Parthenogenetic Darevskia lizards mate frequently if they have the chance: a quantitative analysis of copulation marks in a sympatric zone

References

• Abrahamyan MR, Petrosyan RK, Galoyan EA, Danielyan FD, Arakelyan M. 2014. Seasonal and daily activities of two syntopic parthenogenetic lizards of genus Darevskia. Proc Yerevan State Univ. 2:39–42.
   Google Scholar
• Andersson M. 1994. Sexual selection. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Arakelyan M, Danielyan FD, Corti C, Sindaco R, Levinton AE. 2011. Herpetofauna of Armenia and Nagorno Karabakh. San Francisco: Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles.
   Google Scholar
• Arnold EN, Arribas OJ, Carranza S. 2007. Systematics of the palaearctic and oriental lizard tribe lacertini (Squamata: lacertidae: Lacertinae), with descriptions of eight new genera. Zootaxa. 1430:1–86.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arnold ML. 2006. Evolution through genetic exchange. New York: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Avise JC. 2008. Clonality. The genetics, ecology and evolution of sexual abstinence in vertebrate animals. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Crews D, Fitzgerald KT. 1980. “Sexual” behavior in parthenogenetic lizards (Cnemidophorus). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 77:499–502.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crews D, Grassman M, Lindzey J. 1986. Behavioral facilitation of reproduction in sexual and unisexual whiptail lizards. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 83:9547–9550.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crews D, Moore MC. 1993. Psychobiology of reproduction of unisexual whiptail lizards. In: Wright JW, Vitt LJ, editors. Biology of Whiptail Lizards (Genus Cnemidophorus). Norman: Oklahoma Museum of Natural History; p. 257–282.
   Google Scholar
• Crews D, Young LJ. 1991. Pseudocopulation in nature in a unisexual whiptail lizard. Anim Behav. 42:512–514.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Danielyan FD, Arakelyan M, Stepanyan I. 2008. Hybrids of Darevskia valentini, D. armeniaca and D. unisexualis from a sympatric population in Armenia. Amphibia-Reptilia. 29:487–504.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darevsky IS. 1967. Rock lizards of the Caucasus (Systematics, Ecology and Phylogenesis of the polymorphic groups of Rock lizards of the Subgenus Archaeolacerta) [Translation: New Delhi: India National Scientific Documentation Centre, 276 pp.]. Leningrad: Nauka Press.
   Google Scholar
• Darevsky IS, Kupriyanova L, Bakradze MA. 1978. Occasional males and intersexes in parthenogenetic species of caucasian rock lizards (genus Lacerta). Copeia. 1978:201–207.
   Google Scholar
• Fitze PS, Cote J, Martínez-Rica JP, Clobert J. 2008. Determinants of male fitness: disentangling intra- and inter-sexual selection. J Evol Biol. 21:246–255.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fitze PS, Le Galliard JF, Federici P, Richard M, Clobert J. 2006. Conflict over multiple-partner mating between males and females of the polygynandrous common lizards. Evolution. 59:2451–2459.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freitas S, Harris DJ, Sillero N, Arakelyan M, Butlin RK, Carretero MA. in press. The origin of parthenogenesis and the roles of hybridization and polyploidy in a lizard model. Heredity.
   Google Scholar
• Freitas S, Rocha S, Campos J, Ahmadzadeh F, Corti C, Sillero N, Ilgaz Ç, Kumlutaş Y, Arakelyan M, Harris DJ, Carretero MA. 2016. Parthenogenesis through the ice ages: a biogeographic analysis of the parthenogenetic rock lizards genus Darevskia and their sexual maternal species Darevskia raddei. Mol Phylogenet Evol. 102:117–127.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Galoyan EA. 2013. Joint space use in a parthenogenetic Armenian rock lizard (Darevskia armeniaca) suggests weak competition among monoclonal females. J Herpetol. 47:97–104.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• García-Muñoz E, Ceacero F, Pedrajas L, Kaliontzopoulou A, Carretero MA. 2011. Tail tip removal for tissue sampling has no short-term effects on microhabitat selection by Podarcis bocagei, but induced autotomy does. Acta Herpetol. 6:223–227.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• García-Muñoz E, Sillero N. 2010. Two new types of noose for capturing herps. Acta Herpetol. 5:259–263.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• In den Bosch HA, Zandee M. 2001. Courtship behaviour in lacertid lizards: phylogenetic interpretations of the Lacerta kulzeri complex (Reptilia: lacertidae). Neth J Zool. 51:263–284.
   Google Scholar
• Judson OP, Normark BB. 1996. Ancient asexual scandals. Trends Ecol Evol. 11:41–46.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Le Galliard JF, Fitze PS, Ferrière R, Clobert J. 2005. Sex ratio bias, male aggression, and population collapse in lizards. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 102:18231–18236.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maynard-Smith J. 1978. The evolution of sex. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• McCoid M, Hensley R. 1991. Pseudocopulation in Lepidodactylus lugubris. Herp Rev. 22:8–9.
   Google Scholar
• Murphy RW, Fu J, MacCulloch RD, Darevsky IS, Kupriyanova L. 2000. A fine line between sex and unisexuality: the phylogenetic constraints on porthenogenesis in lacertid lizards. Zool J Linn Soc. 130:527–549.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Olsson M, Madsen T. 1995. Female choice on male quantitative traits in lizards - why is it so rare? Behav Ecol Sociobiol. 36:179–184.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roitberg EE, Orlova VT, Kuranova VN, Bulakhova NA, Zinenko OK, Ljubisavljevic K, Shamgunova RR, Carretero MA, Clasen A, Fokt M, et al. 2011. Inter-observer and intra-observer differences in measuring body length: a test in the common lizard, Zootoca vivipara. Amphibia-Reptilia. 32:477–484.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sillero N, Argaña E, Freitas S, García-Muñoz E, Arakelian M, Corti C, Carretero MA. Submitted. Spatial structure of a lizard (Darevskia sp.) community in Armenia. Zool. Stud.
   Google Scholar
• Sillero N, Corti C, Carretero MA. 2016. Home ranges of parthenogenetic and bisexual species in a community of Darevskia lizards. Zool Middle East. 62:306–318.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tarkhnishvilli DN, Gavashelishvili A, Avaliani A, Murtskhvaladze M, Mumladze L. 2010. Unisexual rock lizard might be outcompeting its sexual progenitors in the Caucasus. Biol J Linn Soc. 101:447–460.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uller T, Olsson M. 2005. Multiple copulations in natural populations of lizards: evidence for the fertility assurance hypothesis. Behaviour. 142:45–56.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vrijenhoek RC. 1998. Animal clones and diversity. BioScience. 48:617–628.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• While GM, Michaelides S, Heathcote RJP, MacGregor HEA, Zajac N, Beninde J, Carazo P, Pérez-Lanuza G, Sacchi R, Zuffi MAL, et al. 2015. Sexual selection drives asymmetric introgression in wall lizards. Ecol Lett. 18:1366–1375.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar