Conservation and management of ungulates in North America

References

• Nowak, R.M., 1999, Walker’s Mammals of the World, 6th Edn, Vol. 2 (Baltimore, MD: John Hopkins University Press), p. 1051.
   Google Scholar
• Mungall , E.C. 2000 . “ Exotics ” . In Ecology and Management of Large Mammals in North America , Edited by: Demarais , S. and Krausman , P.R. 736 – 764 . Upper Saddle River , NJ : Prentice Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Williamson , L.L. 1987 . “ Evolution of a landmark law ” . In Restoring Amerca’s Wildlife 1937–1987 , Edited by: Kallman , H. , Agee , C.P. , Goforth , W.R. and Linduska , J.P. 1 – 17 . Washington , DC : U.S. Department of the Interior .
   Google Scholar
• Mackie , R.J. 2000 . “ History and management of large mammals in North America ” . In Ecology and Management of Large Mammals in North America , Edited by: Demarais , S. and Krausman , P.R. 292 – 320 . Upper Saddle River , NJ : Prentice Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Kallman , H. , Agee , C.P. , Goforth , W.R. and Linduska , J.P. , eds. 1987 . Restoring America’s Wildlife 1937–1987 , Washington , DC : U.S. Department of the Interior .
   Google Scholar
• Valdez, R. and Krausman, P.R., 1999, Mountain Sheep of North America (Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Press), pp. 1–353.
   Google Scholar
• Krausman, P.R., 2002, Introduction to Wildlife Management; the Basics (Upper Saddle River, NJ; Prentice Hall), pp. 1–478.
   Google Scholar
• Hornaday, W.T., 1889, The Extermination of the American Bison (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office), pp. 464–465.
   Google Scholar
• Reiger , J.F. 1975 . American Sportsmen and the Origins of Conservation , New York : Winchester Press .
   Google Scholar
• Sanderson , E.W. , Redford , K.H. , Weber , B. , Aune , K. , Baldes , D. , Berger , J. , Carter , D. , Curtin , C. , Derr , J. , Dobrott , S. , Fearn , E. , Fleener , C. , Forrest , S. , Gerlach , C. , Gates , C.C. , Gross , J.E. , Gogan , P. , Grassel , S. , Hilty , J.A. , Jensen , M. , Kunkel , K. , Lammers , D. , List , R. , Minkowski , K. , Olson , T. , Pague , C. , Robertson , P.B. and Stephenson , B. 2008 . The ecological future of the North American bison: conceiving long-term, large-scale conservation of wildlife . Conservation Biology , 22 : 252 – 266 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gates , C.C. , Freese , C.H. , Gogan , P.J.P. and Kotzman , M. , eds. 2010 . American Bison: Status Survey and Conservation Guidelines 2010 , Gland : International Union for the Conservation of Nature .
   Google Scholar
• Cadieux , C.L. 1987 . “ Pronghorn antelope: great plains rebound ” . In Restoring Amerca’s Wildlife 1937–1987 , Edited by: Kallman , H. , Agee , C.P. , Goforth , W.R. and Linduska , J.P. 133 – 143 . Washington , DC : U.S. Department of the Interior .
   Google Scholar
• McCabe , R.E. and McCabe , T.R. 1984 . “ Of slings and arrows: an historical retrospection ” . In White-Tailed Deer: Ecology and Management , Edited by: Halls , L.K. 19 – 72 . Harrisburg : Stackpole Books .
   Google Scholar
• Mackie , R.J. 1987 . “ Mule deer ” . In Restoring Amerca’s Wildlife 1937–1987 , Edited by: Kallman , H. , Agee , C.P. , Goforth , W.R. and Linduska , J.P. 265 – 271 . Washington , DC : U.S. Department of the Interior .
   Google Scholar
• Valdez , R. , Guzman-Aranda , J.C. , Abarca , F.J. , Tarango-Arámbula , L.A. and Sánchez , F.C. 2006 . Wildlife conservation and management in Mexico . Wildlife Society Bulletin , 34 : 270 – 282 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tinker, B.,1978, Mexican Wilderness and Wildlife (Austin: University of Texas Press).
   Google Scholar
• Leopold, A., 1933, Game Management (New York: Charles’s Scribners Sons), pp. 1–481.
   Google Scholar
• Gabrielson , I.N. 1941 . Wildlife Conservation , New York : The Macmillan Company .
   Google Scholar
• Mahoney , S.P. and Cobb , D. 2010 . Future challenges to the model: why collapse is possible and alteration inevitable . The Wildlife Professional , 4 ( 3 ) : 83 – 85 .
   Google Scholar
• Bleich , V.C. and Oehler , M.W. Sr. 2000 . Wildlife education in the United States: thoughts from agency biologists . Wildlife Society Bulletin , 28 : 542 – 545 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harmon , K.W. 1987 . “ Managing habitats ” . In Restoring Amerca’s Wildlife 1937–1987 , Edited by: Kallman , H. , Agee , C.P. , Goforth , W.R. and Linduska , J.P. 79 – 85 . Washington , DC : U.S. Department of the Interior .
   Google Scholar
• Bowyer , R.T. , Person , D.K. and Pierce , B. M. 2005 . “ Detecting top-down versus bottom-up regulation of ungulates by large carnivores: implications for conservation of biodiversity ” . In Large Carnivores and the Conservation of Biodiversity , Edited by: Ray , J.C. , Redford , K.H. , Steneck , R.S. and Berger , J. 342 – 361 . Washington , DC : Island Press .
   Google Scholar
• Bleich , V.C. and Pierce , B.M. 2005 . “ Management of mountain lions in California ” . In Records of North American Big Game , 12th Edn , Edited by: Buckner , E.L. and Reneau , J. 63 – 69 . Missoula , MT : Boone and Crockett Club .
   Google Scholar
• Rominger , E.M. , Bleich , V.C. and Goldstein , E.J. 2006 . Bighorn sheep, mountain lions, and the ethics of conservation . Conservation Biology , 20 : 1041
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White , G.C. and Bishop , C.J. 2010 . A bountiful harvest for science . The Wildlife Professional , 4 : 42 – 46 .
   Google Scholar
• Williams , S. 2010 . Wellspring of wildlife funding: how hunter and angler dollars fuel wildlife conservation . The Wildlife Professional , 4 : 35 – 38 .
   Google Scholar
• Regan , R.J. 2010 . Priceless, but not free: why all nature lovers should contribute to conservation . The Wildlife Professional , 4 : 39 – 41 .
   Google Scholar
• Gunn , A. and Skogland , T. 1997 . Responses of caribou and reindeer to global warming . Ecological Studies , 124 : 189 – 200 .
   Google Scholar
• Chapin , F.S. , Shaver , G.R. , Giblin , A.E. , Nadelhoffer , K.J. and Laundre , J.A. 1995 . Responses of arctic tundra to experimental and observed changes in climate . Ecology , 76 : 694 – 711 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brotton , J. and Wall , G. 1997 . Climate change and the Bathurst caribou herd in the Northwest Territories, Canada . Climate Change , 35 : 35 – 52 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mörschel , F.M. and Klein , D.R. 1997 . Effects of weather and parasitic insects on behavior and group dynamics of caribou of the Delta Herd, Alaska . Canadian Journal of Zoology , 75 : 1659 – 1670 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walsh , N.E. , McCabe , T.R. , Welker , J.M. and Parsons , A.N. 1997 . Experimental manipulations of snow-depth: effects on nutrient content of caribou forage . Global Change Biology , 3 : 158 – 164 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lenart , E.A. , Bowyer , R.T. , Ver Hoef , J. and Ruess , R.W. 2002 . Climate change and caribou: effects of summer weather on forage . Canadian Journal of Zoology , 80 : 664 – 678 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harding, L.E., 2004, The future of Peary caribou (Rangifer tarandus pearyi) in a changing climate. Proceeding of the Species at Risk 2004 Recovery Conference 1, 1–9.
   Google Scholar
• McNeil , P. , Russell , D.E. , Griffith , B. , Gunn , A. and Kofinas , G.P. 2005 . Where the wild things are: seasonal variation in caribou distribution in relation to climate change . Rangifer , 16 : 51 – 63 .
   Google Scholar
• Racey , G.D. 2005 . Climate change and woodland caribou in northwestern Ontario: a risk analysis . Rangifer , 16 : 123 – 136 . Special Issue
   Google Scholar
• Rupp , T.S. , Olson , M. , Adams , L.G. , Dale , B.W. , Joly , K. , Henkelman , J. , Collins , W.B. and Starfield , A.M. 2006 . Simulating the influences of various fire regimes on caribou winter habitat . Ecological Applications , 16 : 1730 – 1743 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joly , K. , Cole , M.J. and Jandt , R.R. 2007 . Diets of overwintering caribou, Rangifer tarandus, track decadal changes in arctic tundra vegetation . Canadian Field Naturalist , 121 : 379 – 383 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tews , J.M. , Ferguson , A.D. and Fahrig , L. 2007 . Modeling density dependence and climatic disturbances in caribou: a case study from the Bathurst Island complex, Canadian High Artic . Journal of Zoology , 272 : 209 – 217 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kutz , S.J. , Hoberg , E.P. , Nagy , J. , Polley , L. and Elkin , B. 2004 . “Emerging” parasitic infections in Arctic ungulates . Integrative and Comparative Biology , 44 : 109 – 118 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murray , D.L. , Cox , E.W. , Ballard , W.B. , Whitlaw , H.A. , Lenarz , M.S. , Custer , T.W. , Barnett , T. and Fuller , T.K. 2006 . Pathogens, nutritional deficiency, and climate influences on a declining moose population . Wildlife Monographs , 166 : 1 – 30 .
   Google Scholar
• Jenkins , E.J. , Veitch , A.M. , Kutz , S.J. , Hoberg , E.P. and Polley , L. 2006 . Climate change and the epidemiology of protostrongylid nematodes in northern ecosystems: Parelaphostrongylus odocoilei and Potostrongylus stilesi in Dall’s sheep (Ovid d. dalli) . Parasitology , 132 : 387 – 401 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Albert , S. , Ramotnik , C.A. and Schmitt , C.G. 2004 . Collared peccary range expansion in northwestern New Mexico . Southwestern Naturalist , 49 : 524 – 528 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Forchhammer , M.C. , Post , E. , Stenseth , N.C. and Boertmann , D.M. 2002 . Long-term responses in arctic ungulate dynamics to changes in climatic and trophic processes . Population Ecology , 44 : 113 – 120 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bowyer , R.T. , Van Ballenberghe , V. and Kie , J.G. 1998 . Timing and synchrony of parturition in Alaskan moose: long-term versus proximal effects of climate . Journal of Mammalogy , 79 : 1332 – 1344 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Epps , C.W. , McCullough , D.R. , Wehausen , J.D. , Bleich , V.C. and Rechel , J.L. 2004 . Effects of climate change on population persistence of desert-dwelling mountain sheep in California . Conservation Biology , 18 : 102 – 113 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar