A proof-of-concept study comparing tinnitus and neural connectivity changes following multisensory perceptual training with and without a low-dose of fluoxetine

References

• De Ridder D, Elgoyhen AB, Romo R, Langguth B. Phantom percepts: tinnitus and pain as persisting aversive memory networks. Proc of the National Acad. Sci. 2011;108(20):8075–8080.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eggermont JJ. The neuroscience of tinnitus. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2012.
   Google Scholar
• Nicolas-Puel C, Akbaraly T, Lloyd R, et al. Characteristics of tinnitus in a population of 555 patients: specificities of tinnitus induced by noise trauma. Int Tinnitus J. 2006;12(1):64.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wu BP, Searchfield G, Exeter DJ, Lee A. Tinnitus prevalence in New Zealand. N. Z. Med. J. 2015;128(1423):24–34.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dobie RA. Depression and tinnitus. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2003;36(2):383–388.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Folmer RL, Griest SE, Meikle MB, Martin WH. Tinnitus severity, loudness, and depression. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1999;121(1):48–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feldmann H. Tinnitus - reality or phantom. In: JM Aran, R Dauman, editors. Tinnitus 91: proceedings of the fourth international tinnitus seminar. Amsterdam: Kugler Publications; 1992.
   Google Scholar
• Searchfield GD. Tinnitus what and where: an ecological framework. Front Neurol. 2014;5:271.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noreña AJ. Stimulating the auditory system to treat tinnitus: from alleviating the symptoms to addressing the causes. Tinnitus. 2012:217–253. ISBN 978-0-19-960560-6
   Google Scholar
• Noreña AJ. An integrative model of tinnitus based on a central gain controlling neural sensitivity. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2011;35(5):1089–1109.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saunders JC. The role of central nervous system plasticity in tinnitus. J Commun Disord. 2007;40(4):313–334.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bauer CA. Mechanisms of tinnitus generation.Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2004;12(5):413–417.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Eggermont JJ, Tass PA. Maladaptive neural synchrony in tinnitus: origin and restoration. Front Neurol. 2015;6 (FEB):1–12. doi:10.3389/fneur.2015.00029
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eggermont J, Roberts L. The neuroscience of tinnitus.Trends Neurosci. 2004;27(11):676–682.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mühlnickel W, Elbert T, Taub E, Flor H. Reorganization of auditory cortex in tinnitus. Proc National Acad Sci. 1998;95(17):10340–10343.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langers DR, de Kleine E, van Dijk P. Tinnitus does not require macroscopic tonotopic map reorganization. Front Syst Neurosci. 2012;6:1–15. doi:10.3389/fnsys.2012.00002.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dehmel S, Pradhan S, Koehler S, Bledsoe S, Shore S. Noise overexposure alters long-term somatosensory-auditory processing in the dorsal cochlear nucleus—possible basis for tinnitus-related hyperactivity? J Neurosci. 2012;32(5):1660–1671.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mirz F, Pedersen CB, Ishizu K, et al. Positron emission tomography of cortical centers of tinnitus. Hear Res. 1999;134(1-2):133–144.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Husain FT, Schmidt SA. Using resting state functional connectivity to unravel networks of tinnitus. Hear Res. 2014;307:153–162.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim J-y, Kim Y-h, Lee S, et al. Alteration of functional connectivity in tinnitus brain revealed by resting-state fMRI?: a pilot study. Int J Audiol. 2012;51(5):413–417.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maudoux A, Lefebvre P, Cabay J-E, et al. Auditory resting-state network connectivity in tinnitus: a functional MRI study. PLoS ONE. 2012;7(5):e36222.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maudoux A, Lefebvre P, Cabay J-E, et al. Connectivity graph analysis of the auditory resting state network in tinnitus. Brain Res. 2012;1485:10–21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ueyama T, Donishi T, Ukai S, et al. Brain regions responsible for tinnitus distress and loudness: a resting-state fMRI study. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(6):e67778.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burton H, Wineland A, Bhattacharya M, Nicklaus J, Garcia KS, Piccirillo JF. Altered networks in bothersome tinnitus: a functional connectivity study. BMC Neurosci. 2012;13(1):3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stein BE, Stanford TR. Multisensory integration: current issues from the perspective of the single neuron.Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 2008;9(4):255–266.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDonald JJ, Ward LM. Involuntary listening aids seeing: evidence from human electrophysiology. Psychol Sci. 2000;11(2):167–171.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McDonald JJ, Teder-Sälejärvi WA, Heraldez D, Hillyard SA. Electrophysiological evidence for the “missing link” in crossmodal attention. Can J Exp Psychol. 2001;55(2):141–149.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spence C, Nicholls ME, Gillespie N, Driver J. Cross-modal links in exogenous covert spatial orienting between touch, audition, and vision. Percept Psychophys. 1998;60(4):544–557.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoare DJ, Stacey PC, Hall DA. The efficacy of auditory perceptual training for tinnitus: a systematic review. Ann Behav Med. 2010;40(3):313–324.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoare DJ, Kowalkowski VL, Hall DA. Effects of frequency discrimination training on tinnitus: results from two randomised controlled trials. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2012;13(4):543–559.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Searchfield GD, Morrison-Low, J., & Wise, K. Object identification and attention training for treating tinnitus.Prog. Brain Res. 2007;166:441–460.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shams L, Seitz AR. Benefits of multisensory learning. Trends Cogn. Sci. (Regul. Ed.). 2008;12(11):411–417.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spiegel DP, Linford T, Thompson B, et al. Multisensory attention training for treatment of tinnitus. Sci Rep. 2015;5:10802.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bauer CA, Brozoski TJ. Effect of tinnitus retraining therapy on the loudness and annoyance of tinnitus: a controlled trial. Ear Hear. 2011;32(2):145–155.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Ridder D, Kilgard M, Engineer N, Vanneste S. Placebo-controlled vagus nerve stimulation paired with tones in a patient with refractory tinnitus: a case report. Otology & Neurotology. 2015;36(4):575–580.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shekhawat GS, Searchfield GD, Stinear CM. Randomized trial of transcranial direct current stimulation and hearing aids for tinnitus management. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2014;28(5):410–419.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bavelier D, Levi DM, Li RW, Dan Y, Hensch TK. Removing brakes on adult brain plasticity: from molecular to behavioral interventions. J Neurosci. 2010;30(45):14964–14971.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vetencourt, J. F. M., Sale, A., Viegi, A., Baroncelli, L., The antidepressant fluoxetine restores plasticity in the adult visual cortex. Science. 2008; 320(5874):385–388.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Normann C, Schmitz D, Furmaier A, Doing C, Bach M. Long-term plasticity of visually evoked potentials in humans is altered in major depression. Biol Psychiatry. 2007;62(5):373–380.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharif MH, Talebnejad MR, Rastegar K, Khalili MR, Nowroozzadeh MH. Oral fluoxetine in the management of amblyopic patients aged between 10 and 40 years old: a randomized clinical trial. Eye (Lond). 2019;33(7), 1060–1067.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lagas AK, Black JM, Russell BR, Kydd RR, Thompson B. The effect of combined patching and citalopram on visual acuity in adults with amblyopia: a randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled trial. BioRxiv. 2019;1–10. doi:10.1155/2019/5857243
   Google Scholar
• Lagas AK, Black JM, Byblow WD, Fleming MK, Goodman LK, Kydd RR, Russell BR, Stinear CM, Thompson B. Fluoxetine does not enhance visual perceptual learning and triazolam specifically impairs learning transfer. Front Hum Neurosci. 2016;10:532
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huttunen HJ, Palva JM, Lindberg L, Palva S, Saarela V, Karvonen E, Latvala ML, Liinamaa J, Booms S, Castren E, Uusitalo H. Fluoxetine does not enhance the effect of perceptual learning on visual function in adults with amblyopia. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):12830.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loubinoux I, Pariente J, Rascol O, Celsis P, Chollet F. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor paroxetine modulates motor behavior through practice. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-dose study in healthy subjects. Neuropsychologia. 2002;40(11):1815–1821.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Loubinoux I, Tombari D, Pariente J, Gerdelat-Mas A, Franceries X, Cassol E, Rascol O, Pastor J, Chollet F. Modulation of behavior and cortical motor activity in healthy subjects by a chronic administration of a serotonin enhancer. Neuroimage. 2005; 27(2):299–313.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chollet F, Tardy J, Albucher JF, Thalamas C, Berard E, Lamy C, Bejot Y, Deltour S, Jaillard A, Niclot P, Guillon B, Moulin T, Marque P, Pariente J, Arnaud C, Loubinoux I. Fluoxetine for motor recovery after acute ischaemic stroke (FLAME): a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Neurol. 2011;10(2):123–130.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meikle MB, Henry JA, Griest SE, et al. The tinnitus functional index: development of a new clinical measure for chronic, intrusive tinnitus. Ear and Hearing. 2012;33(2):153–176.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Langguth B, Goodey R, Azevedo A, et al. Consensus for tinnitus patient assessment and treatment outcome measurement: tinnitus research initiative meeting, regensburg, july 2006. Prog Brain Res. 2007;166:525–536.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newman CW, Sandridge SA, Jacobson GP. Psychometric adequacy of the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) for evaluating treatment outcome. J Am Acad Audiol. 1998;9(2):153–160.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Brown TA, Chorpita BF, Korotitsch W, Barlow DH. Psychometric properties of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) in clinical samples. Behav Res Ther. 1997;35(1):79–89.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benjamini Y, Krieger AM, Yekutieli D. Adaptive linear step-up procedures that control the false discovery rate. Biometrika. 2006;93(3):491–507.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ptak R. The frontoparietal attention network of the human brain: action, saliency, and a priority map of the environment. Neuroscientist. 2012;18(5):502–515.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang L, Liu X, Guise KG, Knight RT, Ghajar J, Fan J. Effective connectivity of the fronto-parietal network during attentional control. J Cogn Neurosci. 2010;22(3):543–553.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Posner MI, Rothbart MK. Research on attention networks as a model for the integration of psychological science. Annu Rev Psychol. 2007;58:1–23.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plewnia C, Bartels M, Gerloff C. Transient suppression of tinnitus by transcranial magnetic stimulation. Ann Neurol. 2003;53(2):263–266.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collignon O, Vandewalle G, Voss P, et al. Functional specialization for auditory-spatial processing in the occipital cortex of congenitally blind humans. Proc National Acad Sci. 2011;108(11):4435–4440.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu C-T, Weissman D, Roberts K, Woldorff M. The neural circuitry underlying the executive control of auditory spatial attention.Brain Res. 2007;1134(1):187–198.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Araneda R, De Volder AG, Deggouj N, et al. Altered top-down cognitive control and auditory processing in tinnitus: evidence from auditory and visual spatial stroop. Restor Neurol Neurosci. 2015;33(1):67–80.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lockwood AH, Salvi RJ, Coad M, Towsley M, Wack D, Murphy B. The functional neuroanatomy of tinnitus: evidence for limbic system links and neural plasticity. Neurol. 1998;50(1):114–120.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cullington H. Tinnitus evoked by finger movement: brain plasticity after peripheral deafferentation. Neurol. 2001;56(7):978–979.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pariente J, Loubinoux I, Carel C, et al. Fluoxetine modulates motor performance and cerebral activation of patients recovering from stroke. Ann Neurol. 2001;50(6):718–729.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar