401
Views
8
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Costs and Benefits in Item-Method Directed Forgetting: Differential Effects of Encoding and Retrieval

Pages 159-173 | Received 28 Jun 2012, Accepted 13 Nov 2012, Published online: 14 Jun 2013

REFERENCES

  • Basden , B. H. and Basden , D. R. 1998 . “ Directed forgetting: A contrast of methods and interpretations ” . In Intentional forgetting: Interdisciplinary approaches , Edited by: Golding , J. M. and MacLeod , C. M. 139 – 172 . Mahwah , NJ : Erlbaum .
  • Basden , B. H. , Basden , D. R. and Gargano , G. J. 1993 . Directed forgetting in implicit and explicit memory tests: A comparison of methods . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition , 19 : 603 – 616 .
  • Bjork , R. A. 1972 . “ Theoretical implications of directed forgetting ” . In Coding processes in human memory , Edited by: Melton , A. W. and Martin , E. 217 – 235 . Washington , DC : Winston .
  • Davis , J. C. and Okada , R. 1971 . Recognition and recall of positively forgotten items . Journal of Experimental Psychology , 89 : 181 – 186 .
  • Dulaney , C. L. , Marks , W. and Link , K. E. 2004 . Aging and directed forgetting: Pre-cue encoding and post-cue rehearsal effects . Experimental Aging Research , 30 : 95 – 112 .
  • Earles , J. L. and Kersten , A. W. 2002 . Directed forgetting of actions by younger and older adults . Psychonomic Bulletin & Review , 9 : 383 – 388 .
  • Gardiner , J. M. , Gawlik , B. and Richardson-Klavehn , A. 1994 . Maintenance rehearsal affects knowing, not remembering: Elaborative rehearsal affects remembering, not knowing . Psychonomic Bulletin & Review , 1 : 107 – 110 .
  • Geiselman , R. E. , Rabow , V. E. , Wachtel , S. L. and MacKinnon , D. P. 1985 . Strategy control in intentional forgetting . Human Learning , 4 : 169 – 178 .
  • Golding , J. M. and Gottlob , L. R. 2005 . Recall order determines the magnitude of directed forgetting in the within-participants list method . Memory & Cognition , 33 : 588 – 594 .
  • Horton , K. D. and Petruk , R. 1980 . Set differentiation and depth of processing in the directed forgetting paradigm . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning & Memory , 6 : 599 – 610 .
  • Hourihan , K. L. and MacLeod , C. M. 2008 . Directed forgetting meets the production effect: Distinctive processing is resistant to intentional forgetting . Canadian Journal of Experimental Psychology , 62 : 242 – 246 .
  • Lee , Y. , Lee , H. and Fawcett , J. in press . Intentional forgetting reduces color-naming interference: Evidence from item-method directed forgetting . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition ,
  • MacLeod , C. M. 1975 . Long-term recognition and recall following directed forgetting . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning & Memory , 1 : 271 – 279 .
  • MacLeod , C. M. 1989 . Directed forgetting affects both direct and indirect tests of memory . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition , 15 : 13 – 21 .
  • MacLeod , C. M. 1998 . “ Directed forgetting ” . In Intentional forgetting: Interdisciplinary approaches , Edited by: Golding , J. M. and MacLeod , C. M. 1 – 57 . Mahwah , NJ : Erlbaum .
  • MacLeod , C. M. 1999 . The item and list methods of directed forgetting: Test differences and the role of demand characteristics . Psychonomic Bulletin & Review , 6 : 123 – 129 .
  • MacLeod , C. M. and Daniels , K. A. 2000 . Direct vs. indirect tests of memory: Directed forgetting meets the generation effect . Psychonomic Bulletin & Review , 7 : 354 – 359 .
  • Rundus , D. 1971 . Analysis of rehearsal processes in free recall . Journal of Experimental Psychology , 89 : 63 – 77 .
  • Tan , L. and Ward , G. 2000 . A recency-based account of primacy effects in free recall . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition , 26 : 1589 – 1625 .
  • Wetzel , C. D. 1975 . Effect of orienting tasks and cue timing on the free recall of remember- and forget-cued words . Journal of Experimental Psychology , 1 : 556 – 566 .
  • Wetzel , C. D. and Hunt , R. E. 1977 . Cue delay and the role of rehearsal in directed forgetting . Journal of Experimental Psychology , 3 : 233 – 245 .
  • Wilson , S. P. and Kipp , K. 1998 . The development of efficient inhibition: Evidence from directed forgetting tasks . Developmental Review , 18 : 86 – 123 .
  • Woodward , A. E. , Bjork , R. A. and Jongeward , R. H. 1973 . Recall and recognition as a function of primary rehearsal . Journal of Verbal Learning & Verbal Behavior , 12 : 608 – 617 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.