Pleioxenous host-restriction in fleas

References

• Anderson , R.K. and Kirkland , D.W. , eds. 1969 . “ Paleoecology of an early Pleistocene Lake on the high plains of Texas ” . In Memoirs, Geological Society of America Vol. 113 , 215 – 215 .
   Google Scholar
• Axelrod , D.I. 1979 . Age and origin of Sonoran vegetation . Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences , 132 : 74 – 74 .
   Google Scholar
• Barnowsky , C.W. 1984 . Late Miocene vegetational and climatic variations inferred from a pollen record in northwest Wyoming . Science , 223 : 49 – 51 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Benton , A.H. and Kelly , D.L. 1975 . An annotated list of New York Siphonaptera . Journal of the New York Entomological Society , 83 : 142 – 156 .
   Google Scholar
• Bonnefille , R. 1983 . Evidence for a cooler and drier climate in the Ethiopian uplands towards 2·5 mys ago . Nature , 303 : 487 – 491 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burke , K. , Durotype , A.B. and Whiteman , A.J. 1971 . A dry phase south of the Sahara 20,000 years ago . West African Journal of Archaeology , 1 : 1 – 8 .
   Google Scholar
• Dengo , G. 1973 . Estructure geológica, historia tectónica y morfología de America Central , 2 Ed. , Mexico, D.F. : Instituto Centro Regional de Ayuda Tecnica .
   Google Scholar
• Dunnet , G.M. and Marden , D.K. 1974 . A monograph of Australian fleas (Siphonaptera) . Australian Journal of Zoology , 30 Supplementary Series
   Google Scholar
• Durham , J.W. 1950 . Cenozoic marine climates of the Pacific Coast . Bulletin of the Geological Society of America , 61 : 1243 – 1264 .
   Google Scholar
• Durrant , S.D. 1952 . Mammals of Utah . University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History , 6 : 1 – 549 .
   Google Scholar
• Groves , C.P. 1976 . The origin of the mammalian fauna of Sulawesi (Celebes) . Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde , 41 : 201 – 216 .
   Google Scholar
• Haas , G.E. , Martin , R.P. , Swickard , M. and Miller , B.E. 1973 . Siphonaptera-mammal relationships in northcentral New Mexico . Journal of Medical Entomology , 10 : 281 – 289 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall , E.R. 1981 . The mammals of North America , Vol. 2 , New York : Wiley-Interscience, J. Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Hamilton , W.J. Jr. and Whitaker , J.O. Jr. 1979 . Mammals of the eastern United States , Ithaca : Cornell Univ. Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hershkovitz , P. 1958 . A geographic classification of Neotropical mammals . Fieldiana, Zoology , 36 : 583 – 620 .
   Google Scholar
• Hoffstetter , M.R. and Lavocat , R. 1970 . Découverte dans le Déséadien de Bolivie de genres pentalophontes appuyant les affinités africaines des rongeurs caviomorphes . Comptes Rendues de Academie de Sciences, (Paris) , 271 : 172 – 175 .
   Google Scholar
• Holland , G.P. 1969 . Contributions towards a monograph of the fleas of New Guinea . Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada , 61
   Google Scholar
• Honacki , J.H. , Kinman , K.E. , Koeppl and James , W. 1982 . Mammal species of the world , Lawrence : Allen Press & Assoc. System. Coll. .
   Google Scholar
• Hopkins , G.H.E. and Rothschild , M. 1953–1971 . An illustrated catalogue of the Rothschild collection of fleas (Siphonaptera) in the British Museum (Natural History) , Vol. I–V , London : British Museum (Nat. Hist.) .
   Google Scholar
• Hutson , A.M. 1981 . Observations on host-finding by bat-fleas, with particular reference to Ischnopsyllus simplex (Siphonaptera: Ischnopsyllidae) in Great Britain . Journal of Zoology , 195 : 546 – 549 .
   Google Scholar
• Kirmiz , J.P. 1962 . Adaptation to desert environment. A study on the jerboa, rat and man , London : Butterworths .
   Google Scholar
• Lewis , R.E. 1972 . Notes on the geographical distribution and host preferences in the Order Siphonaptera. Pt. 1, Pulicidae . Journal of Medical Entomology , 9 : 511 – 520 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis , R.E. 1973 . Notes on the geographical distribution and host preferences in the Order Siphonaptera. Pt. 2, Rhopalopsyllidae, Malacopsyllidae and Vermipsyllidae . Journal of Medical Entomology , 10 : 255 – 260 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lewis , R.E. 1974a . Notes on the geographical distribution and host preferences in the Order Siphonaptera. Pt. 3, Hystrichopsyllidae . Journal of Medical Entomology , 11 : 147 – 167 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis , R.E. 1974b . Notes on the geographical distribution and host preferences in the Order Siphonaptera. Pt., 4. Coptopsyllidae, Pygiopsyllidae, Stephanocircidae and Xiphiopsyllidae . Journal of Medical Entomology , 11 : 403 – 413 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis , R.E. 1974c . Notes on the geographical distribution and host preferences in the Order Siphonaptera. Pt. 5. Ancistropsyllidae, Chimaeropsyllidae, Ischnopsyllidae, Leptopsyllidae and Macropsyllidae . Journal of Medical Entomology , 11 : 525 – 540 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lewis , R.E. 1975 . Notes on the geographical distribution and host preferences in the Order Siphonaptera. Pt. 6. Ceratophyllidae . Journal of Medical Entomology , 12 : 658 – 676 .
   Google Scholar
• Lewis , R.E. and Wilson , N. 1982 . A new species of Nycteridopsylla (Siphonaptera: Ischnopsyllidae) from southwestern United States, with a key to the North American species . Journal of Medical Entomology , 19 : 650 – 614 .
   Google Scholar
• Livingston , D.A. 1975 . Late Quaternary climatic change in Africa . Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics , 6 : 249 – 272 .
   Google Scholar
• Malfait , B.T. and Dinkelman , M.G. 1972 . Circum-Carribean tectonic and igneus activity and the evolution of the Caribbean Plate . Bulletin of the Geological Society of America , 83 : 251 – 272 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marshall , A.G. 1981 . The ecology of ectoparasitic insects , New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Marshall , L.G. , Webb , S.D. , Sepkoski , J.J. Jr. and Raup , D.M. 1982 . Mammalian evolution and the Great American interchange . Science , 215 : 1351 – 1357 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Miller , R.R. 1958 . “ Origin and affinities of the freshwater fish fauna of western North America ” . In Zoogeography , Edited by: Hubbs , C.L. 187 – 222 . American Association for the Advancement of Science . In Publication no. 51.
   Google Scholar
• Miller , W.E. 1977 . Pleistocene terrestrial vertebrates from southern Baja California . Geological Society of America, Abstract with Programs , 9 ( 4 ) : 468 – 468 .
   Google Scholar
• Moore , J.C. 1959 . Relationships among living squirrels of the Sciurinae . Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History , 118 art. 4.
   Google Scholar
• Nicholson , S.E. and Flohn , H. 1980 . African environmental and climatic changes and general atmospheric circulation in late Pleistocene and Holocene . Climatic Change , 2 : 313 – 348 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Owen , H.G. 1983 . Atlas of continental displacement, 200 million years to the present , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Patton , J.L. , Sherwood , S.W. and Yang , S.Y. 1981 . Biochemical systematics of Chaetodipine pocket mice, genus Perognathus . Journal of Mammalogy , 62 : 477 – 492 .
   Google Scholar
• Rich , P.V. and Thompson , E.M. 1982 . Fossil vertebrate record of Australiasia , Clayton, , Australia : Monash University .
   Google Scholar
• Sarnthein , M. 1978 . Sand deserts during glacial maximum and climatic optimum . Nature , 272 : 43 – 46 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Savage , D.E. and Russell , D.E. 1983 . Mammalian paleofaunas of the world , Reading, Massachusetts : Addison-Wesley .
   Google Scholar
• Savage , J.M. 1966 . The origin and history of the Central American herpetofauna . Copeia , 1966 : 719 – 766 .
   Google Scholar
• Schmidt-Nielsen , K. 1964 . Desert animals. Physiological problems of heat and water , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Simpson , G.G. 1945 . The principles of classification and a classification of mammals . Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History , 86 : 1 – 350 .
   Google Scholar
• Simpson , G.G. 1950 . History of the fauna of Latin America . American Scientist , 38 : 361 – 389 .
   Google Scholar
• Smith , A.G. , Hurley , A.M. and Briden , J.C. 1981 . Phanerozoic paleocontinental world maps , Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Stark , H.E. 1958 . The Siphonaptera of Utah , Atlanta : U.S. Department of Health Education and Welfare. Communicable Disease Center .
   Google Scholar
• Tedford , R.H. , Banks , R.M. , Kemp , J.R. , McDougall , I. and Sutherland , F.L. 1975 . Recognition of the oldest known fossil marsupials from Australia . Nature , 255 : 141 – 142 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tipton , V.J. and Méndez , E. 1968 . New species of fleas (Siphonaptera) from Cerro Potosi, Mexico, with notes on ecology and host parasite relationships . Pacific Insects , 10 : 177 – 214 .
   Google Scholar
• Traub , R. 1972 . Notes on zoogeography, convergent evolution and taxonomy of fleas (Siphonaptera), based on collections from Gunong Benom and elsewhere in southeast Asia II. Convergent evolution . Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Zoology) , 23 ( 10 ) : 307 – 387 .
   Google Scholar
• Traub , R. The zoogeography and evolution of some fleas, lice and mammals . Proceedings of the International Conference on Fleas . 1977 , Ashton Wold. Fleas , Edited by: Traub , R. and Starcke , H. pp. 93 – 172 . Rotterdam : A. A. Balkema . In
   Google Scholar
• Traub , R. 1983 . “ The hosts of the ceratophyllid fleas ” . In The Rothschild collection of fleas. The Ceratophyllidae , 164 – 187 . Cambridge and London : Cambridge University Press/Academic Press . In
   Google Scholar
• Traub , R. and Rothschild , M. 1983 . “ Evolution of the Ceratophyllidae ” . In The Rochschild collection of fleas. The Ceratophyllidae , 188 – 201 . Cambridge and London : Cambridge University Press/Academic Press . In
   Google Scholar
• UNESCO . 1979 . “ Map of world distribution of arid regions ” . In Programme on man and the biosphere (MAB) , Technical notes 7 Paris
   Google Scholar
• Vasishat , R.N. , Gaur , R. and Chopra , S.R.K. 1978 . Community structure of middle Śivalik vertebrates from Haritalyanger (H.P.), India . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology and Palaeoecology , 23 : 131 – 140 .
   Google Scholar
• Whitmore , T.C. , ed. 1981 . Wallace's Line and plate tectonics , Oxford Monographs on Biogeography Oxford : Clarendon Press .
   Google Scholar