3,631
Views
21
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Relating Seasonal Hunger and Prevention and Coping Strategies: A Panel Analysis of Malawian Farm Households

, , &
Pages 1737-1755 | Received 05 Sep 2016, Accepted 11 Aug 2017, Published online: 18 Sep 2017

References

  • Abdalla, S. , Leonhäuser, I. U. , Bauer, S. , & Elamin, E. (2013). Households coping strategies and food consumption gap in Sudan (Working Paper No. 13/06). Pavia: Natural Resources, Agricultural Development and Food Security-International Research Network (NAF-IRN).
  • Afifi, T. , Milan, A. , Etzold, B. , Schraven, B. , Rademacher-Schulz, C. , Sakdapolrak, P. , … Warner, K. (2015). Human mobility in response to rainfall variability. Opportunities for migration as a successful adaptation strategy in eight case studies. Migration and Development , 1(21), 254–274.
  • Amani, S. (2014). Smallholder farmers’ marketing choices. Retrieved from http://documents.wfp.org/stellent/groups/public/documents/reports/WFP285379.pdf?_ga=1.113473857.77531865.1488831444
  • Arimond, M. , Hawkes, C. , Ruel, M. T. , Sifri, Z. , Berti, P. R. , Leroy, J. , … Frongillo, E. A. (2011). Agricultural interventions and nutrition: Lessons from the past and new evidence. In B. Thompson & L. Amoroso (Eds.), Combating micronutrient deficiencies: Food-based approaches (pp. 41–75). Rome: FAO and CAB International.
  • Arndt, C. , Pauw, K. , & Thurlow, J. (2016). The economy-wide impacts and risks of Malawi’s farm input subsidy program. American Journal of Agricultural Economics , 98(3), 962–980. doi:10.1093/ajae/aav048
  • Asfaw, S. , & Maggio, G. (2017). Gender, weather shocks and welfare: Evidence from Malawi. The Journal of Development Studies , 1–21. Advance online publication. doi:10.1080/00220388.2017.1283016
  • Ayalew, M. (1997). What is food security and famine and hunger? In M. H. Glantz (Ed.), Using science against famine: Food security, famine early warning, and El Nino (pp. 1–8). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bacon, C. M. , Sundstrom, W. A. , Gómez, M. E. F. , Méndez, V. E. , Santos, R. , Goldoftas, B. , & Dougherty, I. (2014). Explaining the ‘hungry farmer paradox’: Smallholders and fair trade cooperatives navigate seasonality and change in Nicaragua’s corn and coffee markets. Global Environmental Change , 25, 133–149. doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.02.005
  • Barrett, C. B. (1996). Urban bias in price risk: The geography of food price distributions in low-income economies. The Journal of Development Studies , 32(6), 830–849. doi:10.1080/00220389608422442
  • Barrett, C. B. (2010). Measuring food insecurity. Science , 327(5967), 825–828. doi:10.1126/science.1182768
  • Becquey, E. , Delpeuch, F. , Konaté, A. M. , Delsol, H. , Lange, M. , Zoungrana, M. , & Martin-Prevel, Y. (2012). Seasonality of the dietary dimension of household food security in urban Burkina Faso. British Journal of Nutrition , 107(12), 1860–1870. doi:10.1017/S0007114511005071
  • Behrman, J. R. , & Deolalikar, A. B. (1989). Agricultural wages in India: The role of health, nutrition, and seasonally. In D. E. Sahn (Ed.), Seasonal variability in third world agriculture: The consequences for food security (pp. 107–117). Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute.
  • Bertrand, M. , Duflo, E. , & Mullainathan, S. (2004). How much should we trust differences-in-differences estimates?. The Quarterly Journal of Economics , 119(1), 249–275.
  • Bogale, A. (2012). Vulnerability of smallholder rural households to food insecurity in eastern Ethiopia. Food Security , 4(4), 581–591. doi:10.1007/s12571-012-0208-x
  • Cahill, N. , Popp, M. , West, C. , Rocateli, A. , Ashworth, A. , Farris Sr, R. , & Dixon, B. (2014). Switchgrass harvest time effects on nutrient use and yield: An economic analysis. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics , 46(4), 487–507.
  • Chambers, R. , Longhurst, R. , & Pacey, A. (1981). Seasonal dimensions to rural poverty . Landham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
  • Chibwana, C. , Fisher, M. , Jumbe, C. , Masters, W. A. , & Shively, G. (2010). Measuring the impacts of Malawi’s Farm Input Subsidy Program. African Journal of Agriculture and Resource Economics , 9(2), 132–147.
  • Christian, P. , & Dillon, B. (2016). Long term consequences of consumption seasonality (Working Paper No. 241). Abidjan: African Development Bank Group.
  • D’Souza, A. , & Jolliffe, D. (2012). Rising food prices and coping strategies: Household level evidence from Afghanistan. The Journal of Development Studies , 48(2), 282–299. doi:10.1080/00220388.2011.635422
  • Daie, G. F. , & Woldtsadik, M. (2015). Household resilience to seasonal food insecurity: Dimensions and magnitudes in the “green famine” belt of Ethiopia. Applied Sciences Report , 11(3), 125–143.
  • Devereux, S. (2009). Seasonality and social protection in Africa (Working Paper No. SP07). Brighton, UK: Future Agricultures Consortium.
  • Devereux, S. , Sabates-Wheeler, R. , & Longhurst, R. (Eds.). (2013). Seasonality, rural livelihoods and development . New York, NY: Routledge Earthscan.
  • Devereux, S. , Vaitla, B. , & Swan, S. H. (2008). Seasons of hunger: Fighting cycles of quiet starvation among the world’s rural poor . London: Pluto Press.
  • Edeh, H. O. , & Gyimah-Brempong, K. (2015). Determinants of change and household responses to food insecurity: Empirical evidence from Nigeria. African Journal of Agricultural Research , 10(5), 423–433. doi:10.5897/AJAR2014.9037
  • Ellis, F. , & Maliro, D. (2013). Fertiliser subsidies and social cash transfers as complementary or competing instruments for reducing vulnerability to hunger: The case of Malawi. Development Policy Review , 31(5), 575–596. doi:10.1111/dpr.2013.31.issue-5
  • Ellis, F. , & Manda, E. (2012). Seasonal food crises and policy responses: A narrative account of three food security crises in Malawi. World Development , 40(7), 1407–1417. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2012.03.005
  • FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) . (2015). The state of food insecurity in the world. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/3/a4ef2d16-70a7-460a-a9ac-2a65a533269a/i4646e.pdf
  • Fisher, M. , & Shively, G. (2005). Can income programs reduce tropical forest pressure? Income shocks and forest use in Malawi. World Development , 33(7), 1115–1128. doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2005.04.008
  • Fleuret, P. , & Fleuret, A. (1980). Nutrition, consumption, and agricultural change. Human Organization , 39(3), 250–260. doi:10.17730/humo.39.3.53332403k1461480
  • Garrett, J. L. , & Ruel, M. T. (1999). Are determinants of rural and urban food security and nutritional status different? Some insights from Mozambique. World Development , 27(11), 1955–1975. doi:10.1016/S0305-750X(99)00091-1
  • Gebrehiwot, T. , & Van der Veen, A. (2014). Coping with food insecurity on a micro-scale: Evidence from Ethiopian rural households. Ecology of Food and Nutrition , 53(2), 214–240. doi:10.1080/03670244.2013.811387
  • Greene, W. H. (2008). Econometric analysis (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • Hadley, C. , Mulder, M. B. , & Fitzherbert, E. (2007). Seasonal food insecurity and perceived social support in rural Tanzania. Public Health Nutrition , 10(6), 544–551. doi:10.1017/S1368980007246725
  • Hadley, C. , & Patil, C. L. (2008). Seasonal changes in household food insecurity and symptoms of anxiety and depression. American Journal of Physical Anthropology , 135(2), 225–232. doi:10.1002/(ISSN)1096-8644
  • Harrigan, J. (2008). Food insecurity, poverty and the Malawian Starter Pack: Fresh start or false start? Food Policy , 33, 237–249. doi:10.1016/j.foodpol.2007.09.001
  • Heltberg, R. , Hossain, N. , Reva, A. , & Turk, C. (2013). Coping and resilience during the food, fuel, and financial crises. The Journal of Development Studies , 49(5), 705 –718.
  • Herforth, A. (2010). Promotion of traditional African vegetables in Kenya and Tanzania: A case study of an intervention representing emerging imperatives in global nutrition ( Unpublished PhD dissertation). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University.
  • Hillbruner, C. , & Egan, R. (2008). Seasonality, household food security, and nutritional status in Dinajpur, Bangladesh. Food and Nutrition Bulletin , 29(3), 221–231. doi:10.1177/156482650802900308
  • Kamruzzaman, M. , & Islam, M. H. (2008). Technical efficiency of wheat growers in some selected sites of Dinajpur District of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research , 33(3), 363–373. doi:10.3329/bjar.v33i3.1595
  • Keding, G. B. , & Cogill, B. (2013). Linking nutrition and agrobiodiversity . Rome: FAO.
  • Khandker, S. R. , Khalily, M. B. , & Samad, H. A. (2012). Seasonal hunger and its mitigation in North-West Bangladesh. The Journal of Development Studies , 48(12), 1750–1764. doi:10.1080/00220388.2012.720369
  • Krishnal, S. , & Weerahewa, J. (2014). Structure and species diversity of traditional homegardens in Batticaloa district. Journal of Agricultural Sciences , 9(3), 139–146. doi:10.4038/jas.v9i3.7436
  • Lindsay, K. , Popp, M. , West, C. , Ashworth, A. , Rocateli Caldeira, A. , Farris, R. , … Maw, M. (2016). Economic implications of harvest time effects on switchgrass moisture content, nutrient concentration and yield (No. 229884). San Antonio: Southern Agricultural Economics Association.
  • Longhurst, R. , & Payne, P. (1979). Seasonal aspects of nutrition: Review of evidence and policy implications. In R. Chambers , R. Longhurst , & A. Pacey (Eds.), Seasonal dimensions to rural poverty (pp. 45–52). New Jersey: Frances Pinter.
  • M’Kaibi, F. K. , Steyn, N. P. , Ochola, S. , & Du Plessis, L. (2015). Effects of agricultural biodiversity and seasonal rain on dietary adequacy and household food security in rural areas of Kenya. BMC Public Health , 15(1), 1–11. doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1755-9
  • Masanjala, W. H. (2006). Cash crop liberalization and poverty alleviation in Africa: Evidence from Malawi. Agricultural Economics , 35(2), 231–240. doi:10.1111/agec.2006.35.issue-2
  • Maxwell, D. G. (1996). Measuring food insecurity: The frequency and severity of “coping strategies”. Food Policy , 21(3), 291–303. doi:10.1016/0306-9192(96)00005-X
  • Mayanja, M. N. , Rubaire-Akiiki, C. , Greiner, T. , & Morton, J. F. (2015). Characterising food insecurity in pastoral and agro-pastoral communities in Uganda using a consumption coping strategy index. Pastoralism , 5(1), 1–14. doi:10.1186/s13570-015-0031-z
  • Mazid, M. A. , & Johnson, D. (2010). Tackling hunger through early rice harvests in northwest Bangladesh: Making a difference with direct seeding and varietal choice. In F. G. Palis (Ed.), Research to impact: Case studies for natural resource management for irrigated rice in Asia (pp. 83–100). Los Baños: International Rice Research Institute (IRRI).
  • Mburu, B. K. , Kung’u, J. B. , & Muriuki, J. N. (2015). Climate change adaptation strategies by small-scale farmers in Yatta District, Kenya. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology , 9(9), 712–722. doi:10.5897/AJEST2015.1926
  • Megersa, B. , Markemann, A. , Angassa, A. , & Zárate, A. V. (2014). The role of livestock diversification in ensuring household food security under a changing climate in Borana, Ethiopia. Food Security , 6(1), 15–28. doi:10.1007/s12571-013-0314-4
  • Meng, E. , Smale, M. , Ruffa, H. , Brennan, J. P. , & Godden, D. (1999). Measurement of crop genetic diversity in economic analysis. Retrieved from http://ageconsearch.umn.edu/bitstream/124089/2/Meng.pdf
  • Messer, E. (1989). Seasonality in food systems: An anthropological perspective on household food security. In D. E. Sahn (Ed.), Seasonal variability in third world agriculture: The consequences for food security (pp. 151–175). Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Milgroom, J. , & Giller, K. E. (2013). Courting the rain: Rethinking seasonality and adaptation to recurrent drought in semi-arid southern Africa. Agricultural Systems , 118, 91–104. doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2013.03.002
  • Morris, K. S. , Mendez, V. E. , & Olson, M. B. (2013). ‘Los meses flacos’: Seasonal food insecurity in a Salvadoran organic coffee cooperative. The Journal of Peasant Studies , 40(2), 423–446. doi:10.1080/03066150.2013.777708
  • NSO - National Statistical Office, Malawi . (2014). Malawi Third Integrated Household Survey (IHS3) basic information document. Retrieved from http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTLSMS/Resources/3358986-1233781970982/5800988-1271185595871/IHS3.BID.FINAL.pdf
  • Nyanga, P. H. (2012). Food security, conservation agriculture and pulses: Evidence from smallholder farmers in Zambia. Journal of Food Research , 1(2), 120–138. doi:10.5539/jfr.v1n2p120
  • O’Grady, A. (2016). Hunger in Malawi: “The biggest crisis in a generation”. Retrieved from http://www.concernusa.org/story/hunger-in-malawi-the-biggest-crisis-in-a-generation/
  • Orr, A. , Mwale, B. , & Saiti-Chitsonga, D. (2009). Exploring seasonal poverty traps: The ‘six-week window’ in southern Malawi. The Journal of Development Studies , 45(2), 227–255. doi:10.1080/00220380802265330
  • Park, M. (1799). Travels in the interior districts of Africa . Edinburgh: W. Bulmer and Company.
  • Powell, B. , Thilsted, S. H. , Ickowitz, A. , Termote, C. , Sunderland, T. , & Herforth, A. (2015). Improving diets with wild and cultivated biodiversity from across the landscape. Food Security , 7(3), 535–554. doi:10.1007/s12571-015-0466-5
  • Prior, K. S. (2013). Why are people in Malawi so hungry? Retrieved from https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2013/05/why-are-people-in-malawi-so-hungry/276227/
  • Radchenko, N. , & Corral, P. (2017). Agricultural commercialisation and food security in rural economies: Malawian experience. The Journal of Development Studies , 1–15. Advance online publication. doi:10.1080/00220388.2017.1283014
  • Rademacher-Schulz, C. , Schraven, B. , & Mahama, E. S. (2014). Time matters: Shifting seasonal migration in northern Ghana in response to rainfall variability and food insecurity. Climate and Development , 6(1), 46–52. doi:10.1080/17565529.2013.830955
  • Reardon, T. (1997). Using evidence of household income diversification to inform study of the rural nonfarm labor market in Africa. World Development , 25(5), 735–747. doi:10.1016/S0305-750X(96)00137-4
  • Rijpma, S. (1996). Malnutrition in the history of tropical Africa. Civilisations , 43(2), 45–63. doi:10.4000/civilisations.1565
  • Rosenzweig, M. R. , & Wolpin, K. I. (1993). Credit market constraints, consumption smoothing, and the accumulation of durable production assets in low-income countries: Investments in bullocks in India. Journal of Political Economy , 101(2), 223–244. doi:10.1086/261874
  • Sassi, M. (2015). Seasonality and trends in child malnutrition: Time-series analysis of health clinic data from the Dowa district of Malawi. The Journal of Development Studies , 51(12), 1667–1682. doi:10.1080/00220388.2015.1046441
  • Sibhatu, K. T. , Krishna, V. V. , & Qaim, M. (2015). Production diversity and dietary diversity in smallholder farm households. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , 112(34), 10657–10662. doi:10.1073/pnas.1510982112
  • Stephens, E. C. , & Barrett, C. B. (2011). Incomplete credit markets and commodity marketing behaviour. Journal of Agricultural Economics , 62(1), 1–24. doi:10.1111/jage.2011.62.issue-1
  • Strauss, J. (1986). Does better nutrition raise farm productivity? The Journal of Political Economy , 94(2), 297–320. doi:10.1086/261375
  • Swan, S. H. , Hadley, S. , & Cichon, B. (2010). Crisis behind closed doors: Global food crisis and local hunger. Journal of Agrarian Change , 10(1), 107–118. doi:10.1111/joac.2010.10.issue-1
  • Tefera, T. , Kanampiu, F. , De Groote, H. , Hellin, J. , Mugo, S. , Kimenju, S. , … Banziger, M. (2011). The metal silo: An effective grain storage technology for reducing post-harvest insect and pathogen losses in maize while improving smallholder farmers’ food security in developing countries. Crop Protection , 30(3), 240–245. doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2010.11.015
  • UN (United Nations) . (2016). Sustainable development goals. Retrieved April 1, 2016, from https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/?menu=1300
  • USDA (United States Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service) . (2015). Definitions of food security. Retrieved from http://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/food-nutrition-assistance/food-security-in-the-us/definitions-of-food-security.aspx
  • Vaitla, B. , Devereux, S. , & Swan, S. H. (2009). Seasonal hunger: A neglected problem with proven solutions. Plos Medicine , 6(6), e1000101.
  • Wagstaff, A. , & Lindelow, M. (2014). Are health shocks different? Evidence from a multishock survey in Laos. Health Economics , 23(6), 706–718. doi:10.1002/hec.2944
  • WFP (World Food Programme) . (2015). Hunger statistics. Retrieved April 1, 2016, from https://www.wfp.org/hunger/stats
  • WFP (World Food Programme) . (2017). Malawi: Current issues and what the World Food Programme is doing. Retrieved from https://www.wfp.org/countries/malawi
  • Wooldridge, J. M. (2009). Introductory econometrics: A modern approach (4th ed.). Mason: South Western, Cengage Learning.
  • Wooldridge, J. M. (2010). Econometric analysis of cross section and panel data . Cambridge, MA: MIT press.
  • Zug, S. (2006). Monga-seasonal food insecurity in Bangladesh: Bringing the information together. Journal of Social Studies , 111, 21–39.