P3 amplitude attenuation secondary to increases in target-to-target interval (TTI) during spatial serial order recall: implications for EEG models of working memory function

References

• Baddeley AD. Working memory: looking back and looking forward. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2003;4(10):829–839.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill SK, Griffin GB, Houk JC, et al. Differential effects of paced and unpaced responding on delayed serial order recall in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2011;131(1–3):192–197.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Frank MJ, Loughry B, O’Reilly RC. Interactions between frontal cortex and basal ganglia in working memory: a computational model. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2001;1(2):137–160.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraser D, Park S, Clark G, et al. Spatial serial order processing in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2004;70(2–3):203–213.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manoach DS, Gollub RL, Benson ES, et al. Schizophrenic subjects show aberrant fMRI activation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia during working memory performance. Biol Psychiatry. 2000;48(2):99–109.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duncan CC, Barry RJ, Connolly JF, et al. Event-related potentials in clinical research: guidelines for eliciting, recording, and quantifying mismatch negativity, P300, and N400. Clin Neurophysiol. 2009;120(11):1883–1908.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Soltani M, Knight RT. Neural origins of the P300. Crit Rev Neurobiol. 2000;14(3–4):26.
   Google Scholar
• Nieuwenhuis S, Aston-Jones G, Cohen JD. Decision making, the P3, and the locus coeruleus–norepinephrine system. Psychol Bull. 2005;131:510–532.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bledowski C, Prvulovic D, Goebel R, et al. Attentional systems in target and distractor processing: a combined ERP and fMRI study. Neuroimage. 2004;22(2):530–540.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bledowski C, Prvulovic D, Hoechstetter K, et al. Localizing P300 generators in visual target and distractor processing: a combined event-related potential and functional magnetic resonance imaging study. J Neurosci. 2004;24(42):9353–9360.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polich J. Updating P300: an integrative theory of P3a and P3b. Clin Neurophysiol. 2007;118:2128–2148.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verleger R, Jaśkowski P, Wascher E. Evidence for an integrative role of P3b in linking reaction to perception. J Psychophysiol. 2005;19(3):165–181.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Westerfield MA, Zinni M, Vo K, et al. Tracking the sensory environment: an ERP study of probability and context updating in ASD. J Autism Dev Disord. 2015;45(2):600–611.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donchin E, Coles MGH. Is the P300 component a manifestation of context updating? Behav Brain Sci. 1988;11(3):357–374.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donchin E, Kubovy M, Kutas M, et al. Graded changes in evoked response (P300) amplitude as a function of cognitive activity. Percept Psychophys. 1973;14(2):319–324.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kok A. On the utility of P3 amplitude as a measure of processing capacity. Psychophysiology. 2001;38(3):557–577.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gonsalvez CJ, Polich J. P300 amplitude is determined by target-to-target interval. Psychophysiology. 2002;39(3):388–396.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hruby T, Marsalek P. Event-related potentials—the P3 wave. Acta Neurobiol Exp. 2003;63:55–63.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barone P, Joseph JP. Prefrontal cortex and spatial sequencing in macaque monkey. Exp Brain Res. 1989;78(3):447–464.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oldfield RC. The assessment and analysis of handedness: the Edinburgh inventory. Neuropsychologia. 1971;9(1):97–113.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider W, Eschman A, Zuccolotto A. E-Prime Reference Guide. Pittsburgh: Psychology Software Tools, Inc; 2001.
   Google Scholar
• Luck SJ. An introduction to the event-related potential technique. Monogr Soc Res Child Dev. 2005;78(3):388.
   Google Scholar
• Handy T, editor. Event-related potentials: a methods handbook. Cambridge (MA): MIT Press; 2005.
   Google Scholar
• The Mathworks Inc. MATLAB version 7.13.0. Natick (MA): The MathWorks Inc., 2011. Available from: http://www.mathworks.com/products/matlab/.
   Google Scholar
• Woodman GF. A brief introduction to the use of event-related potentials in studies of perception and attention. Attn Percp & Psychophys. 2010;72(8):2031–2046.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erdfelder E, Faul F, Buchner F. GPOWER: a general power analysis program. Beh Res Meth Inst & Comp. 1996;28(1):1–11.
   Google Scholar
• Bennington JY, Polich J. Comparison of P300 from passive and active tasks for auditory and visual stimuli. Int J Psychophysiol. 1999;34(2):171–177.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Polich J. Task difficulty, probability, and inter-stimulus interval as determinants of P300 from auditory stimuli. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol Evoked Potentials. 1987;68(4):311–320.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sambeth A, Maes JHR, Brankačk J. With long intervals, inter-stimulus interval is the critical determinant of the human P300 amplitude. Neurosci Lett. 2004;359(3):143–146.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gevins A, Smith ME, McEvoy L, et al. High-resolution EEG mapping of cortical activation related to working memory: effects of task difficulty, type of processing, and practice. Cereb Cortex. 1997;7(4):374–385.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ioannidis JPA. Why most published research findings are false. PLoS Med. 2005;2:0696–0701.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Djulbegovic B, Hozo I. When should potentially false research findings be considered acceptable? PLoS Med. 2007;4:0211–0217.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS. Using multivariate statistics [Internet]. Vol. 28. Pearson Education; 2007, p. 980. Available from: http://www.er.uqam.ca/nobel/r16424/PSY7102/Document3.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Glosser G, Gallo JL, Clark CM, et al. Memory encoding and retrieval in frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. Neuropsychology. 2002;16(2):190–196.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lamar M, Catani M, Price CC, et al. The impact of region-specific leukoaraiosis on working memory deficits in dementia. Neuropsychologia. 2008;46(10):2597–2601.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Insel TR, Gogtay N. National Institute of Mental Health Clinical Trials: new opportunities, new expectations. JAMA Psychiatry. 2014;71(7):745–746.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Insel TR. The NIMH experimental medicine initiative. World Psychiatry. 2015;14(2):151–153.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar