Assessing perceived assembly complexity in human-robot collaboration processes: a proposal based on Thurstone’s law of comparative judgement

References

• Alkan, B. 2019. “An Experimental Investigation on the Relationship Between Perceived Assembly Complexity and Product Design Complexity.” International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing (IJIDeM) 13 (3): 1145–1157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12008-019-00556-9
   Google Scholar
• Alkan, B., D. A. Vera, M. Ahmad, B. Ahmad, and R. Harrison. 2018. “Complexity in Manufacturing Systems and Its Measures: A Literature Review.” European Journal of Industrial Engineering 12 (1): 116–150. https://doi.org/10.1504/EJIE.2018.089883
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ameri, F., J. Summers, G. Mocko, and M. Porter. 2008. “Engineering Design Complexity: An Investigation of Methods and Measures.” Research in Engineering Design 19 (2-3): 161–179. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00163-008-0053-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Battaïa, O., A. Dolgui, S. S. Heragu, S. M. Meerkov, and M. K. Tiwari. 2018. “Design for Manufacturing and Assembly/Disassembly: Joint Design of Products and Production Systems.” International Journal of Production Research 56 (24): 7181–7189. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2018.1549795
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bauer, A., D. Wollherr, and M. Buss. 2008. “Human–Robot Collaboration: A Survey.” International Journal of Humanoid Robotics 5 (1): 47–66. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219843608001303
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boothroyd, G. 1994. “Product Design for Manufacture and Assembly.” Computer-Aided Design 26 (7): 505–520. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-4485(94)90082-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boothroyd, G., and L. Alting. 1992. “Design for Assembly and Disassembly.” CIRP Annals 41 (2): 625–636. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-8506(07)63249-1
   Google Scholar
• Buerkle, A., H. Matharu, A. Al-Yacoub, N. Lohse, T. Bamber, and P. Ferreira. 2022. “An Adaptive Human Sensor Framework for Human–Robot Collaboration.” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 119 (1-2): 1233–1248. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-08299-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Capponi, M., L. Mastrogiacomo, D. Antonelli, and F. Franceschini. 2022. Product Complexity and Quality in Assembly Processes: State-of-the-Art and Challenges for Human-Robot Collaboration. In Proceedings Book of 5th International Conference on Quality Engineering and Management. University of Minho, Portugal, 142–167.
   Google Scholar
• Capponi, M., L. Mastrogiacomo, and F. Franceschini. 2023. “General Remarks on the Entropy-Inspired MCAT (Manufacturing Complexity Assessment Tool) Model to Assess Product Assembly Complexity.” Production Engineering 17 (6): 815–827. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-023-01212-8
   Google Scholar
• ElMaraghy, W., H. ElMaraghy, T. Tomiyama, and L. Monostori. 2012. “Complexity in Engineering Design and Manufacturing.” CIRP Annals 61 (2): 793–814. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2012.05.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ElMaraghy, W. H., and R. J. Urbanic. 2003. “Modelling of Manufacturing Systems Complexity.” CIRP Annals 52 (1): 363–366. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-8506(07)60602-7
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• ElMaraghy, W. H., and R. J. Urbanic. 2004. “Assessment of Manufacturing Operational Complexity.” CIRP Annals 53 (1): 401–406. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0007-8506(07)60726-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eskilander, S. 2001. Design for Automatic Assembly – A Method for Product Design: DFA2. Ph.D. dissertation, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden.
   Google Scholar
• Falck, A.-C., R. Örtengren, M. Rosenqvist, and R. Söderberg. 2017a. “Basic Complexity Criteria and Their Impact on Manual Assembly Quality in Actual Production.” International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 58: 117–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2016.12.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falck, A.-C., R. Örtengren, M. Rosenqvist, and R. Söderberg. 2017b. “Proactive Assessment of Basic Complexity in Manual Assembly: Development of a Tool to Predict and Control Operator-Induced Quality Errors.” International Journal of Production Research 55 (15): 4248–4260. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2016.1227103
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falck, A.-C., M. Tarrar, S. Mattsson, L. Andersson, M. Rosenqvist, and R. Söderberg. 2017. “Assessment of Manual Assembly Complexity: A Theoretical and Empirical Comparison of Two Methods.” International Journal of Production Research 55 (24): 7237–7250. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2017.1330571
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Franceschini, F., M. Galetto, and D. Maisano. 2019. Designing Performance Measurement Systems: Theory and Practice of Key Performance Indicators. Cham: Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Franceschini, F., and D. Maisano. 2020. “Adapting Thurstone’s Law of Comparative Judgment to Fuse Preference Orderings in Manufacturing Applications.” Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing 31 (2): 387–402. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-018-1452-5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fujimoto, H., A. Ahmed, Y. Iida, and M. Hanai. 2003. “Assembly Process Design for Managing Manufacturing Complexities Because of Product Varieties.” International Journal of Flexible Manufacturing Systems 15 (4): 283–307. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:FLEX.0000036031.33790.30
   Google Scholar
• Genta, G., M. Galetto, and F. Franceschini. 2018. “Product Complexity and Design of Inspection Strategies for Assembly Manufacturing Processes.” International Journal of Production Research 56 (11): 4056–4066. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2018.1430907
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gervasi, R., M. Capponi, L. Mastrogiacomo, and F. Franceschini. 2023. “Manual Assembly and Human–Robot Collaboration in Repetitive Assembly Processes: A Structured Comparison Based on Human-Centered Performances.” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 126 (3-4): 1213–1231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-11197-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gervasi, R., L. Mastrogiacomo, and F. Franceschini. 2020. “A Conceptual Framework to Evaluate Human-Robot Collaboration.” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 108 (3): 841–865. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-020-05363-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gualtieri, L., E. Rauch, and R. Vidoni. 2021. “Emerging Research Fields in Safety and Ergonomics in Industrial Collaborative Robotics: A Systematic Literature Review.” Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing 67: 101998. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcim.2020.101998
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hart, S. G., and L. E. Staveland. 1988. “Development of NASA-TLX (Task Load Index): Results of Empirical and Theoretical Research.” In Advances in Psychology, edited by P. A. Hancock, and N. Meshkati, 139–183. North-Holland.
   Google Scholar
• Hinckley, C. M. 1994. A Global Conformance Quality Model. A New Strategic Tool for Minimizing Defects Caused by Variation, Error, and Complexity. Ph.D. dissertation, Stanford University, United States.
   Google Scholar
• Hoffman, G. 2019. “Evaluating Fluency in Human–Robot Collaboration.” IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems 49 (3): 209–218. https://doi.org/10.1109/THMS.2019.2904558
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hvam, L., C. L. Hansen, C. Forza, N. H. Mortensen, and A. Haug. 2020. “The Reduction of Product and Process Complexity Based on the Quantification of Product Complexity Costs.” International Journal of Production Research 58 (2): 350–366. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2019.1587188
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, X., X. Yang, and M. Lei. 2021. “Optimisation of Mixed-Model Assembly Line Balancing Problem Under Uncertain Demand.” Journal of Manufacturing Systems 59: 214–227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmsy.2021.02.019
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Madappilly, P. J., and O. J. Mork. 2021. “Review and Modification of DFA2 Methodology to Support Design for Automatic Assembly (DFAA) in the Maritime Industry.” Procedia CIRP 100: 744–749. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2021.05.050
   Google Scholar
• Maddikunta, P. K. R., Q. V. Pham, B. Prabadevi, N. Deepa, K. Dev, T. R. Gadekallu, R. Ruby, and M. Liyanage. 2022. “Industry 5.0: A Survey on Enabling Technologies and Potential Applications.” Journal of Industrial Information Integration 26: 100257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jii.2021.100257
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maisano, D. A., D. Antonelli, and F. Franceschini. 2019. Assessment of Failures in Collaborative Human-Robot Assembly Workcells. In 20th Working Conference on Virtual Enterprises (PRO-VE). Turin, Italy, 562–571.
   Google Scholar
• Malik, A. A., and A. Bilberg. 2019. “Complexity-Based Task Allocation in Human-Robot Collaborative Assembly.” Industrial Robot: The International Journal of Robotics Research and Application 46 (4): 471–480. https://doi.org/10.1108/IR-11-2018-0231
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mattsson, S., M. Karlsson, P. Gullander, H. Van Landeghem, L. Zeltzer, V. Limère, E.-H. Aghezzaf, Å Fasth, and J. Stahre. 2014. “Comparing Quantifiable Methods to Measure Complexity in Assembly.” International Journal of Manufacturing Research 9 (1): 112–130. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMR.2014.059602
   Google Scholar
• Mattsson, S., M. Tarrar, and Å Fast-Berglund. 2016. “Perceived Production Complexity – Understanding More Than Parts of a System.” International Journal of Production Research 54 (20): 6008–6016. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2016.1154210
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mattsson, S., M. Tarrar, and N. Harari. 2020. “Using the CompleXity Index for Improvement Work: Investigating Utilisation in an Automotive Company.” International Journal of Manufacturing Research 15 (1): 3. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMR.2020.105503
   Google Scholar
• Parsa, S., and M. Saadat. 2021. “Human-robot Collaboration Disassembly Planning for End-of-Life Product Disassembly Process.” Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing 71: 102170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcim.2021.102170
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roulet-Dubonnet, O., R. K. Sandøy, and KØ Schulte. 2018. “Case Study: Application of Design for Automated Assembly Methods in the Development of an Electronic Product from Early Design to Design Freeze.” Procedia CIRP 70: 192–197. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2018.02.017
   Google Scholar
• Samy, S. N., and H. ElMaraghy. 2010. “A Model for Measuring Products Assembly Complexity.” International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing 23 (11): 1015–1027. https://doi.org/10.1080/0951192X.2010.511652
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samy, S. N., and H. ElMaraghy. 2012. “A Model for Measuring Complexity of Automated and Hybrid Assembly Systems.” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 62 (5-8): 813–833. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-011-3844-y
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shannon, C. E. 1948. “A Mathematical Theory of Communication.” The Bell System Technical Journal 27 (4): 623–656. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb00917.x
   Google Scholar
• Shapiro, S. S., and M. B. Wilk. 1965. “An Analysis of Variance Test for Normality (Complete Samples)†.” Biometrika 52 (3-4): 591–611. https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/52.3-4.591
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shibata, H. 2002. Global Assembly Quality Methodology: A New Method for Evaluating Assembly Complexities in Globally Distributed Manufacturing. Ph.D. dissertation, Stanford University, United States.
   Google Scholar
• Sigurjónsson, V., K. Johansen, and C. Rösiö. 2022. “Exploring the Operator’s Perspective Within Changeable and Automated Manufacturing – A Literature Review.” Procedia CIRP 107: 369–374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2022.04.060
   Google Scholar
• Sinha, K. 2014. Structural Complexity and Its Implications for Design of Cyber-Physical Systems. Ph.D. dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, United States.
   Google Scholar
• Sinha, K., and O. L. de Weck. 2014. “Structural Complexity Quantification for Engineered Complex Systems and Implications on System Architecture and Design.” In Proceedings of the ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. Portland, Oregon, USA.
   Google Scholar
• Stevens, S. S. 1946. “On the Theory of Scales of Measurement.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 103 (2684): 677–680. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.103.2684.677
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Su, Q., L. Liu, and D. E. Whitney. 2010. “A Systematic Study of the Prediction Model for Operator-Induced Assembly Defects Based on Assembly Complexity Factors.” IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics - Part A: Systems and Humans 40 (1): 107–120. https://doi.org/10.1109/TSMCA.2009.2033030
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sudhoff, M., P. Schüler, M. Herzog, and B. Kuhlenkötter. 2022. “Proving the Applicability of Assembly Complexity Measures for Process Time Prediction of Customer-Specific Production.” Procedia CIRP 107: 381–386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2022.04.062
   Google Scholar
• Sun, H., and S. Fan. 2018. “Car Sequencing for Mixed-Model Assembly Lines with Consideration of Changeover Complexity.” Journal of Manufacturing Systems 46: 93–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmsy.2017.11.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thurstone, L. L. 1927. “A Law of Comparative Judgment.” Psychological Review 34: 273–286. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0070288
   Google Scholar
• Tuckey, J. 1977. Exploratory Data Analysis. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
   Google Scholar
• Verna, E., G. Genta, and M. Galetto. 2023. “A New Approach for Evaluating Experienced Assembly Complexity Based on Multi Expert-Multi Criteria Decision Making Method.” Research in Engineering Design 34 (3): 301–325. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00163-023-00409-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verna, E., G. Genta, M. Galetto, and F. Franceschini. 2022a. “Defect Prediction for Assembled Products: A Novel Model Based on the Structural Complexity Paradigm.” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 120 (5): 3405–3426. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-022-08942-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verna, E., G. Genta, M. Galetto, and F. Franceschini. 2022b. “Defects-Per-Unit Control Chart for Assembled Products Based on Defect Prediction Models.” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 119 (5–6): 2835–2846. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-08157-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Villani, V., F. Pini, F. Leali, and C. Secchi. 2018. “Survey on Human–Robot Collaboration in Industrial Settings: Safety, Intuitive Interfaces and Applications.” Mechatronics 55: 248–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechatronics.2018.02.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, H., and S. J. Hu. 2010. “Manufacturing Complexity in Assembly Systems with Hybrid Configurations and Its Impact on Throughput.” CIRP Annals 59 (1): 53–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2010.03.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Y., J. Wang, J. Feng, J. Liu, and X. Liu. 2022. “Integrated Task Sequence Planning and Assignment for Human–Robot Collaborative Assembly Station.” Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal 35: 979–1006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, H., H. Wang, and S. J. Hu. 2013. “Utilizing Variant Differentiation to Mitigate Manufacturing Complexity in Mixed-Model Assembly Systems.” Journal of Manufacturing Systems 4 (4): 731–740. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmsy.2013.09.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilcoxon, F. 1945. “Individual Comparisons by Ranking Methods.” Biometrics Bulletin 1 (6): 80–83. https://doi.org/10.2307/3001968
   Google Scholar
• Zanchettin, A. M., N. M. Ceriani, P. Rocco, H. Ding, and B. Matthias. 2016. “Safety in Human-Robot Collaborative Manufacturing Environments: Metrics and Control.” IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering 13 (2): 882–893. https://doi.org/10.1109/TASE.2015.2412256
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeltzer, L., E.-H. Aghezzaf, and V. Limère. 2017. “Workload Balancing and Manufacturing Complexity Levelling in Mixed-Model Assembly Lines.” International Journal of Production Research 55 (10): 2829–2844. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2016.1213452
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu, X., S. J. Hu, Y. Koren, and S. P. Marin. 2008. “Modeling of Manufacturing Complexity in Mixed-Model Assembly Lines.” Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 130 (5): 051013.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar