Thermohaline equation of state for pure water, seawater and brine

References

• Ahmad, N., & Baddour, R. E. (2014). A review of sources, effects, disposal methods, and regulations of brine into marine environments. Ocean & Coastal Management, 87, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2013.10.020
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baddour, R. E. (1991). Thermal hydraulic jump: Theory and experiment. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 226, 243–256. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112091002379
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baddour, R. E. (1994a). Thermal-saline bubble plumes. In P. A. Davies & M. J. V. Neves (Eds.), Recent advances in the fluid mechanics of turbulent jets and plumes (pp. 117–129). Kluwer Academic. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0918-5_7
   Google Scholar
• Baddour, R. E. (1994b). Stratified cooling channel for thermal discharges. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 120(1), 242–253. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1994)120:1(242)
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baddour, R. E. (2022). Turbulent thermohaline hydraulic jumps. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 930(A5), https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2021.899
   Google Scholar
• Bigg, P. H. (1967). Density of water in SI units over the range 0-40C. British Journal of Applied Physics, 18(4), 521–525. https://doi.org/10.1088/0508-3443/18/4/315
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bleninger, T., & Jirka, G. H. (2008). Modelling and environmentally sound management of brine discharges from desalination plants. Desalination, 221(1-3), 585–597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2007.02.059
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boehrer, B., & Schultze, M. (2008). Stratification of lakes. Reviews of Geophysics, 46(RG2005), 1–27.
   Google Scholar
• Chappuis, M. P. (1907). Dilatation de l’eau. Traveaux et Mémoires Du Bureau International Des Poids et Mesures, Tome XIII, D1–D40, in French.
   Google Scholar
• Dittmar, W. (1884). Report on the scientific results of the voyage of HMS “challenger” during the years 1873-76 (Physics and Chemistry. Vol. 1). Elsevier, Amsterdam.
   Google Scholar
• Fischer, H. B., List, E. J., Koh, R. C. Y., Imberger, J., & Brooks, N. H. (1979). Mixing in inland and coastal waters. Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Gibbs, J. W. (1873). A method of geometrical representation of the thermodynamic properties of substances by means of surfaces. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 2, 382–404.
   Google Scholar
• Hunt, G. R., & Burridge, H. C. (2015). Fountains in industry and nature. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 47(1), 195–220. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-010313-141311
   Google Scholar
• IOC, SCOR and IAPSO. (2010). The international thermodynamic equation of seawater – 2010: Calculation and use of thermodynamic properties (Manuals and Guides No. 56; p. 196 pp). Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, UNESCO.
   Google Scholar
• Isdale, J. D., & Morris, R. (1972). Physical properties of sea water solutions: Density. Desalination, 10(4), 329–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0011-9164(00)80003-X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jackett, D. R., McDougall, T. J., Feistel, R., Wright, D. G., & Griffies, S. M. (2006). Algorithms for density, potential temperature, conservative temperature, and the freezing temperature of seawater. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 23(12), 1709–1728. https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH1946.1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jirka, G. H. (2004). Integral model for turbulent buoyant jets in un- bounded stratified flows. Part I: The single round jet. Environmental Fluid Mechanics, 4(1), 1–56. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025583110842
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kell, G. S. (1975). Density,thermal, expansivity, and compressibility of liquid water from 0° to 150°C. Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 20(1), 97–105. https://doi.org/10.1021/je60064a005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, J. H. W., & Chu, V. H. (2003). Turbulent jets and plumes—A Lagrangian approach. Springer.
   Google Scholar
• Li, G., Cheng, L., Zhu, J., Trenberth, K. E., Mann, M. E., & Abraham, J. P. (2020). Increasing ocean stratification over the past half-century. Nature Climate Change, 10(12), 1116–1123. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-00918-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• List, E. J. (1982). Mechanics of turbulent buoyant jets and plumes. In W. Rodi (Ed.), Turbulent buoyant jets and plumes (pp. 1–68). Pergamon Press.
   Google Scholar
• McPhee, M. G., Stevens, C. L., Smith, I. J., & Robinson, N. J. (2016). Turbulent heat transfer as a control of platelet ice growth in supercooled under-ice ocean boundary layers. Ocean Science, 12(2), 507–515. https://doi.org/10.5194/os-12-507-2016
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Millero, F. J. (1978). Freezing point of seawater. UNESCO Technical Papers in Marine Sciences, 28(Annex 6), 29–35.
   Google Scholar
• Millero, F. J. (2010). History of the equation of state of seawater. Oceanography, 23(3), 18–33. https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2010.21
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Millero, F. J. (2013). Chemical oceanography (4th ed.). CRC Press.
   Google Scholar
• Millero, F. J., Gonzales, A., & Ward, G. K. (1976). The density of seawater solutions at one atmosphere as a function of temperature and salinity. Journal of Marine Research, 34, 61–93.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Millero, F. J., & Huang, F. (2009). The density of seawater as a function of salinity (5 to 70 g/kg) and temperature (273.15 to 363.15 K). Ocean Science, 5(2), 91–100. https://doi.org/10.5194/os-5-91-2009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Millero, F. J., & Poisson, A. (1981). International one-atmosphere equation of state of seawater. Deep Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers, 28(6), 625–629. https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(81)90122-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poisson, A., Brunet, C., & Brun-Cottan, J. C. (1980). Density of standard seawater solutions at atmospheric pressure. Deep Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers, 27(12), 1013–1028. https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(80)90062-X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poisson, A., & Gadhoumi, M. H. (1993). An extension of the Practical Salinity Scale 1978 and the equation of state 1980 to high salinities. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 40(8), 1689–1698. https://doi.org/10.1016/0967-0637(93)90022-U
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rahmstorf, S. (2006). Thermohaline Ocean Circulation. In S.A. Elias (Ed.), Encyclopedia of quaternaly sciences (pp. 1–10). Elsevier.
   Google Scholar
• Sharqawy, M. H., Lienhard V, J. H., & Zubair, S. M. (2010). Thermophysical properties of seawater: A review of existing correlations and data. Desalination and Water Treatment, 16(1-3), 354–380. https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2010.1079
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stommel, H. (1961). Thermohaline convection with two stable regimes of flow. Tellus, 13(2), 224–230. https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusa.v13i2.9491
   Google Scholar
• Sun, S., Feistel, R., Koch, M., & Markoe, A. (2008). New equations for density, entropy, heat capacity, and potential temperature of a saline thermal fluid. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 55(10), 1304–1310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr.2008.05.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thiesen, M., Scheel, K., & Diesselhovst, H. (1900). Bestimmung der Ausdehnung des Wassers für die zwischen 0o und 40o liegenden Temperaturen. Physikalisch-Technischen Reichsanstalt, pp. 3–70, in German.
   Google Scholar
• Turner, J. S. (1973). Buoyancy effects in fluids. Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• UNESCO. (1981). Background papers and supporting data on the international equation of state of seawater 1980 (UNESCO technical papers in marine science No. 38).
   Google Scholar
• Wagner, W., & Pruß, A. (2002). The IAPWS formulation 1995 for the thermodynamic properties of ordinary water substance for general and scientific use. Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, 31(2), 387–535. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1461829
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitehead, J. A. (1995). Thermohaline ocean processes and models. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 27(1), 89–113. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.27.010195.000513
   Google Scholar