Development of Orientation to the Future during Early Adolescence: A Four-Year Longitudinal Study and Two Cross-Sectional Comparisons

References

• Baltes P.B. Reese H.W. Nesselroad J.R. 1977. Life-span developmental psychology: Introduction to research methods. Monterey, CA: Brooks
   Google Scholar
• Cameron P. Desai K.G. Bahador D. Dremel G. 1977–78. Temporality across the life-span. International Journal of Aging and Human Development 8, 229–239
   Google Scholar
• Dannefer D. 1984. Adult development and social theory: A paradigmatic reappraisal. American Sociological Review 49, 100–116
   Google Scholar
• Dixon, W.J. (ed.), 1981. BMDP Statistical Software. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press
   Google Scholar
• Escalona S. 1982. Growing up with the threat of nuclear war: Some indirect effects on personality development. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 52, 600–607
   Google Scholar
• Gillies P. Elmwood J.M. Hawtin P. 1985. Anxieties in adolescents about employment and war. British Medical Journal 291, 383
   Google Scholar
• Gillispie J.M. Allport G.W. 1955. Youth’s outlook on the future (a cross-national study). New York: Doubleday & Company
   Google Scholar
• Goldberg S. Lacombe S. Levinson D. Ross K.R. Parker C. Ross Sommers F. 1985. Thinking about the threat of nuclear war: Relevance to mental health. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 55, 503–512
   Google Scholar
• Greene A.L. 1986. Future-time perspective in adolescence: The present of things future revised. Journal of Youth and Adolescence 15, 99–111
   Google Scholar
• Hacker W. 1985., ‘Activity: A fruitful concept in industrial psychology’. In: M. Frew and J. Sabini (eds.), Goal-directed behavior: The concept of action in psychology. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
   Google Scholar
• Havighurst R.J. 1974. Developmental tasks and education (3rd ed.). New York: McKay. (Original work published 1948.)
   Google Scholar
• Heinonen V. 1963. Differentiation of primary mental abilities. Jyväskylä Studies in Education, Psychology, and Social Research. Jyväskylä: University of Jyväskylä
   Google Scholar
• Klineberg S.L. 1967. Changes in outlook of the future between childhood and adolescence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 7, 185–193
   Google Scholar
• Kreitler S. Kreitler H. 1987. ‘Plans and planning; their motivational and cognitive antecedents’. In: Friedman, S.H., Kofsky, E.K., Scholnick and Cocking, R.R. (eds.), Blueprints for thinking. The role of planning in cognitive development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
   Google Scholar
• Lamm H. Schmidt R.W. Trommsdorff G. 1976. Sex and social class as determinants of future orientation in adolescent. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 34, 317–326
   Google Scholar
• Lessing E.E. 1972. Extension of personal future time perspective, age, and life satisfaction of children and adolescents. Developmental Psychology 6, 457–468
   Google Scholar
• McGillicuddy-De Lisi A.V. Flaugher J. Sigel I.E. 1987. ‘Familial influences on planning’. In: Friedman, S.H., Kofsky, E.K., Schohvck and R.R Cocking (eds.), Blueprints for thinking. The role of planning in cognitive development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
   Google Scholar
• Mehta P.H. Rohila P.K. Sandberg N.D. Tyler L.E. 1972. Future time perspective of adolescents in India and the United States. Journal of Cross–Cultural Psychology 3, 293–302
   Google Scholar
• Meissner W.W. 1961. Some indications of sources of anxiety in adolescents. Journal of Genetic Psychology 99, 65–73
   Google Scholar
• Myers J.L. 1979. Fundamentals of experimental design. Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon Inc
   Google Scholar
• Mönks F. 1968. Future time perspective in adolescents. Human Development 11, 107–123
   Google Scholar
• Nie N.H. Hull C.N. Jenkins J.G. Steinbrenner K. Bent D.H. 1975. Statistical package for social sciences. New York: McGraw-Hill
   Google Scholar
• Nurmi J.E. 1987a. Adolescents’ future orientation, life span, and socialization in the family context. A poster presented at the IX Biennial Meeting of International Society for the Study of Behavioural Development, July 12–16, 1987, Tokyo. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 289 615.)
   Google Scholar
• Nurmi J.E. 1987b. Age, sex, social class, and quality of family interaction as determinants of adolescents’ future orientation: A developmental task interpretation. Adolescence 22, 977–991
   Google Scholar
• Nurmi J.E. 1988. Experience of the threat of war among Finnish adolescents: Effects of thinking about the future, and comparison of methods. Medicine and War 4, 199–210
   Google Scholar
• Nurmi J.E. 1989. Planning, motivation, and evaluation in orientation to the future: A latent structure analysis. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology 30, (in press)
   Google Scholar
• Nuttin J.R. 1984. Motivation, planning, and action. A relational theory of behavior dynamics. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum
   Google Scholar
• Oppenheimer L. 1987. ‘Cognitive and social variables in the plan of action’. In: Friedman, S.H., Kofsky E.K. Scholnick and Cocking R.R. (eds.), Blueprints for thinking. The role of planning in cognitive development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
   Google Scholar
• Oppenheimer L. van der Wilk R. 1987. Children’s interests: development and gender differences. (Unpublished manuscript.)
   Google Scholar
• Pea R.D. Hawkins J. 1987. ‘Planning in achore-scheduling task’. In: Friedman S.H., Kofsky E.K., Scholnick and Cocking R.R. (eds.), Blueprints for thinking. The role of planning in cognitive development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
   Google Scholar
• Petersen A.C. 1988. Adolescent development. Annual Review of Psychology 39, 583–607
   Google Scholar
• Poole M.E. Cooney G.H. 1987. Orientations to the future: A comparison of adolescents in Australia and Singapore. Journal of Youth and Adolescence 16, 129–151
   Google Scholar
• Rakowski W. 1979. Future time perspective in later adulthood: Review and research directions. Experimental Aging Research 5, 43–88
   Google Scholar
• Solantaus T. 1987. Hopes and worries of young people in three European countries. Health Promotion 2, 19–27
   Google Scholar
• Sandberg N.D. Poole M.E. Tyler L.E. 1983. Adolescents’ expectations of future events-A cross cultural study of Australians, Americans, and Indians. International Journal of Psychology 18, 415–427
   Google Scholar
• Trommsdorff G. Burger C. Fuchsle T. 1982. ‘Social and psychological aspects of future orientation’. In: M. Irle (ed.), Studies in decision making. Berlin: de Gruyter
   Google Scholar
• Trommsdorff G. Lamm H. Schmidt R.W. 1979. A longitudinal study of adolescents’ future orientation (time perspective). Journal of Youth and Adolescence 8, 132–147
   Google Scholar
• Verstraeten D. 1980. Level of realism in adolescent future time perspective. Human Development 23, 177–191
   Google Scholar
• de Volder M. 1979. Time orientation: A review. Psychologica Belgica XIX–1, 61–79
   Google Scholar
• Wallace M. Rabin A.I. 1960. Temporal experience. Psychological Bulletin 57, 213–236
   Google Scholar
• Webb J. Mayers B.S. 1974. Developmental aspects of temporal orientation in adolescents. Journal of Clinical Psychology 30, 504–507
   Google Scholar
• Weiner B. 1985. An attributional theory of achievement motivation and emotion. Psychological Review 92, 548–573
   Google Scholar