Trust in Supervisor and Job Engagement: Mediating Effects of Psychological Safety and Felt Obligation

References

• Arthur, W., Bennett, W., Edens, P. S., & Bell, S. T. (2003). Effectiveness of training in organizations: A meta-analysis of design and evaluation features. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 234–245. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.2.234
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Albrecht, S. L., Bakker, A. B., Gruman, J. A., Macey, W. H., & Saks, A. M. (2015). Employee engagement, human resource management practices and competitive advantage: An integrated approach. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 2, 7–35. https://doi.org/10.1108/JOEPP-08-2014-0042
   Google Scholar
• Alfes, K., Shantz, A. D., Truss, C., & Soane, E. C. (2012). The link between perceived human resource management practices, engagement and employee behaviour: A moderated mediation model. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24, 330–351. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2012.679950
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bachmann, R., & Zaheer, A. (2006). Handbook of trust research. Cheltenham, PA: Edward Elgar.
   Google Scholar
• Bandalos, D. L. (2002). The effects of item parceling on goodness-of-fit and parameter estimate bias in structural equation modeling. Structural Equation Modeling, 9, 78–102. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15328007SEM0901_5
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnett, T., Namasivayam, P., & Narudin, D. A. A. (2010). A critical review of the nursing shortage in Malaysia. International Nursing Review, 57, 32–39. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-7657.2009.00784.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barrick, M. R., Mount, M. K., & Judge, T. A. (2001). Personality and performance at the beginning of the new millennium: What do we know and where do we go next? International Journal of Selection & Assessment, 9, 9–30. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2389.00160
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Basit, A. A., & Arshad, R. (2016). The role of needs-supplies fit and job satisfaction in predicting employee engagement. Jurnal Pengurusan, 47, 3–12. https://doi.org/10.17576/pengurusan-2016-47-01
   Google Scholar
• Blau, P. M. (1964). Exchange and power in social life. New York, NY:Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Brunetto, Y., Xerri, M., Shriberg, A., Farr-Wharton, R., Shacklock, K., Newman, S., & Dienger, J. (2013). The impact of workplace relationships on engagement, well-being, commitment and turnover for nurses in Australia and the USA. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 69, 2786–2799. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.12165
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byle, K., & Holtgraves, T. (2008). Integrity testing, personality, and design: Interpreting the personnel reaction blank. Journal of Business & Psychology, 22, 287–295. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-008-9059-z
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byrne, Z. S., Peters, J. M., & Weston, J. W. (2016). The struggle with employee engagement: Measures and construct clarification using five samples. Journal of Applied Psychology, 101, 201–1227. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000124
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carasco-Saul, M., Kim, W., & Kim, T. (2015). Leadership and employee engagement: Proposing research agendas through a review of literature. Human Resource Development Review, 14, 38–63. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484314560406
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, C., Yen, C., & Tsai, F. C. (2014). Job crafting and job engagement: The mediating role of person-job fit. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 37, 21–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2013.10.006
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Christian, M. S., Garza, A. S., & Slaughter, J. E. (2011). Work engagement: A quantitative review and test of its relations with task and contextual performance. Personnel Psychology, 64, 89–136. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2010.01203.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chughtai, A. A. (2016). Servant leadership and follower outcomes: Mediating effects of organizational identification and psychological safety. The Journal of Psychology, 150, 866–880. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2016.1170657
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chughtai, A. A., & Buckley, F. (2009). Linking trust in the principal to school outcomes: The mediating role of organizational identification and work engagement. International Journal of Educational Management, 23, 574–589.
   Google Scholar
• Chughtai, A. A., & Buckley, F. (2011). Work engagement: Antecedents, the mediating role of learning goal orientation and job performance. Career Development International, 16, 684–705. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431111187290
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colquitt, J. A., Greenberg, J., & Zapata-Phelan, C. P. (2005). What is organizational justice? A historical overview. In J. Greenberg & J. A. Colquitt (Eds.), The handbook of organizational justice (pp. 3–56). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
   Google Scholar
• Colquitt, J. A., Lepine, J. A., Piccolo, R. F., & Zapata, C. P. (2012). Explaining the justice-performance relationship: Trust as exchange deepener or trust as uncertainty reducer? Journal of Applied Psychology, 97, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025208
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Conchie, S. M., Taylor, P. J., & Donald, I. J. (2012). Promoting safety voice with safety-specific transformational leadership: The mediating role of two dimensions of trust. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 17, 105–115. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025101
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coyle-Shapiro, J., Morrow, P. C., & Kessler, I. (2006). Serving two organizations: Exploring the employment relationship of contracted employees. Human Resource Management, 45, 561–583. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.20132
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crawford, E. R., LePine, J. A., & Rich, B. L. (2010). Linking job demands and resources to employee engagement and burnout: A theoretical extension and meta-analytic test. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95, 834–848. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0019364
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cropanzano, R., & Mitchell, M. S. (2005). Social exchange theory: An interdisciplinary review. Journal of Management, 31, 874–900. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206305279602
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dirks, K. T., & Ferrin, D. L. (2002). Trust in leadership: Meta-analytic findings and implications for research and practice. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, 611–628. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.4.611
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dutton, J. E., & Heaphy, E. D. (2003). The power of high-quality connections. In K. S. Cameron, J. E. Dutton, & R. E. Quinn (Eds.), Positive organizational scholarship: Foundations of a new discipline. San Francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler.
   Google Scholar
• Edmondson, A. (1999). Psychological safety and learning behavior in work teams. Administrative Science Quarterly, 44, 350–383. https://doi.org/10.2307/2666999
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Edmondson, A., & Lei, Z. (2014). Psychological safety: The history, renaissance, and future of an interpersonal construct. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 1, 23–43. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-031413-091305
   Google Scholar
• Eisenberger, R., Armeli, S., Rexwinkel, B., Lynch, P. D., & Rhoades, L. (2001). Reciprocation of perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 42–51. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.86.1.42
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghosh, P., Rai, A., & Sinha, A. (2014).Organizational justice and employee engagement: Exploring the linkage in public sector banks in India. Personnel Review, 43, 628–652. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-08-2013-0148
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gouldner, A. W. (1960). The norm of reciprocity: A preliminary statement. American Sociological Review, 25, 161–178. https://doi.org/10.2307/2092623
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Halbesleben, J. R. B. (2010). A meta-analysis of work engagement: Relationships with burnout, demands, resources, and consequences. In A. B. Bakker & M. P. Leiter (Eds.), Work engagement: A handbook of essential theory and research: 102–117. New York, NY: Psychology Press.
   Google Scholar
• Harter, J. K., Schmidt, F. L., & Hayes, T. L. (2002). Business-unit-level relationship between employee satisfaction, employee engagement, and business outcomes: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, 268–279. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.2.268
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• He, H., Zhu, W., & Zheng, X. (2014). Procedural justice and employee engagement: Roles of organizational identification and moral identity centrality. Journal of Business Ethics, 122, 681–695. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-013-1774-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heaphy, E. D., & Dutton, J. E. (2008). Positive social interactions and the human body at work: Linking organizations and physiology. Academy of Management Review, 33, 137–162. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.2008.27749365
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hon, A. H. Y., & Lu, L. (2010). The mediating role of trust between expatriate procedural justice and employee outcomes in Chinese hotel industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 29, 669–676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2010.01.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jeanquart-Barone, S., & Sekaran, U. (1994). Effect of supervisor's gender on American women's trust. Journal of Social Psychology, 134, 253–255. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224545.1994.9711391
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33, 692–724. https://doi.org/10.2307/256287
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahn, W. A. (2010). The essence of engagement: Lessons from the field. In S. L. Albrecht (Eds.), Handbook of employee engagement: Perspectives, issues, research and practice. Cheltenham, PA: Edward Elgar.
   Google Scholar
• Kam, C., Morin, A. J. S., Meyer, J. P., & Topolnytsky, L. (2016). Are commitment profiles stable and predictable? A latent transition analysis. Journal of Management, 42, 1462–1490. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206313503010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kark, R., & Carmeli, A. (2009). Alive and creating: The mediating role of vitality and aliveness in the relationship between psychological safety and creative work involvement. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 30, 785–804. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.571
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, P. H., Dirks, K. T., & Cooper, C. D. (2009). The repair of trust: A dynamic bilateral perspective and multilevel conceptualizaiton. Academy of Management Review, 34, 401–422. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.2009.40631887
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, W., Kolb, J. A., & Kim, T. (2012). The relationship between work engagement and performance: A review of empirical literature and a proposed research agenda. Human Resource Development Review, 12, 248–276. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484312461635
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klotz, A. C., Da Motta Veiga, S. P., Buckley, M. R., & Gavin, M. B. (2013). The role of trustworthiness in recruitment and selection: A review and guide for future research. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 34, 104–119. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1891
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landis, R. S., Beal, D. J., & Tesluk, P. E. (2000). A comparison of approaches to forming composite measures in structural equation models. Organizational Research Methods, 3, 186–207. https://doi.org/10.1177/109442810032003
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, Y., Kown, K., & Kim, W., & Cho, D. (2016). Work engagement and career: Proposing research agendas through a review of literature. Human Resource Development Review, 15, 29–54. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484316628356
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liang, J., Farh, C. I. C., & Farh, J. (2012). Psychological antecedents of promotive and prohibitive voice: A Two-wave examination. Academy of Management Journal, 55, 71–73. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2010.0176
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Little, T. D., Rhemtulla, M., Gibson, K., & Schoemann, A. M. (2013). Why the items versus parcels controversy needn't be one. Psychological Methods, 18, 285–300. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0033266
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macey, W. H., Schneider, B., Barbera, K. M., & Young, S. A. (2009). Employee engagement: Tools for analysis, practice, and competitive advantage. Chichester, UK: Blackwell Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444306538
   Google Scholar
• Mackay, M. M., Allen, J. A., & Landis, R. S. (2016). Investigating the incremental validity of employee engagement in the prediction of employee effectiveness: A meta-analytic path analysis. Human Resource Management Review, 27, 108–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2016.03.002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• May, D. R., Gilson, R. L., & Harter, L. M. (2004). The psychological conditions of meaningfulness, safety and availability and the engagement of the human spirit at work. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 77, 11–37. https://doi.org/10.1348/096317904322915892
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McAllister, D. J. (1995). Affect- and cognition-based trust as foundations for interpersonal cooperation in organizations. Academy of Management Journal, 38, 24–59. https://doi.org/10.2307/256727
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCabe, T. J., & Sambrook, S. (2013). The antecedents, attributes and consequences of trust among nurses and nurse managers: A concept analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 51, 815–827. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2013.10.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meyer, J. P., & Herscovitch, L. (2001). Commitment in the workplace: Toward a general model. Human Resource Management Review, 11, 299–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-4822(00)00053-X
   Google Scholar
• Nooteboom, B. (2002). Trust: Forms, foundations, functions, failures, and figures. Cheltenham, PA: Edward Elgar.
   Google Scholar
• Othman, N., & Nasurdin, A. M. (2013). Social support and work engagement: A study of Malaysian nurses. Journal of Nursing Management, 21, 1083–1090. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2834.2012.01448.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perugini, M., Gallucci, M., Presaghi, F., & Ercolani, A. P. (2003). The personal norm of reciprocity. European Journal of Personality, 17, 251–283. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.474
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2012). Sources of method bias in social science research and recommendations on how to control it. Annual Review of Psychology, 63, 539–569. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120710-100452
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. -Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 879–903. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40, 879–891. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.40.3.879
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quinn, R. W. (2007). Energizing others in work connections. In J. E. Dutton & B. R. Ragins & (Eds.), Exploring positive relationships at work: Building a theoretical and research foundation. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
   Google Scholar
• Rich, B. L., Lepine, J. A., & Crawford, E. R. (2010). Job engagement: Antecedents and effects on job performance. Academy of Management Journal, 53, 617–635. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2010.51468988
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robinson, S. L., & Rousseau, D. M. (1994). Violating the psychological contract: Not the exception but the norm. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 15, 245–259. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030150306
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rousseau, D. M., Sitkin, S. B., Burt, R. S., & Camerer, C. (1998). Not so different after all: A cross-discipline view of trust. Academy of Management Review, 23, 393–404. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.1998.926617
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: Classic definitions and new directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25, 54–67. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1999.1020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saks, A. M. (2006). Antecedents and consequences of employee engagement. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 21, 600–619. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940610690169
   Google Scholar
• Saks, A. M., & Gruman, J. A. (2014). What do we really know about employee engagement? Human Resource Development Quarterly, 25, 155–182. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.21187
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salas, E., Tannenbaum, S. I., Kraiger, K., & Simth-Jentsch, K. A. (2012). The science of training and development in organizations: What matters in practice. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 13, 74–101. https://doi.org/10.1177/1529100612436661
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schaubroeck, J. M., Lam, S. S. K., & Peng, A. C. (2011). Cognition-based and affect-based trust as mediators of leader behavior influences on team performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96, 863–871. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022625
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schaufeli, W. B., Salanova, M., González-Romá, V., & Bakker, A. B. (2002). The measurement of engagement and burnout: A two sample confirmatory factor analytic approach. Journal of Happiness Studies, 3, 71–92. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015630930326
   Google Scholar
• Schmidt, F. L., & Hunter, J. E. (1998). The validity and utility of selection methods in personnel psychology: Practical and theoretical implications of 85 years of research findings. Psychological Bulletin, 124, 262–274. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.124.2.262
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schneider, B., Macey, W. H., Barbera, K. M., & Young, S. A. (2010). The role of employee trust in understanding employee engagement. In S. L. Albrecht (Eds.), Handbook of employee engagement: Perspectives, issues, research and practice. Cheltenham, PA: Edward Elgar.
   Google Scholar
• Shadish, W. R., Cook, T. D., & Campbell, D. T. (2002). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for generalized causal inference. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.
   Google Scholar
• Shuck, M. B., Reio, T. G., & Rocco, T. S. (2011). Employee engagement: An examination of antecedent and outcome variables. Human Resource Development International, 14, 427–445. https://doi.org/10.1080/13678868.2011.601587
   Google Scholar
• Shuck, M. B., Twyford, D., Reio, T. G., & Shuck, A. (2014). Human resource development practices and employee engagement: Examining the connection with employee turnover intentions. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 25, 239–270. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.21190
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Skinner, D., & Searle, R. H. (2011). Trust in the context of performance appraisal. In R. H. Searle & D. Skinner & (Eds.), Trust and human resource management. Cheltenham, PA: Edward Elgar.
   Google Scholar
• Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics. Boston, MA: Pearson Education.
   Google Scholar
• Towers Watson. (2014). The 2014 global workforce study. Retrieved from https://www.towerswatson.com/en/Insights/IC-Types/Survey-Research-Results/2014/08/the-2014-global-workforce-study
   Google Scholar
• Trinchero, E., Brunetto, Y., & Borgonovi, E. (2013). Examining the antecedents of engaged nurses in Italy: Perceived Organisational Support (POS); satisfaction with training and development; discretionary power. Journal of Nursing Management, 21, 805–816. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.12143
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ugwu, F. O., Onyishi, I. E., & Rodríguez-Sánchez, A. M. (2014)., Linking organizational trust with employee engagement: The role of psychological empowerment, Personnel Review, 43, 377–400. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-11-2012-0198
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Iddekinge, C. H., & Ployhart, R. E. (2008). Developments in the criterion-related validation of selection procedures: A critical review and recommendations for practice. Personnel Psychology, 61, 871–925. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2008.00133.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitener, E. M., Brodt, S. E., Korsgaard, M. A., & Werner, J. M. (1998). Managers as initiators of trust: An exchange relationship framework for understanding managerial trustworthy behavior. Academy of Management Review, 23, 513–530.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu, J., & Thomas, H. C. (2011). How can leaders achieve high employee engagement? Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 32, 399–416. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437731111134661
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, J., Mossholder, K. W., & Peng, T. K. (2009). Supervisory procedural justice effects: The mediating roles of cognitive and affective trust. The Leadership Quarterly, 20, 143–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2009.01.009
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu, C., & Frenkel, S. J. (2013). Explaining task performance and creativity from perceived organizational support theory: Which mechanisms are more important? Journal of Organizational Behavior, 34, 1165–1181. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1844
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zapata, C. P., Olsen, J. E., & Martins, L. L. (2013). Social exchange from the supervisor's perspective: Employee trustworthiness as a predictor of interpersonal and informational justice. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 121, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2012.11.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar