Thinking Styles and Modes of Thinking: Implications for Education and Research

References

• Allinson , C. W. and Hayes , J. 1996 . The Cognitive Style Index: A measure of intuition-analysis for organizational research. . Journal of Management Studies , 33 ( 1 ) : 119 – 135 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banich , M. T. 1998 . Integration of information between the cerebral hemispheres. . Current Directions in Psychological Science , 7 ( 1 ) : 32 – 37 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banich , M. T. and Heller , W. 1998 . Evolving perspectives on lateralization of function. . Current Directions in Psychological Science , 7 ( 1 ) : 1 – 2 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beeman , M. J. and Chiarello , C. 1998 . Complementary right- and left-hemisphere language comprehension. . Current Directions in Psychological Science , 7 ( 1 ) : 2 – 7 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biggs , J. B. 1979 . Individual differences in study processes and the quality of learning outcomes. . Higher Education , 8 : 381 – 394 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Biggs , J. B. 1987 . Student approaches to learning and studying. , Hawthorn : Australian Council for Educational Research. .
   Google Scholar
• Biggs , J. B. 1992 . Why and how do Hong Kong students learn? Using the Learning and Study Process Questionnaires. , Education Paper No. 14 Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong .
   Google Scholar
• Bracken , B. A. , Ledford , T. L. and McCallum , R. S. 1979 . Effects of cerebral dominance on college-level achievement. . Perceptual and Motor Skills , 49 : 445 – 446 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cattell , R. B. 1966 . The scree test for the number of factors. . Multivariate Behavioral Research , 1 : 245 – 276 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curry , L. 1983 . An organization of learning styles theory and constructs. , (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 235185).
   Google Scholar
• Entwistle , N. 1981 . Styles of teaching and learning: An integrated outline of educational psychology for students, teachers, and lecturers. , New York : Wiley. .
   Google Scholar
• Entwistle , N. J. and Tait , H. 1994 . The revised approaches to studying inventory. , University of Edinburgh, Center for Research into Learning and Instruction. .
   Google Scholar
• Ford , N. 1995 . Levels and types of mediation in instructional systems: An individual differences approach. . International Journal of Human-Computer Studies , 43 : 241 – 259 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gibbs , G. , Habeshaw , S. and Habeshaw , T. 1988 . 53 interesting ways to appraise your teaching. , Bristol , England : Technical and Educational Services. .
   Google Scholar
• Gregorc , A. F. 1982 . Gregorc Style Delineator. , Maynard , MA : Gabriel Systems. .
   Google Scholar
• Grigorenko , E. L. and Sternberg , R. J. 1995 . “ Thinking styles. ” . In International handbook of personality and intelligence , Edited by: Saklofske , D. and Zeidner , M. 205 – 230 . New York : Plenum. .
   Google Scholar
• Grigorenko , E. L. and Sternberg , R. J. 1997 . Styles of thinking, abilities, and academic performance. . Exceptional Children , 63 ( 3 ) : 295 – 312 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grow , M. F. and Johnson , N. 1983 . Math learning: The two hemispheres. . Humanistic Education and Development , 20 ( 1 ) September : 30 – 39 .
   Google Scholar
• Harasym , P. H. , Leong , E. J. , Juschka , B. B. , Lucier , G. E. and Lorscheider , F. L. 1996 . Relationship between Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and Gregorc Style Delineator. . Perceptual and Motor Skills , 82 : 1203 – 1210 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harnad , S. 1972 . Creativity, lateral saccades, and the nondominant hemisphere. . Perceptual and Motor Skills , 34 : 653 – 654 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holland , J. L. 1994 . Self-directed search. , Odessa , FL : Psychological Assessment Resources. .
   Google Scholar
• Honey , P. and Mumford , A. 1992 . The manual of learning styles. , Maidenhead , Berkshire, UK : Honey Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Jones , A. E. 1997 . Reflection–impulsivity and wholist–analytic: Two fledglings? Or is R-I a cuckoo? . Educational Psychology , 17 ( 1 & 2 ) : 65 – 77 .
   Google Scholar
• Jung , C. 1923 . Psychological types. , New York : Harcourt Brace. .
   Google Scholar
• Kagan , J. 1966 . Reflection–impulsivity: The generality and dynamics of conceptual tempo. . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 71 : 17 – 24 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim , J. and Michael , W. B. 1995 . The relationship of creativity measures to school achievement and preferred learning and thinking style in a sample of Korean high school students. . Educational and Psychological Measurement , 55 ( 1 ) : 60 – 74 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marton , F. 1976 . “ What does it take to learn? Some implications on an alternative view of learning. ” . In Strategies for research and development in higher education , Edited by: Entwistle , N. J. 200 – 222 . Amsterdam : Swets and Zeitlinger. .
   Google Scholar
• McCarthy , B. 1980 . The 4-Mat system: Teaching to learning style. , Arlington Heights , IL : Excel. .
   Google Scholar
• Myers , I. B. and McCaulley , M. H. 1988 . Manual: A guide to the development and use of the Myers-Briggs type indicator. , Palo Alto , CA : Consulting Psychologists Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Okabayashi. , H. and Torrance , E. P. 1984 . Role of style of learning and thinking and self directed learning readiness in the achievement of gifted students. . Journal of Learning Disabilities , 17 ( 2 ) : 104 – 107 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pask , G. and Scott , B. C. E. 1972 . Learning strategies and individual competence. . International Journal of Man-Machine Studies , 4 : 242 – 253 .
   Google Scholar
• Riding , R. 1991 . Cognitive style analysis user manual. , Birmingham , UK : Learning and Training Technology. .
   Google Scholar
• Riding , R. and Cheema , I. 1991 . Cognitive styles—An overview and integration. . Educational Psychology , 11 : 193 – 215 .
   Google Scholar
• Riechmann , S. W. and Grasha , A. F. 1974 . A rational approach to developing and assessing the construct validity of a student learning styles scale instrument. . The Journal of Psychology , 87 : 213 – 223 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sadler-Smith , E. 1997 . “Learning style”: Frameworks and instruments. . Educational Psychology , 17 ( 1–2 ) : 51 – 63 .
   Google Scholar
• Sadler-Smith , E. 1999 . Intuition-analysis style and approaches to studying. . Educational Studies , 25 ( 2 ) : 159 – 173 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sternberg , R. J. 1988 . Mental self-government: A theory of intellectual styles and their development. . Human Development , 31 : 197 – 224 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sternberg , R. J. 1994 . “ Thinking styles: Theory and assessment at the interface between intelligence and personality. ” . In Intelligence and personality , Edited by: Sternberg , R. J. and Ruzgis , P. 169 – 187 . New York : Cambridge University Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Sternberg , R. J. 1997 . Thinking styles. , New York : Cambridge University Press. .
   Google Scholar
• Sternberg , R. J. and Grigorenko , E. L. 1995 . Styles of thinking in the school. . European Journal for High Ability , 6 : 201 – 219 .
   Google Scholar
• Sternberg , R. J. and Wagner , R. K. 1992 . Thinking Styles Inventory. Unpublished test. Yale University, New Haven, CT.
   Google Scholar
• Tan-Willman , C. 1981 . Cerebral hemispheric specialization of academically gifted and nongifted male and female adolescents. . The Journal of Creative Behavior , 15 ( 4 ) : 276 – 277 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torrance , E. P. 1981 . Implications of whole-brained theories of learning and thinking for computer-based instruction. . Journal of Computer-Based Instruction , 7 ( 4 ) : 99 – 105 .
   Google Scholar
• Torrance , E. P. 1988 . Style of learning and thinking: Administrator's manual. , Bensenville , IL : Scholastic Testing Service. .
   Google Scholar
• Torrance , E. P. , McCarthy , B. and Kolesinski , M. T. 1988 . Style of learning and thinking. , Bensenville , IL : Scholastic Testing Service. .
   Google Scholar
• Wilkin , H. A. 1964 . “ Origins of cognitive style. ” . In Cognition, theory, research, promise. , Edited by: Sheerer , C. New York : Harper and Row. .
   Google Scholar
• Zhang , L. F. 1999 . Further cross-cultural validation of the theory of mental self-government. . The Journal of Psychology , 133 : 165 – 181 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang , L. F. 2000a . Are thinking styles and personality types related? . Educational Psychology , 20 : 271 – 283 .
   Google Scholar
• Zhang , L. F. 2000b . Relationship between Thinking Styles Inventory and Study Process Questionnaire. . Personality and Individual Differences , 29 : 841 – 856 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang , L. F. 2000c . The short-version self-directed search. Unpublished test, The University of Hong Kong.
   Google Scholar
• Zhang , L. F. and Sachs , J. 1997 . Assessing thinking styles in the theory of mental self-government: A Hong Kong validity study. . Psychological Reports , 81 : 915 – 928 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang , L. F. and Sternberg , R. J. 1998 . Thinking styles, abilities, and academic achievement among Hong Kong university students. . Educational Research Journal , 13 ( 1 ) : 41 – 62 .
   Google Scholar
• Zhang , L. F. and Sternberg , R. J. 2000 . Are learning approaches and thinking styles related? A study in two Chinese populations. . The Journal of Psychology , 134 : 469 – 489 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang , L. F. and Sternberg , R. J. 2001 . “ Thinking styles across cultures: Their relationships with student learning. ” . In Perspectives on thinking, learning, and cognitive styles , Edited by: Sternberg , R. J. and Zhang , L. F. 197 – 226 . Mahwah , NJ : Erlbaum. .
   Google Scholar