609
Views
8
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Articles

Reliability Generalization Study of the Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale for Children and Adolescents

, , , , , , & show all
Pages 42-54 | Received 30 Apr 2013, Published online: 10 Jul 2014

References

  • References marked by an asterisk indicate studies included in the meta-analysis.*Abali, O., Nazik, H., Gurkan, K., Unuvar, E., Sidal, M., Ongen, B., … Tuzun, U. (2006). Group A beta hemolytic streptococcal infections and obsessive–compulsive symptoms in a Turkish pediatric population. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 60, 103–105.
  • Abramowitz, J. S., Taylor, S., & McKay, D. (2009). Obsessive compulsive disorder. Lancet, 374, 491–499.
  • *Adrianzen-Ronceros, C., Pacheco-Armas, Z., Vivar-Cuba, R., & Macciota-Felices, B. (2008). Validez y confiabilidad de la Escala de Yale Brown versión niños y adolescentes (cy-bocs) en el Perú [Validity and reliability of the Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale in Peru]. Revista Peruana de Pediatría, 61, 68–75.
  • Alaghband-Rad, J., & Hakimshooshtary, M. (2009). A randomized controlled clinical trial of Citalopram versus Fluoxetine in children and adolescents with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 18, 131–135.
  • Alvarenga, P. G., Hounie, A. G., Mercadante, M. T., Diniz, J. B., Salem, M., Spina, G., & Miguel, E. C. (2006). Obsessive–compulsive symptoms in heart disease patients with and without history of rheumatic fever. Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 18, 405–408.
  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.
  • Anastasi, A., & Urbina, S. (1997). Psychological testing (7th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
  • Apter, A., Fallon, T. J., King, R. A., Ratzoni, G., Zohar, A. H., Binder, M., … Cohen, D. J. (1996). Obsessive–compulsive characteristics: From symptoms to syndrome. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 35, 907–912.
  • *Ballesteros-Montero, A. T., & Ulloa-Flores, R. E. (2011). Estudio comparativo de las características clínicas, demográficas y el funcionamiento familiar en niños y adolescentes con trastorno obsessivo-compulsivo leve a moderado vs. grave [Comparative study of the clinical and demographic characteristics and familiar functioning in children and adolescents with mild to moderate vs. severe obsessive–compulsive disorder]. Salud Mental, 34, 121–128.
  • Barnes, L. L. B., Harp, D., & Jung, W. S. (2002). Reliability generalization of the scores on the Spielberger State–Trait Anxiety Inventory. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 62, 603–618.
  • Ben-Dor, D. H., Zimmerman, S., Sever, J., Roz, N., Apter, A., Rehavi, M., & Weizman, A. (2007). Reduced platelet vesicular monoamine transporter density in Tourette's syndrome pediatric male patients. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 17, 523–526.
  • *Björgvinsson, T., Wetterneck, C. T., Powell, D. M., Chasson, G. S., Webb, S. A., Hart, J., … Stanley, M. A. (2008). Treatment outcome for adolescent obsessive–compulsive disorder in a specialized hospital setting. Journal of Psychiatric Practice, 14, 137–145.
  • Bonett, D. G. (2002). Sample size requirements for testing and estimating coefficient alpha. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 27, 335–340.
  • Bonett, D. G. (2010). Varying coefficient meta-analytic methods for alpha reliability. Psychological Methods, 15, 368–385.
  • Borenstein, M. J., Hedges, L. V., Higgins, J., & Rothstein, H. (2009). Introduction to meta-analysis. Chichester, England: Wiley.
  • *Brynska, A., & Wolanczyk, T. (2005). Epidemiology and phenomenology of obsessive–compulsive disorder in non-referred young adolescents: A Polish perspective. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 14, 319–327.
  • Chabane, N., Delorme, R., Millet, B., Mouren, M.-C., Leboyer, M., & Pauls, D. (2005). Early-onset obsessive–compulsive disorder: A subgroup with a specific clinical and familial pattern? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 46, 881–887.
  • Crocker, L., & Algina, J. (1986). Introduction to classical and modern test theory. New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
  • Cubo, E., Fernández-Jaén, A., Moreno, C., Anaya, B., González, M., & Kompoliti, K. (2008). Donepezil use in children and adolescents with tics and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: An 18-week, single-centre, dose-escalating, prospective, open-label study. Clinical Therapy, 30, 182–189.
  • Deeks, J. J., Higgins, J. P. T., & Altman, D. G. (2008). Analysing data and undertaking meta-analyses. In J. P. T. Higgins & S. Green (Eds.), Cochrane handbook of systematic reviews of interventions (pp. 243–296). Chichester, England: Wiley.
  • Dewrang, P., & Sandberg, A. D. (2011). Repetitive behaviour and obsessive–compulsive features in Asperger syndrome: Parental and self-reports. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 5, 1176–1186.
  • Duval, S. J., & Tweedie, R. L. (2000). Trim and fill: A simple funnel-plot-based method of testing and adjusting for publication bias in meta-analysis. Biometrics, 56, 455–463.
  • Feldt, L. S., & Charter, R. A. (2006). Averaging internal consistency reliability coefficients. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66, 215–227.
  • *Flessner, C. A., Allgair, A., Garcia, A., Freeman, J., Sapyta, J., Franklin, M. E., … March, J. (2010). The impact of neuropsychological functioning on treatment outcome in pediatric obsessive–compulsive disorder. Depression and Anxiety, 27, 365–371.
  • *Franklin, M. E., Sapyta, J., Freeman, J. B., Khanna, M., Compton, S., Almirall, D., … March, J. S. (2011). Cognitive behaviour therapy augmentation of pharmacotherapy in pediatric obsessive–compulsive disorder: The Pediatric OCD Treatment Study II (POTS II) randomized controlled trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, 306, 1224–1232.
  • *Freeman, J., Flessner, C. A., & García, A. (2011). The Children's Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale: Reliability and validity for use among 5 to 8 year olds with obsessive–compulsive disorder. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 39, 877–883.
  • Gallant, J., Storch, E. A., Merlo, L. J., Ricketts, E. D., Geffken, G. R., Goodman, W. K., & Murphy, T. K. (2008). Convergent and discriminant validity of the Children's Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale symptom checklist. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22, 1369–1376.
  • *Geffken, F. R., Storch, E. A., Duke, D. C., Monaco, L., Lewin, A. B., & Goodman, W. K. (2006). Hope and coping in family members of patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 20, 614–629.
  • *Geller, D., Petty, C., Vivas, F., Johnson, J., Pauls, D., & Biederman, J. (2007). Examining the relationship between obsessive–compulsive disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents: A familial risk analysis. Biological Psychiatry, 61, 316–321.
  • *Ginsburg, G. S., Burstein, M., Becker, K. D., & Drake, K. L. (2011). Treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder in young children: An intervention model and case series. Child and Family Behavior Therapy, 33, 97–122.
  • *Godoy, A., Gavino, A., Valderrama, L., Quintero, C., Cobos, M. P., Casado, Y., … Capafons, J. I. (2011). Estructura factorial y fiabilidad de la adaptación española de la escala obsesivo–compulsiva de Yale–Brown para niños y adolescentes en su versión de autoinforme (CY–BOCS–SR) [Factor structure and reliability of the Spanish adaptation of the Obsessive–Compulsive Scale for children and adolescent self-report version (CY–BOCS–SR)]. Psicothema, 23, 330–335.
  • Goodman, W. K., Rasmussen, S. A., Price, L. H., & Storch, E. A. (2006). YBOCSII: Clinical version. Unpublished manuscript, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL.
  • *Gorman, D. A., Zhu, H., Anderson, G. M., Davies, M., & Peterson, B. S. (2006). Ferritin levels and their association with regional brain volumes in Tourette's syndrome. American Journal of Psychiatry, 163, 1264–1272.
  • *Guldeniz-Yucelen, A., Rodopman-Arman, A., Topcuoglu, V., Yanki-Yazgan, M., & Fisek, G. (2006). Interrater reliability and clinical efficacy of Children's Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale in an outpatient setting. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 47, 48–53.
  • Hartung, J. (1999). An alternative method for meta-analysis. Biometrical Journal, 41, 901–916.
  • Henson, R. K., & Thompson, B. (2002). Characterizing measurement error in scores across studies: Some recommendations for conducting “reliability generalization” studies. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 35, 113–127.
  • Higgins, J. P. T., & Thompson, S. G. (2002). Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Statistics in Medicine, 21, 1539–1558.
  • Hollander, E., DeCaria, C. M., Mari, E., Wong, C. M., Mosovich, S., Grossman, R., & Begaz, T. (1998). Short-term single-blind fluvoxamine treatment of pathological gambling. American Journal of Psychiatry, 155, 1781–1783.
  • Ivarsson, T., & Valderhaug, R. (2006). Symptom patterns in children and adolescents with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44, 1106–1116.
  • Ivarsson, T., & Winge-Westholm, C. (2004). Temperamental factors in children and adolescents with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) and in normal controls. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 13, 365–372.
  • *Keeley, M. L., Geffken, G. R., Ricketts, E., McNamara, J. P. H., & Storch, E. A. (2011). The therapeutic alliance in the cognitive behavioural treatment of pediatric obsessive–compulsive disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 25, 855–863.
  • Kim, J.-W., Yoo, H.-J., Soo-Churcl, C., Kang-E, M. H., & Boong-Nyun, K. (2005). Behavioral characteristics of Prader–Willi syndrome in Korea: Comparison with children with mental retardation and normal controls. Journal of Child Neurology, 20, 134–138.
  • Knapp, G., & Hartung, J. (2003). Improved tests for a random effects meta-regression with a single covariate. Statistics in Medicine, 22, 2693–2710.
  • Leach, L. F., Henson, R. K., Odom, L. R., & Cagle, L. S. (2006). A reliability generalization study of the Self-Description Questionnaire. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 66, 285–304.
  • *Lewin, A. B., Bergman, R. L., Peris, T. S., Chang, S., McCracken, J. T., & Piacentini, J. (2010). Correlates of insight among youth with obsessive–compulsive disorder. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 51, 603–611.
  • *Lewin, A. B., Caporino, N., Murphy, T. K., Geffken, G. R., & Storch, E. A. (2010). Understudied clinical dimensions in pediatric obsessive compulsive disorder. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 41, 675–691.
  • *Lewin, A. B., Peris, T. S., Bergman, R. L., McCracken, J. T., & Piacentini, J. (2011). The role of treatment in youth receiving exposure-based CBT for obsessive compulsive disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 49, 536–543.
  • López-López, J. A., Botella, J., Sánchez-Meca, J., & Marín-Martínez, F. (2013). Alternatives for mixed-effects meta-regression models in the reliability generalization approach: A simulation study. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics, 38, 443–469.
  • López-López, J. A., Marín-Martínez, F., Sánchez-Meca, J., Van den Noortgate, W., & Viechtbauer, W. (2014). Estimation of the predictive power of the model in mixed-effects meta-regression: A simulation study. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 67, 30–48.
  • Lord, F. M., & Novick, M. R. (1968). Statistical theories of mental tests scores. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
  • Maina, G., Albert, U., Bogetto, F., & Ravizza, L. (1999). Obsessive–compulsive syndromes in older adolescents. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 100, 447–450.
  • *Marrs-Garcia, A., Sapyta, J. J., Moore, P. S., Freeman, J. B., Franklin, M. E., March, J. S., & Foa, E. B. (2010). Predictors and moderators of treatment outcome in the Pediatric Obsessive Compulsive Treatment Study (POTS I). Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 49, 1024–1033.
  • Mason, C., Allam, R., & Brannick, M. T. (2007). How to meta-analyze coefficient-of- stability estimates: Some recommendations on Monte Carlo studies. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 67, 765–783.
  • Mazure, C. M., Halmi, K. A., Sunday, S. R., Romano, S. J., & Einhorn, A. M. (1994). The Yale–Brown–Cornell eating disorder scale: Development, use, reliability and validity. Journal of Psychiatry Research, 28, 425–445.
  • McDonald, R. P. (1999). Test theory: A unified treatment. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
  • *McKay, D., Piacentini, J., Greisberg, S., Graae, F., Jaffer, M., Miller, J., … Yaryura-Tobias, J. A. (2003). The Children's Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale: Item structure in an outpatient setting. Psychological Assessment, 15, 578–581.
  • Merlo, L. J., Storch, E. A., Murphy, T. K., Goodman, W. K., & Geffken, G. R. (2005). Assessment of pediatric obsessive–compulsive disorder: A critical review of current methodology. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 36, 195–214.
  • Modell, J. G., Glaser, F. B., Mountz, J. M., Schmaltz, S., & Cyr, L. (1992). Obsessive and compulsive characteristics of alcohol abuse and dependence: Quantification by a newly developed questionnaire. Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research, 16, 266–271.
  • Monahan, P., Black, D. W., & Gabel, J. (1996). Reliability and validity of a scale to measure change in persons with compulsive buying. Psychiatry Research, 64, 59–67.
  • Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
  • Orwin, R. G. (1994). Evaluating coding decisions. In H. Cooper & L. V. Hedges (Eds.), The handbook of research synthesis (pp. 139–162). New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.
  • *The Pediatric OCD Treatment Study (POTS) Team. (2004). Cognitive-behavior therapy, sertraline, and their combination for children and adolescents with obsessive–compulsive disorder. Journal of the American Medical Association, 292, 1969–1976.
  • *Peris, T. S., Bergman, R. L., Asarnow, J. R., Langley, A., McCracken, J. T., & Piacentini, J. (2010). Clinical and cognitive correlates of depressive symptoms among youth with obsessive compulsive disorder. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 39, 616–626.
  • *Peris, T. S., Bergman, R. L., Langley, A., Chang, S., McCracken, J. T., & Piacentini, J. (2008). Correlates of accommodation of pediatric obsessive–compulsive disorder: Parent, child, and family characteristics. Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 47, 1173–1181.
  • *Peterson, B. S., Prakash, T., Kane, M. J., Scahill, L., Zhang, H., Bronen, R., … Staib, L. (2003). Basal ganglia volumes in patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. Archives of General Psychiatry, 60, 415–424.
  • Phillips, K. A., Hollander, E., Rasmussen, S. A., Aronowitz, B. R., Decaria, C., & Goodman, W. K. (1997). A severity rating scale for body dysmorphic disorder: Development, reliability, and validity of a modified version of the Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 33, 17–22.
  • Rapoport, J. L., Inoff-Germain, G., Weissman, M. M., Greenwald, S., Narrow, W. E., Jensen, P. S., … Canino, G. (2000). Childhood obsessive–compulsive disorder in the NIMH MECA study: Parent versus child identification of cases. Methods for the epidemiology of child and adolescent mental disorders. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 14, 535–548.
  • Raudenbush, S. W. (2009). Analyzing effect sizes: Random-effects models. In H. Cooper, L. V. Hedges, & J. C. Valentine (Eds.), The handbook of research synthesis and meta-analysis ( 2nd ed., pp. 295–315). New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.
  • Rodriguez, M. C., & Maeda, Y. (2006). Meta-analysis of coefficient alpha. Psychological Methods, 11, 306–322.
  • Rouse, S. V. (2007). Using reliability generalization methods to explore measurement error: An illustration using the MMPI–2 PSY–5 scales. Journal of Personality Assessment, 88, 264–275.
  • Sánchez-Meca, J., López-López, J. A., & López-Pina, J. A. (2013). Some recommended statistical analytic practices when reliability generalization studies are conducted. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 66, 402–425.
  • Sánchez-Meca, J., & Marín-Martínez, F. (2008). Confidence intervals for the overall effect size in random-effects meta-analysis. Psychological Methods, 13, 31–48.
  • *Scahill, L., Riddle, M. A., McSwiggin-Hardin, M., Sharon, I. O., King, R. A., Goodman, W. K., … Leckman, J. F. (1997). Children's Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale: Reliability and validity. Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 844–852.
  • Shields, A. L., & Caruso, J. C. (2004). A reliability induction and reliability generalization study of the Cage Questionnaire. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 64, 254–270.
  • Steinberg, K., & Schuch, B. (2002). Classification of obsessive–compulsive disorder in childhood and adolescence. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 106, 97–102.
  • *Steinberg, T., Baruch, S. S., Harush, A., Dar, R., Woods, D., Piacentini, J., & Apter, A. (2010). Tic disorders and the premonitory urge. Journal of Neural Transmission, 117, 277–284.
  • Storch, E. A., Benito, K., & Goodman, W. (2011). Assessment scales for obsessive–compulsive disorder. Neuropsychiatry, 1, 243–250.
  • *Storch, E. A., Caporino, N. E., Morgan, J. R., Lewin, A. B., Rojas, A., Brauer, L., … Murphy, T. K. (2011). Preliminary investigation of web-camera delivered cognitive-behavioral therapy for youth with obsessive–compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Research, 189, 407–412.
  • *Storch, E. A., Geffken, G. F., Merlo, L. J., Jacob, M. L., Murphy, T. K., Goodman, W. K., … Grabill, K. (2007). Family accommodation in pediatric obsessive–compulsive disorder. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 36, 207–216.
  • *Storch, E. A., Geffken, G. R., Merlo, L. J., Mann, G., Duke, D., Munson, M., … Goodman, W. K. (2007). Family-based cognitive-behavioral therapy for pediatric obsessive–compulsive disorder: Comparison of intensive and weekly approaches. Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 46, 469–478.
  • *Storch, E. A., Larson, M. J., Muroff, J., Caporino, N., Geller, D., Reid, J. M., … Murphy, T. K. (2010). Predictors of functional impairment in pediatric obsessive–compulsive disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 24, 275–283.
  • *Storch, E. A., Ledley, D. R., Lewin, A. B., Murphy, T. K., Johns, N. B., Goodman, W. K., & Geffken, G. R. (2006). Peer victimization to children with obsessive–compulsive disorder: Relations with symptoms of psychopathology. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 35, 446–455.
  • *Storch, E. A., Lehmkuhl, H., Pence, S. L., Jr., Geffken, G. R., Ricketss, E., Storch, J. F., & Murphy, T. K. (2009). Parental experiences of having a child with obsessive–compulsive disorder: Associations with clinical characteristics and caregiver adjustment. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 18, 249–258.
  • *Storch, E. A., Lewin, A. B., De Nadai, A. S., & Murphy, T. K. (2010). Defining treatment response and remission in obsessive–compulsive disorder: A signal detection analysis of the Children's Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. Journal of American Academy Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 49, 708–717.
  • *Storch, E. A., Merlo, L. J., Keeley, M. L., Grabill, K., Milsom, V. A., Geffken, G. R., … Goodman, W. K. (2008). Somatic symptoms in children and adolescents with obsessive–compulsive disorder: Associations with clinical characteristics and cognitive-behavioral therapy response. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies, 36, 283–297.
  • *Storch, E. A., Merlo, L. J., Larson, M. J., Geffken, G. R., Lehmkuhl, H. D., Jacob, M. … Goodman, W. K. (2008). Impact of comorbidity on cognitive-behavioral therapy response in pediatric obsessive–compulsive disorder. Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 47, 583–592.
  • *Storch, E. A., Muroff, J., Lewin, A. B., Geller, D., Ross, A., McCarthy, K., … Steketee, G. (2011). Development and preliminary psychometric evaluation of the Children's Saving Inventory. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 42, 166–182.
  • *Storch, E. A., Murphy, T. K., Adkins, J. W., Lewin, A. B., Geffken, G. R., Johns, N. B., … Goodman, W. K. (2006). The Children's Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale: Psychometric properties of child- and parent-report formats. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 20, 1055–1070.
  • *Storch, E. A., Murphy, T. K., Bagner, D. M., Johns, N. B., Baumeister, A. L., Goodman, W. K., & Geffken, G. R. (2006). Reliability and validity of the Child Behavior Checklist Obsessive–Compulsive Scale. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 20, 473–485.
  • *Storch, E. A., Murphy, T. K., Geffken, G. R., Bagner, D. M., Soto, O., Sajid, M., … Goodman, W. K. (2005). Factor analytic study of the Children's Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 34, 312–319.
  • *Storch, E. A., Murphy, T. K., Geffken, G. R., Mann, G., Adkins, J., Merlo, L. J., … Goodman, W. K. (2006). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for PANDAS-related obsessive–compulsive disorder: Findings from a preliminary waitlist controlled open trial. Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 45, 1171–1178.
  • *Storch, E. A., Murphy, T. K., Geffken, G. R., Sajid, M., Allen, P., Roberti, J. W., & Goodman, W. K. (2005). Reliability and validity of the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale. Psychological Assessment, 17, 486–491.
  • *Storch, E. A., Murphy, T. K., Geffken, G. R., Soto, O., Sajid, M., Allen, P., … Goodman, W. K. (2004a). Further psychometric properties of the Tourette's Disorder Scale–parent rated version (TODS–PR). Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 35, 107–120.
  • *Storch, E. A., Murphy, T. K., Geffken, G. R., Soto, O., Sajid, M., Allen, P., … Goodman, W. K. (2004b). Psychometric evaluation of the Children's Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale. Psychiatry Research, 129, 91–98.
  • *Storch, E. A., Stigge-Kaufman, D., Marien, W. E., Sajid, M., Jacob, M. L., Geffken, G. R., … Murphy, T. K. (2008). Obsessive–compulsive disorder in youth with and without a chronic tic disorder. Depression and Anxiety, 25, 761–767.
  • Streiner, D. L., & Norman, G. R. (2008). Health measurement scales: A practical guide to their development and use (4th ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Taylor, S. (2011). Early versus late onset obsessive–compulsive disorder: Evidence for distinct subtypes. Clinical Psychology Review, 31, 1083–1100.
  • Termine, C., Balottin, U., Rossi, G., Maisano, F., Salini, S., Di Nardo, R., & Lanzi, G. (2006). Psychopathology in children and adolescents with Tourette's syndrome: A controlled study. Brain Development, 28, 69–75.
  • Thompson, B., & Vacha-Haase, T. (2000). Psychometrics is datametrics: The test is not reliable. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 60, 174–195.
  • Thomsen, P. H. (1994). Obsessive–compulsive disorder in children and adolescents: A study of phenomenology and family functioning in 20 consecutive Danish cases. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 3, 29–36.
  • *Ulloa, R. E., de la Peña, F., Higuera, F., Palacios, H., Nicolini, H., & Ávila, J. M. (2004). Validity and reliability of the Spanish version of Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Rating Scale for children and adolescents. Actas Españolas de Psiquiatría, 32, 216–221.
  • Vacha-Haase, T. (1998). Reliability generalization: Exploring variance in measurement error affecting score reliability across studies. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 58, 6–20.
  • Vacha-Haase, T., & Thompson, B. (2011). Score reliability: A retrospective look back at 12 years of reliability generalization studies. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 44, 159–168.
  • Vassar, M., & Bradley, G. (2010). A reliability generalization study of coefficient alpha for the Life Orientation Test. Journal of Personality Assessment, 92, 362–370.
  • Vassar, M., & Crosby, J. W. (2008). A reliability generalization study of coefficient alpha for the UCLA Loneliness Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 90, 601–607.
  • Verhaak, L. M., & De Haan, E. (2007). Cognitions in children with OCD: A pilot study for age specific relations with severity. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 16, 353–361.
  • Wang, H.-S., & Kuo, M.-F. (2003). Sonographic lenticulostriate vasculopathy in infancy with tic and other neuropsychiatric disorders developed after 7 to 9 years of follow-up. Brain Development, 25(Suppl. 1), S43–S47.
  • Wilkinson, L., & APA Task Force on Statistical Inference. (1999). Statistical methods in psychology journals: Guidelines and explanations. American Psychologist, 54, 594–604.
  • *Ye, H. J., Rice, K. G., & Storch, E. A. (2008). Perfectionism and peer relations among children with obsessive–compulsive disorder. Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 39, 415–426.
  • Zohar, A. H. (1999). The epidemiology of obsessive–compulsive disorder in children and adolescents. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 8, 445–460.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.