References

• AOAC. (1997). Official methods of analysis (16th ed.). Arlington, VA: Author.
   Google Scholar
• Belitz, H-D, Grosch W, & Schieberle P (2009). Food chemistry (4th ed., pp. 472–474). Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag.
   Google Scholar
• Brasil, Ministério da Saúde. (2001). Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária. Legislação. VisaLegis. Instrução Normativa n.3, de 19 de Janeiro de 2001. Aprova os Regulamentos Técnicos de Identidade e Qualidade de Apitoxina, Cera de Abelha, Geléia Real, Geléia Real Liofilizada, Pólen Apícola, Própolis e Extrato de Própolis [Approved regulations for techniques of identity and quality of apitoxin, bee wax, royal jelly, lyophilized royal jelly, bee pollen, propolis and propolis extract]. Retrieved from http://www.agricultura.gov.br/.2001
   Google Scholar
• Campos, M.G., Bogdanov, S., de Almeida-Muradian, L.B., Szczesna, T., Mancebo, Y., Frigerio, C., & Ferreira F. (2008). Pollen composition and standardisation of analytical methods. Journal of Apicultural Research, 47, 154–161. doi:10.3896/IBRA.1.47.2.12
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carpes, S.T., Cabral, I.S.R, Luz, C.F.P, Capeletti, J.P, Alencar, S.M., & Masson, M.L. (2009). Palynological and physicochemical characterization of Apis mellifera L. bee pollen in the southern region of Brazil. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 7, 667–673.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chinn, R.Y., & Diamond, R.D. (1982). Generation of chemotactic factors by Rhizopus oryzae in the presence and absence of serum: Relationship to hyphal damage mediated by human neutrophils and effects of hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis. Infection and Immunity, 38, 1123–1129. Retrieved from http://iai.asm.org/content/38/3/1123
   Google Scholar
• Coronel, B.B., Grasso, D., Pereira, S.C., & Fernández G. (2004). Caracterizatión bromatológica del pólen apícola Argentino [Bromatological characterization of Argentinean bee pollen]. Ciencia, Docencia y Tecnología, XV, 141–181. Retrieved from http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=14502906
   Google Scholar
• EC No. 1881. (2006). Commission Regulation of 19 December 2006 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs. Retrieved from http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2006:364:0005:0024:EN:PDF
   Google Scholar
• Estevinho, L.M., Rodrigues, S., Pereira, A.P., & Feás X. (2012). Portuguese bee pollen: Palynological study, nutritional and microbiological evaluation. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 47, 429–435. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2621.2011.02859.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feás, X., Vázquez-Tato, M.P., Estevinho, L., Seijas, J.A., & Iglesias, A. (2012). Organic bee pollen: Botanical Origin, nutritional value, bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity and microbiological quality. Molecules, 17, 8359–8377. doi:10.3390/molecules17078359
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• GB/T19330-2003. (2003). Product of designations of origin or geographical indication-Raohe (Northeast-China black bee) honey, royal jelly, propolis, bee pollen (in Chinese). General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing, China.
   Google Scholar
• González, G., Hinojo, M.J., Mateo, R., Medina, A., & Jiménez M (2005). Occurrence of mycotoxin producing fungi in bee pollen. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 105(1), 1–9. doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2005.05.001
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IARC. (2002). Some traditional herbal medicines, some mycotoxins, naphthalene and styrene in IARC (international Association for Research on Cancer) monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans (Vol. 82, pp. 171–275). Lyon: IARC Press. Retrieved from https://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol82/mono82.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Kačániová, M., Juráček, M., Chlebo, R., Kňazovická, V., Kadasi-Horáková, M., Kunová, S., … Šimko, M. (2011). Mycobiota and mycotoxins in bee pollen collected from different areas of Slovakia. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B: Pesticides, Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes, 46, 623–629. doi:10.1080/03601234.2011.589322
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krell, R. (1996). Value-added products from beekeeping. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome FAO Agricultural Services Bulletin, 124, 87–113. Retrieved from http://www.apiterapia.biz/pliki/value_added_products.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food [MAFF]. (1999). Survey of aflatoxins, ochratoxin A. Fumonisis and zearalenone in raw maize. Edinburgh: Scottish Executive Department of Health, Food Surveillance Information, Sheet No. 192.
   Google Scholar
• Magan, N., & Lacey, J. (1984). Effect of temperature and pH on water relations of field and storage fungi. Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 82, 71–81.10.1016/S0007-1536(84)80213-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moss, M.O. (1996). Mycotoxins. Mycological Research, 100, 513–523.10.1016/S0953-7562(96)80001-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moss, M.O. (1998). Recent studies of mycotoxins. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 84, 62S–76S.10.1046/j.1365-2672.1998.0840s162S.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nilüfer, D., & Boyacıoǧlu, D. (2002). A comparative study of three different methods for the determinations of aflatoxins in Tahini. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50, 3375–3379. doi:10.1021/jf020005a
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niu, G., Johnson, R.M., & Berenbaum, M.R. (2011). Toxicity of mycotoxins to honey bees and its amelioration by propolis. Apidologie, 42, 79–87. doi:10.1051/apido/2010039
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nogueira, C., Iglesias, A., Feás, X., & Estevinho, L.M. (2012). Commercial bee pollen with different geographical origins: A comprehensive approach. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 13, 11173–11187. doi:10.3390/ijms130911173
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Petrović, T., Nedić, N., Paunović, D., Rajić, J., Matović, K., Radulović, Z., & Krnjaja, V. (2014). Natural mycobiota and aflatoxin B1 presence in bee pollen collected in Serbia. Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry, 30, 731–741. doi:10.2298/BAH1404731P
   Google Scholar
• Pitta, M., & Markaki, P. (2010). Study of aflatoxin B1 production by Aspergillus parasiticus in bee pollen of Greek origin. Mycotoxin Research, 26, 229–234. doi:10.1007/s12550-010-0060-9
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Reif, K., & Metzger, W. (1995). Determination of aflatoxins in medicinal herbs and plant extracts. Journal of Chromatography A, 692, 131–136.10.1016/0021-9673(94)00841-V
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reino, J.L., Guerrero, R.F., Hernandez-Galan, R., & Collado, I.G. (2008). Secondary metabolites from species of the biocontrol agent Trichoderma. Phytochemistry Reviews, 7, 89–123. doi:10.1007/s11101-006-9032-2
   Google Scholar
• Rodríguez-Carrasco, Y., Font, G., Mañes, J., & Berrada, H. (2013). Determination of mycotoxins in bee pollen by gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 61, 1999–2005. doi:10.1021/jf400256f
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rustom, I.Y.S. (1997). Aflatoxin in food and feed: Occurrence, legislation and inactivation by physical methods. Food Chemistry, 59, 57–67.10.1016/S0308-8146(96)00096-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Serra Bonvehi, J., & Escolà Jordà, R. (1997). Nutrient composition and microbiological quality of honey bee-collected pollen in Spain. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 45, 725–732. doi:10.1021/jf960265q
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, B., & Denning, D.W. (2012). Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis due to Alternaria: Case report and review. Medical Mycology Case Reports, 1, 20–23. doi:10.1016/j.mmcr.2012.02.001
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Službeni glasnik Republike Srbije 28. (2011). Pravilnik o maksimalno dozvoljenim količinama kontaminenata u hrani i hrani za životinje [Rulebook on maximum allowable amounts of contaminants in food and feed stuff].
   Google Scholar
• Službeni list SCG 45. (2003). Pravilnik o kvalitetu i drugim zahtevima za med, druge pčelinje proizvode, preparate na bazi meda i drugih pčelinjih proizvoda [Rulebook on quality and other requirements for honey, other bee products and products based on honey and other bee products]. Službenom listu SCG, br. 45/2003 od 17.10.2003. godine, član 31.
   Google Scholar
• Snowdon, J.A., & Cliver, D.O. (1996). Microorganisms in honey. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 31(1–3), 1–26.10.1016/0168-1605(96)00970-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stanley, R.G., & Linskens, H.F. (1974). Pollen—Biology, biochemistry and management (pp. 102–104). Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
   Google Scholar
• Toro, C., del Palacio, A., Álvarez, C., Rodríguez-Peralto, J.L., Carabias, E., Cuétara, M.S., … Gómez, C. (1998). Zigomicosis cutánea por Rhizopus arrhizus en herida quirúrgica [Cutaneous zygomycosis caused by Rhizopus arrhizus in a surgical wound]. Revista Iberoamericana de Micología, 15, 94–96 ( in Spanish).
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wang, J.S., Huang, T., Su, J., Liang, F., Wei, Z., Liang, Y., … He, X. (2001). Hepatocellular carcinoma and aflatoxin exposure in Zhuqing Village, Fusiu County, People’s Republic of China. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, 10, 143–146.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watanabe, T. (1994). Pictorial atlas of soil and seed fungi, in Morphologies of cultured fungi and key to species (p. 410). Boca Raton, FL: Lewis.
   Google Scholar
• Williams, J.H., Phillips, P.E., Jolly, J.K., Stiles, C.M., & Jolly, D. (2004). Human aflatoxicosis in developing countries: A review of toxicology, exposure, potential health consequences and interventions. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 80, 1106–1122.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xue, X., Selvaraj, J.N., Zhao, L., Dong, H., Liu, F., Liu, Y., & Li, Y. (2014). Simultaneous determination of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in bee pollen by low-temperature fat precipitation and immunoaffinity column cleanup coupled with LC-MS/MS. Food Analytical Methods, 7, 690–696. doi:10.1007/s12161-013-9723-4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar