Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Sexual Intent Scale

References

• Abbey , A. ( 1982 ). Sex differences in attributions for friendly behavior: Do males misperceive females’ friendliness? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 45 , 830 – 838 . doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.42.5.830
   Google Scholar
• Abbey , A. ( 1987 ). Misperception of friendly behavior as sexual interest: A survey of naturally occurring incidents . Psychology of Women Quarterly , 11 , 173 – 194 . doi: 10.1111/j.1471–6402.1987.tb00782.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abbey , A. ( 1991 ). Misperception as an antecedent of acquaintance rape: A consequence of ambiguity in communication between women and men . In A. Parrot & L. Bechhofer (Eds.), Acquaintance rape: The hidden crime (pp. 96 – 111 ). New York , NY : Wiley .
   Google Scholar
• Abbey , A. , & Harnish , R. J. ( 1995 ). Perceptions of sexual intent: The role of gender, alcohol consumption, and rape supportive attitudes . Sex Roles , 32 , 297 – 313 . doi: 10.1007/BF01544599
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abbey , A. , Jacques-Tiura , A. J. , & LeBreton , J. M. ( 2011 ). Risk factors for sexual aggression in young men: An expansion of the confluence model . Aggressive Behavior , 37 , 1 – 15 . doi: 10.1002/ab.20399
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abbey , A. , & McAuslan , P. ( 2004 ). A longitudinal examination of male college students’ perpetration of sexual assault . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 72 , 747 – 756 . doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.72.5.747
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abbey , A. , Parkhill , M. R. , BeShears , R. , Clinton-Sherrod , A. M. , & Zawacki , T. ( 2006 ). Cross-sectional predictors of sexual assault perpetration in a community sample of single men . Aggressive Behavior , 32 , 54 – 67 . doi: 10.1002/ab.20107
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Altman , I. , & Taylor , D. ( 1973 ). Social penetration: The development of interpersonal relationships . New York , NY : Holt, Rinehart, and Winston .
   Google Scholar
• Bartlett , M. S. ( 1954 ). A note on the multiplying factors for various chi-square approximations . Journal of the Royal Statistical Society , 16 (Series B) , 296 – 298 .
   Google Scholar
• Bem , S. L. ( 1974 ). The measurement of psychological androgyny . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 42 , 155 – 162 . doi: 10.1037/h0036215
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bondurant , B. , & Donat , P. L. (1999). Perceptions of women's sexual interest and acquaintance rape. Psychology of Women Quarterly , 23, 691–705. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6402.1999.tb00392.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bostwick , T. D. , & DeLucia , J. L. ( 1992 ). Effects of gender and specific dating behaviors on perceptions of sex willingness and date rape . Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology , 11 , 14 – 25 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burt , M. R. ( 1980 ). Cultural myths and supports for rape . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 38 , 217 – 230 . doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.38.2.217
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Carver , C. S. ( 1989 ). How should multifaceted personality constructs be tested? Issues illustrated by self-monitoring, attributional style, and hardiness . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 56 , 577 – 585 . doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.56.4.577
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen , J. ( 1988 ). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.) . Hillsdale , NJ : Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• DeSouza , E. R. , Pierce , T. , Zanelli , J. C. , & Hutz , C. ( 1992 ). Perceived sexual intent in the U.S. and Brazil as a function of nature of encounter, subjects’ nationality, and gender . Journal of Sex Research , 29 , 251 – 260 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeVellis , R. F. ( 2012 ). Scale development: Theory and applications (3rd ed.) . Thousand Oaks , CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• de Weerth , C. , & Kalma , A. ( 1995 ). Gender differences in awareness of courtship initiation tactics . Sex Roles , 32 , 717 – 734 . doi: 10.1007/BF01560186
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dweck , C. S. , & Leggett , E. L. ( 1988 ). A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality . Psychological Review , 95 , 256 – 273 . doi: 10.1037/0033-295X.95.2.256
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farris , C. , Treat , T. , Viken , R. , & McCall , R. M. ( 2008 ). Sexual coercion and the misperception of sexual intent . Clinical Psychology Review , 28 , 48 – 66 . doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2007.03.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fichten , C. S. , Tagalakis , V. , Judd , D. , Wright , J. , & Amsel , R. ( 1992 ). Verbal and nonverbal communication cues in daily conversations and dating . Journal of Social Psychology , 132 , 751 – 769 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fisher , T. D. , & Walters , A. S. ( 2003 ). Variables in addition to gender that help explain differences in perceived sexual interest . Psychology of Men and Masculinity , 4 , 154 – 162 . doi: 10.1037/1524-9220.4.2.154
   Google Scholar
• George , W. H. , Stoner , S. A. , Davis , K. C. , Lindgren , K. P. , Norris , J. , & Lopez , P. A. ( 2006 ). Postdrinking sexual perceptions and behaviors toward another person: Alcohol expectancy set and gender differences . Journal of Sex Research , 43 , 282 – 292 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenwald , A. G. , Banaji , M. R. , Rudman , L. A. , Farnham , S. D. , Nosek , B. A. , & Mellott , D. S. ( 2002 ). A unified theory of implicit attitudes, stereotypes, self-esteem, and self-concept . Psychological Review , 109 , 3 – 25 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hall , G. C. N. , Sue , S. , Narang , D. S. , Lilly , R. S. ( 2000 ). Culture-specific models of men's sexual aggression: Intra- and interpersonal determinants . Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology , 6 , 252 – 267 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hall , G. C. N. , Teten , A. L. , DeGarmo , D. S. , Sue , S. , & Stephens , K. A. ( 2005 ). Ethnicity, culture, and sexual aggression: Risk and protective factors . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 73 , 830 – 840 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harnish , R. J. , Abbey , A. , & DeBono , K. G. ( 1990 ). Toward an understanding of the “sex game”: The effects of gender and self-monitoring on perceptions of sexuality and likeability in initial interactions . Journal of Applied Social Psychology , 20 , 1333 – 1344 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haselton , M. G. ( 2003 ). The sexual overperception bias: Evidence of a systematic bias in men from a survey of naturally occurring events . Journal of Research in Personality , 37 , 34 – 47 . doi: 10.1016/S0092-6566(02)00529-9
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haselton , M. G. , & Buss , D. M. ( 2000 ). Error management theory: A new perspective on biases in cross-sex mind reading . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 78 , 81 – 91 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hays , R. B. ( 1984 ). The development and maintenance of friendship . Journal of Social and Personal Relationships , 1 , 75 – 98 . doi: 10.1177/0265407584011005
   Google Scholar
• Hayton , J. C. , Allen , D. G. , & Scarpello , V. ( 2004 ). Factor retention decisions in exploratory factor analysis: A tutorial on parallel analysis . Organizational Research Methods , 7 , 191 – 205 . doi: 10.1177/1094428104263675
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Henningsen , D. D. ( 2004 ). Flirting with meaning: An examination of miscommunication in flirting interactions . Sex Roles , 50 , 481 – 489 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu , L. T. , & Bentler , P. M. ( 1999 ). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in ccovariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives . Structural Equation Modeling , 6 , 1 – 55 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• IBM , Inc. ( 2011 ). SPSS Statistics (Version 20) [Computer software] . Chicago , IL : Author .
   Google Scholar
• Jacques-Tiura , A. J. , Abbey , A. , Parkhill , M. R. , & Zawacki , T. ( 2007 ). Why do some men misperceive women's sexual intentions more frequently than others do? An application of the confluence model . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 33 , 1467 – 1480 . doi: 10.1177/0146167207306281
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson-Vickberg , S. M. , & Deaux , K. ( 2005 ). Measuring the dimensions of women's sexuality: The women's sexual self-concept scale . Sex Roles , 53 , 361 – 369 . doi: 10.1007/s11199-005-6759-y
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaiser , H. ( 1970 ). A second generation Little Jiffy . Psychometrika , 35 , 401 – 415 . doi: 10.1007/BF02291817
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaiser , H. ( 1974 ). An index of factorial simplicity . Psychometrika , 39 , 31 – 36 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koeppel , L. B. , Montagne-Miller , Y. , O'Hair , D. , & Cody , M. J. ( 1993 ). Friendly? Flirting? Wrong? In P. J. Kalbfleisch (Ed.), Interpersonal communication: Evolving interpersonal relationships (pp. 13 – 32 ). Hillsdale , NJ : Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Koss , M. P. , & Oros , C. J. ( 1982 ). Sexual Experiences Survey: A research instrument investigating sexual aggression and victimization . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 50 , 455 – 457 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koukounas , E. , & Letch , N. M. ( 2001 ). Psychological correlates of perception of sexual intent in women . Journal of Social Psychology , 141 , 443 – 456 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kowalski , R. M. ( 1993 ). Inferring sexual interest from behavioral cues: Effects of gender and sexually relevant attitudes . Sex Roles , 29 , 13 – 35 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lenton , A. P. , & Bryan , A. ( 2005 ). An affair to remember: The role of sexual scripts in perceptions of sexual intent . Personal Relationships , 12 , 483 – 498 . doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6811.2005.00127.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lenton , A. P. , Bryan , A. , Hastie , R. , & Fischer , O. ( 2007 ). We want the same thing: Projection in judgments of sexual intent . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 33 , 975 – 988 . doi: 10.1177/0146167207301019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levesque , M. J. , Nave , C. S. , & Lowe , C. A. ( 2006 ). Toward an understanding of gender differences in inferring sexual interest . Psychology of Women Quarterly , 30 , 150 – 158 . doi: 10.1111/j.1471–6402.2006.00278.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levinger , G. , & Snoek , J. D. ( 1972 ). Attraction in relationship: A new look at interpersonal attraction . Morristown , NJ : General Learning Press .
   Google Scholar
• Lindgren , K. P. , Parkhill , M. R. , George , W. H. , & Hendershot , C. S. ( 2008 ). Gender differences in perceptions of sexual intent: A qualitative review and integration . Psychology of Women Quarterly , 32 , 423 – 439 . doi: 10.1111/j.1471-6402.2008.00456.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malamuth , N. M. ( 1981 ). Rape proclivity among males . Journal of Social Issues , 37 , 138 – 157 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malamuth , N. M. ( 1983 ). Factors associated with rape as predictors of laboratory aggression against women . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 45 , 432 – 442 . doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.45.2.432
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malamuth , N. M. , Linz , D. , Heavey , C. L. , Barnes , G. , & Acker , M. ( 1995 ). Using the confluence model of sexual aggression to predict men's conflict with women: A ten-year follow-up study . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 69 , 353 – 369 . doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.69.2.353
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malamuth , N. M. , Sockloskie , R. J. , Koss , M. P. , & Tanaka , J. S. ( 1991 ). Characteristics of aggressors against women: Testing a model using a national sample of college students . Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 59 , 670 – 681 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martin , A. F. , Vergeles , M. R. , Acevedo , V. D. , Sanchez , A. D. , & Visa , S. L. (2005). The involvement in sexual coercive behaviors of Spanish college men: Prevalence and risk factors. Journal of Interpersonal Violence , 20, 872–891.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McCormick , N. B. , & Jones , A. J. ( 1989 ). Gender differences in nonverbal flirtation . Journal of Sex Education and Therapy , 15 , 271 – 282 .
   Google Scholar
• McKenzie-Mohr , D. , & Zanna , M. P. ( 1990 ). Treating women as sexual objects: Look to the (gender schematic) male who has viewed pornography . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 16 , 296 – 308 . doi: 10.1177/0146167290162010
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Metts , S. , & Spitzberg , B. H. ( 1996 ). Sexual communication in interpersonal contexts: A script-based approach . In B. R. Burleson (Ed.), Communication yearbook 19 (pp. 49 – 92 ). Thousand Oaks , CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Miller , R. S. , Perlman , D. , & Brehm , S. S. ( 2007 ). Intimate relationships (4th ed.) . New York , NY : McGraw-Hill .
   Google Scholar
• Moore , M. M. ( 1995 ). Courtship signals and adolescents: “Girls just wanna have fun”? Journal of Sex Research , 32 , 319 – 328 . doi: 10.1080/00224499509551805
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mosher , D. L. , & Anderson , R. D. ( 1986 ). Macho personality, sexual aggression, and reactions to guided imagery of realistic rape . Journal of Research in Personality , 20 , 77 – 94 . doi: 10.1016/0092-6566(86)90111-X
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muehlenhard , C. L. ( 1988 ). Misinterpreted dating behaviors and the risk of date rape . Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology , 6 , 20 – 37 . doi: 10.1521/jscp.1988.6.1.20
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muehlenhard , C. L. , & Felts , A. S. ( 1998 ). Sexual Belief Scale . In C. M. Davis , W. L. Yarber , R. Bauserman , G. Schreer & S. L. Davis (Eds.), Handbook of sexuality-related measures (pp. 116 – 118 ). Thousand Oaks , CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Payne , D. L. , Lonsway , K. A. , & Fitzgerald , L. F. ( 1999 ). Rape myth acceptance: Exploration of its structure and its measurement using the Illinois Rape Myth Acceptance Scale . Journal of Research in Personality , 33 , 27 – 68 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perilloux , C. , Easton , J. A. , & Buss , D. M. ( 2012 ). The misperception of sexual interest . Psychological Science , 23 , 146 – 151 . doi: 10.1177/0956797611424162
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Perper , T. , & Weis , D. L. ( 1987 ). Proceptive and rejective strategies of U.S. and Canadian college women . Journal of Sex Research , 23 , 455 – 480 .
   Google Scholar
• Prezza Technologies , Inc. ( 2010 ). CheckBox (Version 4.7) [Computer software] . Cambridge , MA : Author .
   Google Scholar
• Quackenbush , R. L. ( 1989 ). Assessing men's social-sexual effectiveness: A self-report instrument . Psychological Reports , 64 , 969 – 970 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shea , M. E. C. ( 1993 ). The effects of selective evaluation on the perceptions of female cues in sexually coercive and noncoercive males . Archives of Sexual Behavior , 22 , 415 – 433 . doi: 10.1007/BF01542557
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Shotland , R. L. ( 1989 ). A model of the causes of date rape in developing and close relationships . In C. Hendrick (Ed.), Close relationships (pp. 247 – 270 ). Thousand Oaks , CA : Sage .
   Google Scholar
• Simpson , J. A. , & Gangestad , S. W. ( 1991 ). Individual differences in sociosexuality: Evidence for convergent and discriminant validity . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 60 , 870 – 883 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snyder , M. ( 1974 ). Self-monitoring of expressive behavior . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 30 , 526 – 537 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vrij , A. , & Kirby , E. ( 2002 ). Sex differences in interpreting male-female dyad interactions: Males’ predominance in perceiving sexual intent . International Review of Victimology , 9 , 289 – 297 .
   Google Scholar
• Watkins , M. ( 2000 ). Monte Carlo PCS for parallel analysis [Computer software]. Retrieved from http://edpsychassociates.com/watkins3.html
   Google Scholar
• Worthington , R. L. , & Whittaker , T. A. ( 2006 ). Scale development research: A content analysis and recommendations for best practices . Counseling Psychologist , 34 , 806 – 838 . doi: 10.1177/0011000006288127
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar