Category Superiority Effects in Young and Elderly Adults

References

• Arbuckle , T. Y. , Cooney , R. , Milne , J. and Melchior , A. 1994 . Memory for spatial layouts in relation to age and schema typicality . Psychology and Aging , 9 : 467 – 480 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Backman , L. and Larsson , M. 1992 . Recall of organizable words and objects in adulthood: Influences of instructions, retention interval, and retrieval cues . Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences , 47 : 273 – 278 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bower , G. H. , Clark , M. C. , Lesgold , A. M. and Winzenz , D. 1969 . Hierarchical retrieval schemes in recall of categorized word lists . Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior , 8 : 323 – 343 .
   Google Scholar
• Cherry , K. E. and Park , D. C. 1993 . Individual difference and contextual variables influence spatial memory in young and older adults . Psychology and Aging , 8 : 517 – 526 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Craik , F. I. M. 1986 . “ A functional account of age differences in memory ” . In Human memory and cognitive capabilities, mechanisms, and performances , Edited by: Klix , F. and Hagendorf , H. 409 – 422 . Amsterdam : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Craik , F. I. M. and Jennings , J. M. 1992 . “ Human memory ” . In Handbook of aging and cognition , Edited by: Craik , F. I. M. and Salthouse , T. A. 51 – 110 . Hillsdale , NJ : Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• D'Agostino , P. R. 1969 . The blocked-random effect in recall and recognition . Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior , 8 : 815 – 820 .
   Google Scholar
• Dror , I. E. and Kosslyn , S. M. 1994 . Mental imagery and aging . Psychology and Aging , 9 : 90 – 102 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Einstein , G. O. and Hunt , R. R. 1980 . Levels of processing and organization: Additive effects of individual-item and relational processing . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Learning and Memory , 6 : 588 – 598 .
   Google Scholar
• Gollin , E. S. and Sharps , M. J. 1988 . Facilitation of free recall by categorical blocking depends on stimulus type . Memory & Cognition , 16 : 539 – 544 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hertzog , C. , Vernon , M. C. and Rypma , B. 1993 . Age differences in mental rotation task performance: The influence of speed/accuracy tradeoffs . Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences , 48 : P150 – P156 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hunt , R. R. and Einstein , G. O. 1981 . Relational and item-specific information in memory . Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior , 20 : 497 – 514 .
   Google Scholar
• Nebes , R. D. 1990 . “ Semantic-memory function and dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease ” . In Aging and cognition: Knowledge organization and utilization , Edited by: Hess , T. M. 265 – 296 . Amsterdam : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Park , D. C. , Cherry , K. E. , Smith , A. D. and Lafronza , V. N. 1990 . Effects of distinctive context on memory for objects and their locations in young and older adults . Psychology and Aging , 5 : 250 – 255 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salthouse , T. A. 1995 . Differential age-related influences on memory for verbal-symbolic information and visual-spatial information? . Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences , 50B : P93 – P201 .
   Google Scholar
• Sharps , M. J. 1990 . “ A developmental approach to visual cognition in the elderly ” . In Aging and cognition: Knowledge organization and utilization , Edited by: Hess , T. M. 297 – 341 . Amsterdam : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Sharps , M. J. 1991 . Spatial memory in young and elderly adults: The category structure of stimulus sets . Psychology and Aging , 6 : 309 – 312 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharps , M. J. and Gollin , E. S. 1986 . Enhancement of memory by categorical blocking varies with stimulus type , Denver , CO : Rocky Mountain Psychological Association .
   Google Scholar
• Sharps , M. J. and Gollin , E. S. 1987a . Speed and accuracy of mental image rotation in young and elderly adults . Journal of Gerontology , 42 : 342 – 344 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sharps , M. J. and Gollin , E. S. 1987b . Memory for object locations in young and elderly adults . Journal of Gerontology , 42 : 336 – 341 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sharps , M. J. and Gollin , E. S. 1988 . Aging and free recall for objects located in space . Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences , 43 : P8 – P11 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Sharps , M. J. and Tindall , M. H. 1992 . Relational and item-specific information in the determination of “blocking effects.” . Memory & Cognition , 20 : 183 – 191 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sharps , M. J. , Wilson-Leff , C. A. and Price , J. L. 1995 . Relational and item-specific information as determinants of category superiority effects . The Journal of General Psychology , 122 : 271 – 285 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith , A. and Park , D. C. 1990 . “ Adult age differences in memory for pictures and images ” . In Aging and cognition: Mental processes, self awareness and interventions , Edited by: Lovelace , E. A. North Holland : Elsevier Science Publishers B.V. .
   Google Scholar
• Tulving , E. 1982 . Synergistic ecphory in recall and recognition . Canadian Journal of Psychology , 36 : 130 – 147 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tversky , B. 1973 . Encoding processes in recognition and recall . Cognitive Psychology , 5 : 275 – 287 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yates , F. A. 1966 . The art of memory , Chicago : University of Chicago Press .
   Google Scholar