Publication Cover
The Journal of Genetic Psychology
Research and Theory on Human Development
Volume 179, 2018 - Issue 6
1,901
Views
14
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

The Role of Career Aspiration, Self-Esteem, Body Esteem, and Gender in Predicting Sense of Well-being Among Emerging Adults

, &
Pages 343-356 | Received 21 Aug 2018, Accepted 29 Aug 2018, Published online: 17 Oct 2018

References

  • Arnett, J. J. (2000). Emerging adulthood. A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. The American Psychologist, 55(5), 469–480.
  • Arnett, J. J. (2004). Emerging adulthood: The winding road from the late teens through the twenties. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Arnett, J. J. (2007). Emerging adulthood: What is it, and what is it good for?. Child Development Perspectives, 1(2), 68–73. ‏
  • Arnett, J. J. (2004). Work: More than a job. In J.J. Arnett (Ed.), Emerging adulthood: The winding road from the late teens through the twenties (pp. 143–163). New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Arnett, J. J., Zukauskien, E. R., & Sugimura, K. (2014). The new life stage of emerging adulthood at ages 18–29 years: Implications for mental health. The Lancet Psychiatry, 1(7), 569–576.
  • Baggio, S., Studer, J., Iglesias, K., Daeppen, J.-B., & Gmel, G. (2017). Emerging adulthood: A time of changes in psychosocial well-being. Evaluation & the Health Professions, 40(4), 383–400. doi:10.1177/0163278716663602
  • Barrett, T. C., & Tinsley, H. E. A. (1977). Vocational self-concept crystallization and vocational indecision. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 24(4), 301–307.
  • Birndorf, S., Ryan, S., Auinger, P., & Aten, M. (2005). High self-esteem among adolescents: Longitudinal trends, sex differences, and protective factors. Journal of Adolescent Health, 37(3), 194–201.
  • Blodgett Salafia, E. H., & Benson, K. E. (2013). Differences in emerging-adult women's body image and sexuality outcomes according to BMI and dating status. International Journal of Sexual Health, 25(3), 225–239. ‏
  • Bonnie, R., Stroud, C., & Breiner, H. (Eds.), (2015). Investing in the and well being of Young Adults. In Committee on Improving the Health, Safety, and Well-Being of Young Adults; Board on Children, Youth, and Families; Institute of Medicine. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US), National Research Council.
  • Boyes, A. D., Fletcher, G. J., & Latner, J. D. (2007). Male and female body image and dieting in the context of intimate relationships. Journal of Family Psychology, 21(4), 764. ‏
  • Boyes, A. D., & Latner, J. D. (2009). Weight stigma in existing romantic relationships. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 35(4), 282–293. ‏
  • Braunstein-Bercovitz, H., Benjamin, B. A., Asor, S., & Lev, M. (2012). Insecure attachment and career indecision: Mediating effects of anxiety and pessimism. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 81(2), 236–244. ‏
  • Brennan, M. A., Lalonde, C. E., & Bain, J. L. (2013). Body image perceptions: Do gender differences exist? International Journal of Undergraduate Research and Creative Activities, 5(1), 1089–4136.
  • Carr, D. (1999). Unfulfilled career aspirations and psychological well-being. PSC Research Report No. 99–432. 3. Michigan: Population Studies Center, University of Michigan.
  • Cash, T. F. (2004). Body image: Past, present, and future. Body Image, 1(1), 1–5. ‏
  • Choi, B. Y., Park, H., Yang, E., Lee, S. K., Lee, Y., & Lee, S. M. (2012). Understanding career decision self-efficacy: A meta-analytic approach. Journal of Career Development, 39(5), 443–460. ‏
  • Chow, C. M., & Ruhl, H. (2014). Friendship and romantic stressors and depression in emerging adulthood: Mediating and moderating roles of attachment representations. Journal of Adult Development, 21 (2), 106–115.
  • Desjardins, T., & Leadbeater, B. J. (2017). Changes in parental emotional support and psychological control in early adulthood: Direct and indirect associations with educational and occupational adjustment. Emerging Adulthood, 5(3), 177–190.
  • Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being Scale (SWLS). Psychological Bulletin, 95(3), 542–575.
  • Diener, E., Oishi, S., & Lucas, R. E. (2003). Personality, culture and subjective well-being: Emotional and cognitive evaluations of life. Annual Review of Psychology, 54(1), 403–425.
  • Downing, H. M., & Nauta, M. M. (2010). Separation-individuation, exploration, and identity diffusion as mediators of the relationship between attachment and career indecision. Journal of Career Development, 36(3), 207–227. ‏
  • Dudovitz, R. N., Chung, P. J., Nelson, B., & Wong, M. (2017). What do you want to be when You grow up? Career Aspirations as a marker for adolescent well-being. Academic Pediatrics, 17(2), 153–160.
  • Ecke, Y. (2007). Attachment style and dysfunctional career thought: How attachment style can affect the career counseling process. The Career Development Quarterly, 55(4), 339–350.
  • Farmer, H. S. (1985). Model of career and achievement motivation for women and men. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 32(3), 363–390. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.32.3.363
  • Feeney, B. C., & Van Vleet, M. (2010). Growing through attachment: The interplay of attachment and exploration in adulthood. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 27(2), 226–234. ‏
  • Flament, M. F., Hill, E. M., Buchholz, A., Henderson, K., Tasca, G. A., & Goldfield, G. (2012). Internalization of the thin and muscular body ideal and disordered eating in adolescence: The mediation effects of body esteem. Body Image, 9(1), 68–75. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2011.07.007
  • Gregor, M. A., & O’Brien, K. M. (2016). Understanding career aspirations among young women: Improving instrumentation. Journal of Career Assessment, 24(3), 559–572. doi:10.1177/1069072715599537
  • Guichard, J., Pouyaud, J., De Calan, C., & Dumora, B. (2012). Identity construction and career development interventions with emerging adults. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 81(1), 52–58. ‏
  • Gushue, G. V., Scanlan, K. R., Pantzer, K. M., & Clarke, C. P. (2006). The relationship of career decision-making self-efficacy, vocational identity, and career exploration behavior in African American high school students. Journal of Career Development, 33(1), 19–29.
  • Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Merikangas, K. R., & Walters, E. E. (2005). Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Archives of General Psychiatry, 62, 593–602.
  • Kvitkovičová, L., Umemura, T., & Macek, P. (2017). Roles of attachment relationships in emerging adults' career decision-making process: A two-year longitudinal research design. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 101, 119–132.
  • Lease, S. H. (2006). Factors predictive of the range of occupations considered by African American juniors and seniors in high school. Journal of Career Development, 32(4), 333–350.
  • Luyckx, K., De Witte, H., & Goossens, L. (2011). Perceived instability in emerging adulthood: The protective role of identity capital. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 32(3), 137–145.
  • Maree, J. G., & Twigge, A. (2016). Career and self-construction of emerging adults: The value of life designing. Frontiers in Psychology, 6(6), 1–12. ‏
  • Mendelson, B. K., Mendelson, M. J., & White, D. R. (2001). Body Esteem Scale for adolescents and adults. Journal of Personality Assessment, 76(1), 90–106. doi:10.1207/S15327752JPA7601_6
  • Mendelson, B. K., White, D. R., & Mendelson, M. J. (1997). Manual for the body esteem scale for adolescents and adults. (Res. Bull. 16, No. 2). Montreal: Concordia University.
  • Messersmith, E. E., Garrett, J. L., Davis-Kean, P. E., Malanchuk, O., & Eccles, J. S. (2008). Development from adolescence through emerging adulthood: Insights from information technology occupations. Journal of Adolescent Research, 23(2), 206–227.
  • Miller, S. A., & Byers, E. S. (2004). Actual and desired duration of foreplay and intercourse: Discordances and misperceptions within heterosexual couples. The Journal of Sex Research, 41(3), 301–309.
  • Murray, S. L. (2005). Regulating the risks of closeness: A relationship-specific sense of felt security. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14(2), 74–78. ‏
  • Nauta, M. M., Epperson, D. L., & Kahn, J. H. (1998). A multiple-groups analysis of predictors of higher level career aspirations among women in mathematics, science, and engineering majors. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 45(4), 483–496. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.45.4.483
  • Neff, K. D., & Pittman, M. (2010). Self-compassion and psychological resilience among adolescents and young adults. Self and Identity, 9(3), 225–240. doi:10.1080/1529886090297930
  • Nelson, L. J., & Padilla-Walker, L. M. (2013). Flourishing and floundering in emerging adult college students. Emerging Adulthood, 1(1), 67–78.
  • Oana, N. O., Alexandru, S. A., & Oprea, A. (2011). The dynamics of aspirations in emerging adulthood. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 12, 205–210.
  • O'Brien, K. M. (1996). The influence of psychological separation and parental attachment on the career development of adolescent women. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 48(3), 257–274. doi:10.1006/jvbe.1996.0024
  • Olenik-Shemesh, D., & Heiman, T. (2016). Cyberbullying victimization in adolescents as related to body esteem, social support, and social self-efficacy. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 178(1), 28–43. doi:10.1080/00221325.2016.1195331
  • Oleson, K. C., Poehlmann, K. M., Yost, J. H., Lynch, M. E., & Arkin, R. M. (2000). Subjective overachievement: Individual differences in self-doubt and concern with performance. Journal of Personality, 68, 491–524.
  • Orth, U., Robins, R. W., & Roberts, B. W. (2008). Low self-esteem prospectively predicts depression in adolescence and young adulthood. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95(3), 695–708. No.
  • Padilla-Walker, L. M., Nelson, L. J., Carroll, J. S., & Jensen, A. C. (2010). More than a just a game: Video game and internet use during emerging adulthood. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 39(2), 103–113. doi: doi:10.1007/s10964-008-9390-8
  • Paquette, M. C., & Raine, K. (2004). Sociocultural context of women's body image. Social Science & Medicine (1982), 59(5), 1047–1058. ‏
  • Peer, J. W., & McAuslan, P. (2016). Self-doubt during Emerging Adulthood: The conditional mediating influence of mindfulness. Emerging Adulthood, 4(3), 176–185.
  • Peterson, R. D., Tantleff-Dunn, S., & Bedwell, J. S. (2006). The effects of exposure to feminist ideology on women's body image. Body Image, 3(3), 237–246. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2006.05.004
  • Polimeni, A.-M., Austin, S. B., & Kavanagh, A. M. (2009). Sexual orientation and weight, body image, and weight control practices among young Australian women. Journal of Women’s Health, 18(3), 355–362.
  • Purdon, C., & Holdaway, L. (2006). Non-erotic thoughts: Content and relation to sexual functioning and sexual satisfaction. Journal of Sex Research, 43(2), 154–162. ‏
  • Ramos, P., Rivera, F., Moreno, C., & Jimenez-Iglesias, A. (2010). Body mass index, body image, weight control, how influence each other, differently in girl and boy adolescents? Paper presented at the 12th Conference of the European Association for Research on Adolescence (EARA), Vilnius, Lithuania.
  • Reifman, A., Arnett, J. J., & Colwell, M. J. (2007). Emerging adulthood: Theory, assessment and application. Journal of Youth Development, 2(1), 37–48. ‏
  • Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Savickas, M. L., Nota, L., Rossier, J., Dauwalder, J.-P., Duarte, M. E., Guichard, J., … van Vianen, A. E. M. (2009). Life designing: A paradigm for career construction in the 21st century. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 75(3), 239–250.
  • Scholte, R. (2010). Pubertal development and psychosocial adjustment in adolescence. Paper presented at the 12th Conference of the European Association for Research on Adolescence (EARA), Vilnius, Lithuania.
  • Schulenberg, J. E., & Zarrett, N. R. (2006). Mental health during emerging adulthood: Continuity and discontinuity in courses, causes, and functions. In J. J. Arnett & J. L. Tanner (Eds.), Emerging Adults in America: Coming of Age in the 21st Century (pp. 135–172). Washington, DC: APA Books.
  • Seiffge-Krenke, I., Persike, M., & Shulman, S. (2015). Gendered pathways to romantic attachment in emerging adults: The role of body image and parental support. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 12(5), 533–548. ‏
  • Shulman, S., & Connolly, J. (2013). The challenge of romantic relationships in emerging adulthood: Reconceptualization of the field. Emerging Adulthood, 1(1), 27–39. ‏
  • Sussman, A., & Arnett, J. J. (2014). Emerging adulthood: Developmental period facilitative of the addictions. Evaluation & the Health Professions, 37(2), 147–155. doi:10.1177/0163278714521812
  • Tiggemann, M. (2011). Sociocultural perspectives on human appearance and body image. In T. F. Cash & L. Smolak (Eds.), Body Image: A Handbook of Science, Practice, and Prevention (pp. 12–19). New York: Guilford Press.
  • Valkenburg, P. M., Peter, J., & Schouten, A. P. (2006). Friend networking sites and their relationship to adolescents' well-Being and social Self-esteem. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 9(5), 584–590. doi:10.1089/cpb.2006.9.584
  • Weaver, A. D., & Byers, E. S. (2006). The relationships among body image, body mass index, exercise, and sexual functioning in heterosexual women. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 30(4), 333–339.
  • Weaver, A. D., & Byers, E. S. (2013). Eye of the beholder? Sociocultural factors in the body image and sexual well-being of heterosexual women. International Journal of Sexual Health, 25(2), 128–147. ‏
  • Wood-Barcalow, N. L., Tylka, T. L., & Augustus-Horvath, C. L. (2010). “But I Like My Body”: Positive body image characteristics and a holistic model for young-adult women”. Body Image, 7(2), 106–116. ‏doi:10.1177/1359105306065017
  • Wright, S. L., & Perrone, K. M. (2010). An examination of the role of attachment and efficacy in life satisfaction. The Counseling Psychologist, 38(6), 796–823. ‏

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.