liang, H., 2016, Carboniferous and Permian evolutionary records for the Paleo-Tethys Ocean constrained by newly discovered xiangtaohu ophiolites from central Qiangtang, central Tibet: Tectonics, v. 35, p. 1670–1686. doi:10.1002/2016TC004170
  • Zhang, Y.C., Shi, G.R., and Shen, S.Z., 2013, A review of Permian stratigraphy, palaeobiogeography and palaeogeography of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: Gondwana Research, v. 24, p. 55–76. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2012.06.010
  • Zhu, D.C., Zhao, Z.D., Niu, Y., Dilek, Y., Wang, Q., Ji, W.H., Dong, G.C., Sui, Q.L., Liu, Y.S., and Yuan, H.L., 2012, Cambrian bimodal volcanism in the Lhasa Terrane, southern Tibet: Record of an early Paleozoic Andean-type magmatic arc in the Australian proto-Tethyan margin: Chemical Geology, v. 328, p. 290–308. doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2011.12.024
  • Zhu, D.C., Zhao, Z.D., Niu, Y.L., Dilek, Y., Hou, Z.Q., and Mo, X.X., 2013, The origin and pre-Cenozoic evolution of the Tibetan Plateau: Gondwana Research, v. 23, p. 1429–1454. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2012.02.002
  • Zhu, T.X., Zhang, Q.Y., Dong, H., Wang, Y.J., Yu, Y.S., and Feng, X.T., 2006, Discovery of the Devonian and Late Permian radiolarian cherts in tectonic mélanges in the Cedo Caka Area, Shuanghu, Northern Tibet, China: Geological Bulletin of China, v. 25, p. 1413–1418. [in Chinese with English abstract]

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.