7
Views
2
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Vertebrate Biology

BEHAVIOURAL TRIANGULATION OF THE HEAD IN THREE BOIGINE SNAKES: POSSIBLE CASES OF MIMICRY

Pages 205-228 | Received 30 Oct 1983, Published online: 30 Apr 2013

REFERENCES

  • Anderson , J. 1898 . Zoology of Egypt, Vol 1 London : Bernard Quaritch . Rep tilia and Batrachia. 371
  • Andersson , M. 1980 . Why are there so many threat displays? J . Theor. Biol , 86 : 773 – 781 .
  • Anon . 1867 . Mimicry and other protective resemblances among animals . Westminster Rev., New Ser , 32 : 1 – 43 .
  • Arnold , E. N. , Burton , J. A. and Ovenden , D. W. 1978 . A Field Guide to the Reptiles and Amphibians of Britain and Europe 272 London : Collins .
  • Baran , I. 1976 . Türkiye Yilanlarinin Taksonomik Revizyonu ve Cografi Dagiliilari. TBTAK Yayinlari No 309, T.B.A.G. Seri, No. 9, Ankara 177
  • Başoglu , M. and Baran , I. 1980 . Türkiye Sürüngenleri, Kisim 2, Yilanlar. Ege Üniversitesi Matbaasi, Bornova-Izmir 218
  • Brattstrom , B. H. 1955 . The coral snake “mimic” problem and protective coloration . Evolution , 9 : 217 – 219 .
  • Brower , L. P. 1971 . Prey coloration and predator behavior. In: Topics in the Study of Life: The BIO Source Book, Sect. 6, Animal Behavior. Harper and Row 360 – 370 .
  • Brower , L. P. , Alcock , J. and Brower , J. V.Z. 1971 . “ Avian feeding behavior and the selective advantage of incipient mimicry. ” . In Ecological Genetics and Evolution Edited by: Creed , R. 261 – 274 . Oxford : Blackwell .
  • Bruno , S. and Perco , F. 1980 . Considerazioni ecologiche ed etologiche sul biancone (Circaetus gallicus) . “Natura Bresciana” Ann. Mus. Civ. St. Nat. Bresica , 17 : 124 – 210 .
  • Carpenter , C. C. and Ferguson , G. W. 1977 . “ Variation and evolution of stereotyped behavior in reptiles. ” . In Biology of the Reptilia, Vol Edited by: Gans , C. and Tinkle , D. W. 335 – 554 . New York : Academic Press . 7
  • Cogger , H. G. 1975 . Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia Sydney : Reed . Wellington and London
  • Conant , R. 1958 . A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of the United States and Canada East of the 100th Meridian. Houghton Miflin, Boston
  • Cramp , S. 1980 . The Birds of the Western Palearctic, Vol 96 – 103 . Oxford : University Press . 2. Hawks and Bustards
  • Dawkins , R. and Krebs , J. R. 1978 . “ Animal signals: information or manipulation? ” . In Behavioural Ecology Edited by: Krebs , J. R. and Davies , N. B. 282 – 315 . Oxford : Blackwell .
  • Dice , L. R. 1947 . Effectiveness of selection by owls of deermice (Peromyscus maniculatus) which contrast in color with their background . Contrib. Lab. Vert. Biol., Univ. Michigan , 34 : 1 – 20 .
  • Duncan , C. J. and Sheppard , P. M. 1964 . Sensory discrimination and its role in the evolution of Batesian mimicry . Behaviour , 24 : 269 – 282 .
  • Dundee , H. A. 1950 . Additional records of Hypsiglena from Oklahoma, with some notes on the behavior and the eggs . Herpetologica , 6 : 28 – 30 .
  • Dunn , E. R. 1954 . The coral snake “mimic” problem in Panama . Evolution , 8 : 97 – 102 .
  • Ewer , R. F. 1968 . Ethology of Mammals. Logos Press, London
  • FitzSimons , V. F.M. 1962 . Snakes of Southern Africa. Macdonald, London
  • Flower , S. S. 1933 . Notes on the recent reptiles and amphibians of Egypt, with a list of the species recorded from that kingdom . Proc. Zool. Soc. London , 1933 : 735 – 851 .
  • Gans , C. 1961 . “ Mimicry in procryptically colored snakes of the genus ” . In Dasypeltis. Evolution IS: 72 – 91 .
  • Gans , C. and Latifi , M. 1973 . Another case of presumptive mimicry in snakes . Copeia , 1973 : 801 – 802 .
  • Greene , H. W. 1973 . Defensive tail display by snakes and amphisbaenians . J. Herpetol , 7 : 143 – 161 .
  • Greene , H. W. 1977 . The aardwolf as hyaena mimic: an open question . Anim. Behav , 25 : 245 – 246 .
  • Greene , H. W. and McDiarmid , R. W. 1981 . Coral snake mimicry: does it occur? . Science , 213 : 1207 – 1212 .
  • Hecht , M. K. and Marien , D. 1956 . The coral snake mimic problem: a reinterpretation . J. Morphol , 98 : 335 – 365 .
  • Hoesch , W. 1958 . Ueber das zusammenwirken von Faerbung und Verhalten . J. Omithol , 99 : 173 – 177 .
  • Hoesch , W. 1959 . Von der Maulwurfsnatter (Pseudaspis cana) . Natur Volk , 89 : 202 – 205 .
  • Huheey , J. E. 1961 . Studies in warning coloration and mimicry . 3. Evolution of Muellerian mimicry. Evolution , 15 : 567 – 568 .
  • Huheey , J. E. 1964 . Studies of warning coloration and mimicry . 4. A mathematical model of model-mimic frequencies. Ecology , 45 : 185 – 188 .
  • Jackson , J. F. W. , Ingram , III and Campbell , H. W. 1976 . The dorsal pigmentation pattern of snakes as an antipredator strategy: a multivariate approach . Amer. Nat , 110 : 1029 – 1053 .
  • Jaksić , F. M. , Greene , H. W. , Schwenk , K. and Scib , R. L. 1982 . Prédation upon reptiles in Mediterranean habitats of Chile, Spain and California: a comparative analysis . Oecologia , 53 : 152 – 159 .
  • Jeffords , M. R. , Sternburg , J. G. and Waldbauer , G. P. 1979 . Batesian mimicry: field demonstration of the survival value of pipevine swallowtail and monarch color patterns . Evolution , 33 : 275 – 286 .
  • Kaufmann , J. H. and Kaufmann , A. 1965 . Observations on the behavior of tayras and grisons . Z. Saeugetierkd , 30 : 146 – 155 .
  • Klemmer , K. 1963 . Liste der rezenten Giftschlangen 255 – 464 . Marburg : Elwert . Elapidae, Hydropheidae, Viperidae und Crotalidae. In: Die Giftschlangen der Erde. Behringwerk-Mitteilungen/Lahn
  • Kochva , E. 1978 . “ Oral glands of the Reptilia. ” . In Biology of the Reptilia, Vol Edited by: Gans , C. 43 – 162 . London and New York : Academic Press . 8
  • Kroon , C. 1975 . A possible Muellerian mimetic complex among snakes . Copeia , 1975 : 425 – 428 .
  • Leeson , F. 1950 . Identification of Snakes of the Gold Coast. Crown Agents for the Colonies, London
  • Longley , W. H. 1917 . Studies upon the biological significance of animal coloration . 2. A revised working hypothesis of mimicry. Am. Nat , 51 : 257 – 285 .
  • Loveridge , A. 1945 . Reptiles of the Pacific World New York : Macmillan .
  • Loverdige , A. 1953 . Zoological results of the fifth expedition to East Africa . 3. Reptiles from Nyasaland and Tete. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool , 110 : 141 – 322 .
  • Marx , H. 1968 . Checklist of the Reptiles and Amphibians of Egypt. Special Publ., US Naval Medical Research Unit 3, Cairo
  • Mebs , D. 1977 . Bissverletzungen durch “ungiftige” Schlangen . Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr , 102 : 1429 – 1431 .
  • Mendelssohn , H. 1963 . On the biology of the venomous snakes of Israel, 1 . Isr. J. Zool , 12 : 143 – 170 .
  • Mendelssohn , H. 1977 . On the biology of the venomous snakes of Israel . Fam. Physician , 7 : 8 – 9 . (English abstract; text in Hebrew, Rofe Hamishpaha 7: 29–56)
  • Mertens , R. 1946 . Die Warn-und Droh-Reaktionen der Reptilien . Abh. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges , 471 : 1 – 108 .
  • Norris , K. S. and Lowe , C. H. 1964 . An analysis of background color-matching in amphibians and reptiles . Ecology , 45 : 565 – 580 .
  • Nur , U. 1970 . Evolutionary rates of models and mimics in Batesian mimicry . Am. Nat , 104 : 477 – 486 .
  • Pilecki , C. and O'Donald , P. 1971 . The effects of predation on artificial mimetic polymorphisms with perfect and imperfect mimics at varying frequencies . Evolution , 25 : 365 – 370 .
  • Pope , C. H. 1935 . The Reptiles of China New York : American Museum of Natural History .
  • Pough , F. H. , Brower , L. P. , Meek , H. R. and Kessell , S. R. 1973 . Theoretical investigations of automimicry: multiple trial learning and the palatability spectrum . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , 70 : 2261 – 2265 .
  • Randall , J. E. and Randall , H. A. 1960 . Examples of mimicry and protective resemblance in tropical marine fishes . Bull. Marine Sci. Gulf and Caribbean , 10 : 444 – 480 .
  • Rettenmeyer , C. W. 1970 . Insect mimicry . Ann. Rev. Entomol , 15 : 43 – 74 .
  • Rose , W. 1950 . The Reptiles and Amphibians of Southern Africa. Bailey, London
  • de Ruiter , L. 1958 . Some remarks on problems of the ecology and evolution of mimicry. Arch. Neerl. Zool. 13 (Suppl. 1): 351 – 368 .
  • Safriel , U. 1968 . Bird migration at Elat, Israel . Ibis , 110 : 283 – 320 .
  • Schreiber , E. 1912 . Herpetologica europaea Jena : Fischer .
  • Sheppard , P. M. 1959 . The evolution of mimicry; a problem in ecology and genetics . Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol , 24 : 131 – 140 .
  • Smith , S. M. 1977 . Coral-snake pattern recognition and stimulus generalization by naive great kiskadees (Aves: Tyrannidae) . Nature (London) , 265 : 535 – 536 .
  • Stebbins , R. C. 1966 . A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians. Houghton Miflin, Cambridge
  • Sternfeld , R. 1908 . Mimikry bei afrikanischen Schlangen . Sitzungsber. Ges. Naturforsch. Freunde Berlin , 1908 ( 4 ) : 89 – 91 .
  • Steward , J. W. 1971 . The Snakes of Europe. David and Charles, Newton Abbot
  • Wahrman , J. 1970 . Distribution maps Amsterdam : Elsevier . Atlas of Israel. Ministry of Labour, Jerusalem and
  • Wallace , A. R. 1889 . Darwinism London : Macmillan . Reprinted 1890
  • Weale , J. P. 1871 . Protective resemblances . Nature (London) , 3 : 507 – 508 .
  • Werner , F. 1909 . Review of “Mimikry bei afrikanischen Schlangen” by Sternfeld, 1908 . Zool. Zentralbl , 16 : 514 – 515 .
  • Werner , F. 1936 . Reptiles from Mount Trodos, Cyprus . Proc. Zool. Soc. London , 1936 : 655 – 658 . pl. 1
  • Werner , Y. L. 1966 . The Reptiles of Israel. Dept. of Zoology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem (in Hebrew)
  • Werner , Y. L. 1973 . The Reptiles of the Sinai Peninsula. Dept. of Zoology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem (in Hebrew)
  • Werner , Y. L. 1982 . “ Herpetological survey of the Sinai Peninsula (1967–77), with emphasis on the Saharan sand community. ” . In Herpetological Communities. US Fish Wildl. Serv., Wildlife Research Report 13: Edited by: Scot , N. J. Jr. 153 – 161 .
  • Werner , Y. L. and Frankenberg , E. 1982 . Head triangulation in two colubrine snakes: probable behavioural reinforcement of Batesian mimicry . Isr. J. Zool , 31 : 137 – 150 .
  • Wickler , W. 1968 . Mimicry in Plants and Animals London : Weidenfeld and Nicolson .
  • Zinner , H. 1977 . The status of Telescopus hoogstraali Schmidt and Marx 1956 and the Telescopus fallax 1831 complex (Reptilia, Serpentes, Colubridae) . J. Herpetol , 11 : 207 – 212 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.