Natural Hazards within the West Indies

References

• Bowden , M. J. 1974 . Hurricane in paradise: Perception and reality of the hurricane hazard in the Virgin Islands , St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands: Island Resources Foundation .
   Google Scholar
• Brierley , J. 1990 . Using winds and ocean currents in teaching human movements . Journal of Geography , 89 : 165 – 169 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burton , I. , Kates , R. W. and White , G. F. 1978 . The environment as hazard , New York : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Carr , M. J. and Stoiber , R. E. 1990 . “ Volcanism ” . In The Caribbean Region, Vol H of The geology of North America , Edited by: Dengo , Gabriel and Case , J. E. 375 – 391 . Boulder, Colorado : Geological Society of America .
   Google Scholar
• Case , J. E. and Holcombe , T. L. 1980 . “ Geologic-tectonic map of the Caribbean region ” . In Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map 1–1000 , Reston, Virginia : U.S. Geological Survey .
   Google Scholar
• Case , R. A. and Mayfield , M. 1990 . Atlantic hurricane season of 1989 . Monthly Weather Review , 118 : 1165 – 1177 .
   Google Scholar
• Cross , J. A. 1988 . Hazard maps in the classroom . Journal of Geography , 87 : 202 – 211 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crutcher , H. L. and Quayle , R. G. 1974 . Mariners worldwide guide to tropical storms at sea , Asheville, North Carolina : Naval Weather Service . (NAVAIR 50–1C-61)
   Google Scholar
• Dietz , V. J. , Rigua , J. G. , Perez , Sanderson L. , Diaz , L. and Gunn , R. A. 1990 . Health assessment of the 1985 flood disaster in Puerto Rico . Disasters , 14 : 164 – 170 .
   Google Scholar
• Georgiou , P. N. and Davenport , A. G. 1988 . “ Estimation of the wind hazard in tropical cyclone regions ” . In Natural and man-made hazards , Edited by: El-Sabh , M. I. and Murty , T. S. 709 – 725 . Dordrecht, , The Netherlands : D. Reidel .
   Google Scholar
• Gray , W. M. 1990 . Strong association between West African rainfall and U.S. landfall of intense hurricanes . Science , 249 : 1251 – 1256 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herbert , P. J. 1980 . Atlantic hurricane season of 1979 . Monthly Weather Review , 108 : 973 – 990 .
   Google Scholar
• Judge , J. 1986 . Where Columbus found the New World . National Geographic Magazine , 170 : 566 – 599 .
   Google Scholar
• Lander , J. F. and Lockridge , P. A. 1989 . United States tsunamis (including United States possessions) 1690–1988 , 41 – 2 . Boulder, Colorado : National Geophysical Data Center . Publication
   Google Scholar
• Lawrence , M. B. and Gross , J. M. 1989 . Atlantic hurricane season of 1988 . Monthly Weather Review , 117 : 2248 – 2259 .
   Google Scholar
• Lewis , J. 1984 . A multi-hazard history of Antigua . Disasters , 8 : 190 – 197 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ludlum , D. M. 1963 . Early American hurricanes:1492–1870 , Boston : American Meteorological Society .
   Google Scholar
• McCann , W. R. 1985 . On the earthquake hazards of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands . Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America , 78 : 251 – 262 .
   Google Scholar
• McCann , W. R. and Pennington , W. D. 1990 . “ Seismicity, large earthquakes, and the margin of the Caribbean Plate ” . In The Caribbean region, Vol H of the geology of North America , Edited by: Dengo , Gabriel and Case , J. E. 291 – 306 . Boulder, Colorado : Geological Society of America .
   Google Scholar
• Millas , J. C. 1968 . Hurricanes of the Caribbean and adjacent regions, 1492–1800 , Miami : Academy of the Arts and Sciences of the Americas .
   Google Scholar
• Molinelli , J. Earthquake vulnerability study for the metropolitan area of San Juan, Puerto Rico . Proceedings of Conference XXX:A workshop on reducing potential losses from earthquake hazards in Puerto Rico. Open File Report 85–731 . Edited by: Hays , Walter and Gori , Paula . pp. 211 – 277 . Reston, Virginia : U.S. Geological Survey .
   Google Scholar
• Morison , S. E. 1942 . Admiral of the ocean sea: A life of Christopher Columbus , Boston : Little, Brown . (reprinted 1983, Boston: Northeastern University Press)
   Google Scholar
• Morison , S. E. 1974 . The European discovery of America: The southern voyages 1492–1616 , New York : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Neumann , C. J. , Jarvinen , B. R. and Pike , A. C. 1990 . “ Tropical cyclones of the North Atlantic Ocean, 1871–1986 (with Storm Track Maps updated through 1989) ” . In Historical Climatology Series , 6 – 2 . Asheville, North Carolina : National Climatic Data Center .
   Google Scholar
• Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance. 1980 . Hurricanes of the West Indies by country, 1500–1979 , Washington : Agency for International Development. . (Xeroxed copy of unpublished manuscript)
   Google Scholar
• Pascal , B. and Lambert , J. 1988 . Subduction and seismic hazard in the northern Lesser Antilles:revision of the historical seismicity . Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America , 78 : 1965 – 1983 .
   Google Scholar
• Population Reference Bureau. 1991 . 1991 world population data sheet , Washington Population Reference Bureau, Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Richardson , B. C. 1989 . Catastrophes and change on St. Vincent . National Geographic Research , 5 : 111 – 125 .
   Google Scholar
• Roobol , M. D. and Smith , A. L. 1989 . “ Volcanic and associated hazards in the Lesser Antilles ” . In Volcanic hazards: Proceedings in volcanology 1 , Edited by: Latter , J. H. 57 – 85 . Berlin : Springer-Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Schneider , S. H. 1989 . Global warming: Are we entering the greenhouse century? , San Francisco : Sierra Club Books .
   Google Scholar
• Shakow , D. and O'Keefe , P. 1981 . Yes, we have no bananas: The economic effects of minor hazards in the Windward Islands . Ambio , 10 : 344
   Google Scholar
• Shepard , J. B. 1989 . “ Eruptions, eruption precursors and related phenomena in the Lesser Antilles ” . In Volcanic hazards: Proceedings in volcanology 1 , Edited by: Latter , J. H. 292 – 311 . Berlin : Springer-Verlag .
   Google Scholar
• Sigurdsson , H. and Sparks , S. 1979 . An active submarine volcano . Natural History , 88 ( 8 ) : 38 – 45 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sigurdsson , H. and Carey , S. 1986 . Volcanic disasters in Latin America and the 13th November 1985 eruption of Nevado del Ruiz volcano in Colombia . Disasters , 10 : 205 – 216 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simkin , T. , Tilling , R. I. , Taggart , J. N. , Jones , W. J. and Spall , H. 1989 . This dynamic planet: World map of volcanoes, earthquakes, and plate tectonics , Reston, Virginia : U.S. Geological Survey . 1:30,000,000
   Google Scholar
• Stom Data. 1988–1989 . Vol. 30–31 , Asheville, North Carolina : National Climatic Data Center . (various issues)
   Google Scholar
• Smith , A. L. and Roobol , M. J. 1990 . Mt. Pelee, Martinique: A study of an active island-arc volcano , Boulder, Colorado : The Geological Society of America . Memoir 175
   Google Scholar
• Thomas , G. and Witts , M. M. 1969 . The day the world ended , Chelsea, Michigan : Scarborough House .
   Google Scholar
• Tomblin , J. 1981 . Earthquakes, volcanoes and hurricanes: A review of natural hazards and vulnerability in the West Indies . Ambio. , 10 : 340 – 345 .
   Google Scholar
• Toulmin , L. M. 1987 . Disaster preparedness and regional training on nine Caribbean islands: A long-term evaluation . Disasters , 11 : 221 – 234 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walford , R. 1983 . St. Phillip: A simulation about the development of a Caribbean island . Journal of Geography , 82 : 170 – 175 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watts , D. 1987 . The West Indies: Patterns of development, culture and environmental change since 1492 , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Wijkman , A. and Timberlake , L. 1984 . Natural disasters: Acts of God or acts of man , Washington : Earthscan .
   Google Scholar