Hello from the Other Side: Can We Perceive Others’ Darkness? Observers’ Accuracy of the Dark Triad

References

• Christie, R. C., & Geis, F. L. (1970). Studies in Machiavellianism. New York: Academic Press.
   Google Scholar
• Cole, D. A., Perkins, C. E., & Zelkowitz, R. L. (2016). Impact of homogeneous and heterogeneous parceling strategies when latent variables represent multidimensional constructs. Psychological Methods, 21(2), 164–174. doi:10.1037/met0000047
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Connelly, B. S., & Ones, D. S. (2010). Another perspective on personality: Meta-analytic integration of observers' accuracy and predictive validity. Psychological Bulletin, 136(6), 1092–1122. doi:10.1037/a0021212
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cronbach, L. J. (1955). Processes affecting scores on “understanding of others” and “assumed similarity. Psychological Bulletin, 52(3), 177–193. doi:10.1037/h0044919
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crowe, M. L., Lynam, D. R, Campbell, W, K., & Miller, J. D. (2019). Exploring the structure of narcissism: Towards an integrated solution. Journal of Personality. doi:10.31219/osf.io/wpcjq
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eid, M. (2000). A multitrait-multimethod model with minimal assumptions. Psychometrika, 65(2), 241–261. doi:10.1007/BF02294377
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eid, M., Lischetzke, T., Nussbeck, F. W., & Trierweiler, L. I. (2003). Separating trait effects from trait-specific method effects in multitrait-multimethod models: A multiple-indicator CT-C(M-1) model. Psychological Methods, 8(1), 38–60. doi:10.1037/1082-989X.8.1.38
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eid, M., Nussbeck, F. W., Geiser, C., Cole, D. A., Gollwitzer, M., & Lischetzke, T. (2008). Structural equation modeling of multitrait-multimethod data: Different models for different types of methods. Psychological Methods, 13(3), 230–253. doi:10.1037/13219
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Funder, D. C. (1995). On the accuracy of personality judgment: A realistic approach. Psychological Review, 102(4), 652–670.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geiser, C., Eid, M., West, S. G., Lischetzke, T., & Nussbeck, F. W. (2012). A comparison of method effects in two confirmatory factor models for structurally different methods. Structural Equation Modeling, 19(3), 409–436.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hansen, C. H., & Hansen, R. D. (1991). Constructing personality and social reality through music: Individual differences among fans of punk and heavy metal music. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 35(3), 335–350. doi:10.1080/08838159109364129
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hirschmüller, S., Egloff, B., Schmukle, S. C., Nestler, S., & Back, M. D. (2015). Accurate judgments of neuroticism at zero acquaintance: A question of relevance. Journal of Personality, 83(2), 221–228. doi:10.1111/jopy.12097
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jakobwitz, S., & Egan, V. (2006). The dark triad and normal personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 40(2), 331–339. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2005.07.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• John, O. P., & Robins, R. W. (1993). Determinants of interjudge agreement on personality traits: The Big Five domains, observability, evaluativeness, and the unique perspective of the self. Journal of Personality, 61(4), 521–551. doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.1993.tb00781.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jones, D. N., & Paulhus, D. L. (2014). Introducing the short Dark Triad (SD3): A brief measure of dark personality traits. Assessment, 21(1), 28–41. doi:10.1177/1073191113514105
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kenrick, D. T., & Funder, D. C. (1988). Profiting from controversy: Lessons from the person-situation debate. American Psychologist, 43(1), 23. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.43.1.23
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Küfner, A. C. P., Dufner, M., & Back, M. D. (2015). Das Dreckige Dutzend und die Niederträchtigen Neun. Diagnostica, 61(2), 76–91. doi:10.1026/0012-1924/a000124
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leising, D., Erbs, J., & Fritz, U. (2010). The letter of recommendation effect in informant ratings of personality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 98(4), 668–682.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leising, D., Gallrein, A. M. B., & Dufner, M. (2014). Judging the behavior of people we know: Objective assessment, confirmation of preexisting views, or both? Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin, 40(2), 153–163. doi:10.1177/0146167213507287
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leising, D., Ostrovski, O., & Zimmermann, J. (2013). “Are We Talking About the Same Person Here?”: Interrater Agreement in Judgments of Personality Varies Dramatically With How Much the Perceivers Like the Targets. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 4(4), 468–474.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leising, D., Scherbaum, S., Locke, K. D., & Zimmermann, J. (2015). A model of “substance” and “evaluation” in person judgments. Journal of Research in Personality, 57, 61–71. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2015.04.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lucas, R. E., & Donnellan, M. B. (2009). Editorial: If the person-situation debate is really over, why does it still generate so much negative affect? Journal of Research in Personality, 43(2), 146–149. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2009.02.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maaß, U., Lämmle, L., Bensch, D., & Ziegler, M. (2016). Narcissists of a feather flock together: Narcissism and the similarity of friends. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 42(3), 366–384. doi:10.1177/0146167216629114
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maaß, U., & Ziegler, M. (2017). Narcissistic self-promotion is not moderated by the strength of situational cues. Personality and Individual Differences, 104, 482–488. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2016.09.008
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McAbee, S. T., & Connelly, B. S. (2016). A multi-rater framework for studying personality: The Trait-Reputation-Identity model. Psychological Review, 123(5), 569–591. doi:10.1037/rev0000035
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moffitt, T. E. (1993). Adolescence-limited and life-course-persistent antisocial behavior: A developmental taxonomy. Psychological Review, 100(4), 674–701. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.100.4.674
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moshagen, M., Hilbig, B. E., & Zettler, I. (2018). The dark core of personality. Psychological Review, 125(5), 656–688. doi:10.1037/rev0000111
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muris, P., Merckelbach, H., Otgaar, H., & Meijer, E. (2017). The malevolent side of human nature: A meta-analysis and critical review of the literature on the dark triad (narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy). Perspectives on Psychological Science, 12(2), 183–204. doi:10.1177/1745691616666070
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (1998-2017). Mplus user’s guide (8th ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén.
   Google Scholar
• Nussbeck, F. W., Eid, M., Geiser, C., Courvoisier, D. S., & Lischetzke, T. (2009). A CTC(M − 1) model for different types of raters. Methodology, 5(3), 88–98. doi:10.1027/1614-2241.5.3.88
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nussbeck, F. W., Eid, M., & Lischetzke, T. (2006). Analysing multitrait-multimethod data with structural equation models for ordinal variables applying the WLSMV estimator: What sample size is needed for valid results? The British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 59(1), 195–213. doi:10.1348/000711005X67490
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paulhus, D. L., Hemphill, J., & Hare, R. (2009). Manual for the self-report psychopathy scale (SRP-III). Toronto: Multi-Health Systems.
   Google Scholar
• Paulhus, D. L., & Williams, K. M. (2002). The Dark Triad of personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. Journal of Research in Personality, 36(6), 556–563. doi:10.1016/S0092-6566(02)00505-6
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pohl, S., Steyer, R., & Kraus, K. (2008). Modelling method effects as individual causal effects. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A, 171, 1–23.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poropat, A. E. (2014). Other-rated personality and academic performance: Evidence and implications. Learning and Individual Differences, 34, 24–32. doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2014.05.013
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raskin, R., & Terry, H. (1988). A principal-components analysis of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory and further evidence of its construct validity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(5), 890. doi:10.1037//0022-3514.54.5.890
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rauthmann, J. F. (2012). Towards multifaceted Machiavelliansim: Content, factorial, and validity of a German Machiavellianism Scale. Personality and Individual Differences, 52(3), 345–351. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2011.10.038
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rauthmann, J. F. (2013). Investigating the MACH-IV with items response theory and proposing the timed MACH*. Journal of Personality Assessment, 95(4), 388. doi:10.1080/00223891.2012.742905
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rauthmann, J. F., & Sherman, R. A. (2018). The description of situations: Towards replicable domains of psychological situation characteristics. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 114(3), 482–488. doi:10.1037/pspp0000162
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogers, K. H., & Biesanz, J. C. (2018). Reassessing the good judge of personality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 117(1), 186–200. Advance online publication. doi:10.1037/pspp0000197
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H., & Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the Fit of Structural Equation Models: Tests of Significance and Descriptive Goodness-of-Fit Measures. Methods of Psychological Research, 8(2), 23–74.
   Google Scholar
• Schönbrodt, F. D., & Perugini, M. (2013). At what sample size do correlations stabilize? Journal of Research in Personality, 47(5), 609–612. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2013.05.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schütz, A., Marcus, B., & Sellin, I. (2004). Die Messung von Narzissmus als Persönlichkeitskonstrukt. Diagnostica, 50(4), 202–218. doi:10.1026/0012-1924.50.4.202
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vazire, S. (2006). Informant reports: A cheap, fast, and easy method for personality assessment. Journal of Research in Personality, 40(5), 472–481. doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2005.03.003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vazire, S. (2010). Who knows what about a person? The self–other knowledge asymmetry (SOKA) model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 98(2), 281. doi:10.1037/a0017908
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vazire, S., & Mehl, M. R. (2008). Knowing me, knowing you: The accuracy and unique predictive validity of self-ratings and other-ratings of daily behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95(5), 1202. doi:10.1037/a0013314
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vernon, P. A., Villani, V. C., Vickers, L. C., & Harris, J. A. (2008). A behavioral genetic investigation of the Dark Triad and the Big Five. Personality and Individual Differences, 44(2), 445–452. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2007.09.007
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vize, C. E., Collison, K. L., Miller, J. D., & Lynam, D. R. (2018). Examining the effects of controlling for shared variance among the Dark Triad using meta-analytic structural equitation modeling. European Journal of Personality, 32(1), 46–61.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vize, C. E., Lynam, D. R., Collison, K. L., & Miller, J. D. (2016). Differences among Dark Triad components: A meta-analytic investigation. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 9(2), 101–111. doi:10.1037/per0000222
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yalch, M. M., & Hopwood, C. J. (2016). Target-, informant-, and meta-perceptual ratings of maladaptive traits. Psychological Assessment, 29(9), 1142–1156. doi:10.1037/pas0000417
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ziegler, M., & Bühner, M. (2009). Modeling socially desirable responding and its effects. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 69(4), 548–565. doi:10.1177/0013164408324469
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ziegler, M., Danay, E., Schölmerich, F., & Bühner, M. (2010). Predicting academic success with the Big Five rated from different points of view: Self-rated, other rated and faked. European Journal of Personality, 24, 341–355. doi:10.1002/per.753
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar