1,814
Views
14
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

“Sex is Easier to Get and Love is Harder to Find”: Costs and Rewards of Hooking Up Among First-Year College Students

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, & ORCID Icon

References

  • Anders, K. M., & Olmstead, S. B. (2019). A qualitative examination of the sexual possible selves and strategies of first-semester college students: How sexual possible selves are developed during the transition to college. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 48, 1859–1876. doi:10.1007/s10508-018-1332-2
  • Arnett, J. J. (2015). Emerging adulthood: The winding road from the late teens through the twenties (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Barriger, M., & Velez-Blasini, C. J. (2013). Descriptive and injunctive social norm overestimation in hooking up and their role as predictors of hook-up activity in a college student sample. Journal of Sex Research, 50, 84–94. doi:10.1080/00224499.2011.607928
  • Berg, B. L. (1998). Qualitative research methods (3rd ed.). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
  • Berntson, M., Hoffman, K., & Luff, T. (2014). College as context: Influences on interpersonal sexual scripts. Sexuality & Culture, 18, 149–165. doi:10.1007/s12119-013-9180-7
  • Bersamin, M. M., Zamboanga, B. L., Schwartz, S. J., Donnellan, M. B., Hudson, M., Weisskirch, R. S., … Caraway, S. J. (2014). Risky business: Is there an association between casual sex and mental health among emerging adults? Journal of Sex Research, 51, 43–51. doi:10.1080/00224499.2013.772088
  • Bogle, K. A. (2008). Hooking up: Sex, dating, and relationships on campus. New York, NY: New York University Press.
  • Bradshaw, C., Kahn, A. S., & Saville, B. K. (2010). To hook up or date: Which gender benefits? Sex Roles, 62, 661–669. doi:10.1007/s11199-010-9765-7
  • Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3, 77–101. doi:10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
  • Byers, E. S., Demmons, S., & Lawrance, K. A. (1998). Sexual satisfaction within dating relationships: A test of the interpersonal exchange model of sexual satisfaction. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 15, 257–267. doi:10.1177/0265407598152008
  • Cantor, D., Fisher, B., Chibnall, S., Townsend, R., Lee, H., Bruce, C., & Thomas, G. (2015). Report on the AAU campus climate survey on sexual assault and sexual misconduct. Chicago, IL: Association of American Universities.
  • Cate, R. M., Lloyd, S. A., & Long, E. (1988). The role of rewards and fairness in developing premarital relationships. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 50, 443–452. doi:10.2307/352009
  • Claxton, S. E., & van Dulmen, M. H. M. (2013). Casual sex relationships and experiences in emerging adulthood. Emerging Adulthood, 1, 138–150. doi:10.1177/2167696813487181
  • Crawford, M., & Popp, D. (2003). Sexual double standards: A review and methodological critique of two decades of research. The Journal of Sex Research, 40, 13–26. doi:10.1080/00224490309552163
  • Creswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five traditions (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Felmlee, D., Sprecher, S., & Bassin, E. (1990). The dissolution of intimate relationships: A hazard model. Social Psychology Quarterly, 53, 13–30. doi:10.2307/2786866
  • Fielder, R., & Carey, M. (2010). Predictors and consequences of sexual “hook ups” among college students: A short-term prospective study. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 39, 1105–1119. doi:10.1007/s10508-008-9448-4
  • Fielder, R., Walsh, J. L., Carey, K. B., & Carey, M. P. (2013). Predictors of sexual hook ups: A theory-based, prospective study of first-year college women. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 42, 1–29. doi:10.1007/s10508-013-0106-0
  • Gere, J., MacDonald, G., Joel, S., Spielmann, S. S., & Impett, E. A. (2013). The independent contributions of social reward and threat perceptions to romantic commitment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 105, 961–977. doi:10.1037/a0033874
  • Glenn, N., & Marquardt, E. (2001). Hooking up, hanging out, and hoping for Mr. Right: College women on dating and mating today. New York, NY: Institute for American Values. Retrieved from http://www.americanvalues.org/Hooking_Up.pdf
  • Guest, G., Namey, E., & McKenna, K. (2017). How many focus groups are enough? Building an evidence base for nonprobability sample sizes. Field Methods, 29, 3–22. doi:10.1177/1525822X16639015
  • Hamilton, L., & Armstrong, E. A. (2009). Gendered sexuality in young adulthood: Double binds and flawed options. Gender & Society, 23, 589–616. doi:10.1177/0891243209345829
  • Heldman, C., & Wade, L. (2010). Hook-up culture: Setting a new research agenda. Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 7, 323–333. doi:10.1007/s13178-010-0024-z
  • Humphrey, J. A., & White, J. W. (2000). Women’s vulnerability to sexual assault from adolescence to young adulthood. Journal of Adolescent Health, 27, 419–424. doi:10.1016/S1054-139X(00)00168-3
  • Kelley, H., & Thibaut, J. (1978). Interpersonal relations: A theory of interdependence. New York, NY: Wiley.
  • Krueger, R. A., & Casey, M. (2014). Focus groups: A practical guide for applied research (5th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • LaBrie, J. W., Hummer, J. F., Ghaidarov, T. M., Lac, A., & Kenney, S. R. (2014). Hooking up in the college context: The event-level effects of alcohol use and partner familiarity on hook up behaviors and contentment. Journal of Sex Research, 51, 62–73. doi:10.1080/00224499.2012.714010
  • Lambert, T. A., Kahn, A. S., & Apple, K. J. (2003). Pluralistic ignorance and hooking up. Journal of Sex Research, 40, 129–133. doi:10.1080/00224490309552174
  • Lewis, M. A., Granato, H., Blayney, J. A., Lostutter, T. W., & Kilmer, J. R. (2012). Predictors of hooking up sexual behaviors and emotional reactions among U.S. college students. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 41, 1219–1229. doi:10.1007/s10508-011-9817-2
  • Littleton, H., Tabernik, H., Canales, E. J., & Backstrom, T. (2009). Risky situation or harmless fun? A qualitative examination of college women’s bad hook-up and rape scripts. Sex Roles, 60, 793–804. doi:10.1007/s11199-009-9586-8
  • Morgan, D. L. (1997). Focus groups as qualitative research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Muehlenhard, C. L., & Hollabaugh, L. C. (1988). Do women sometimes say no when they mean yes? The prevalence and correlates of women’s token resistance to sex. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 872–879. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.5.872
  • Murphy, S. T., Monahan, J. L., & Miller, L. C. (1998). Inference under the influence: The impact of alcohol and inhibition conflict on women’s sexual decision making. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24, 517–528. doi:10.1177/0146167298245007
  • Owen, J., & Fincham, F. D. (2011). Young adults’ emotional reactions after hooking up encounters. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 40, 321–330. doi:10.1007/s10508-010-9652-x
  • Owen, J. J., Rhoades, G. K., Stanley, S. M., & Fincham, F. D. (2010). ‘Hooking up’ among college students: Demographic and psychosocial correlates. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 39, 653–663. doi:10.1007/s10508-008-9414-1
  • Paul, E. L., & Hayes, K. A. (2002). The casualties of ‘casual’ sex: A qualitative exploration of the phenomenology of college students’ hook ups. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 19, 639–661. doi:10.1177/0265407502195006
  • Reiber, C., & Garcia, J. R. (2010). Hooking up: Gender differences, evolution, and pluralistic ignorance. Evolutionary Psychology, 8, 390–404. doi:10.1177/147470491000800307
  • Roberson, P. N. E., Olmstead, S. B., & Fincham, F. D. (2015). Hooking up during the college years: Is there a pattern? Culture, Health, & Sexuality, 17, 576–591. doi:10.1080/13691058.2014.972458
  • Rusbult, C. E. (1980). Commitment and satisfaction in romantic associations: A test of the investment model. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 16, 172–186. doi:10.1016/0022-1031(80)90007-4
  • Simon, W., & Gagnon, J. H. (2003). Sexual scripts: Origins, influences and changes. Qualitative Sociology, 26, 491–497. doi:10.1023/B:QUAS.0000005053.99846.e5
  • Sprecher, S. (1998). Social exchange theories and sexuality. Journal of Sex Research, 35, 32–43. doi:10.1080/00224499809551915
  • Thibaut, J., & Kelley, H. (Ed.). (1959). The social psychology of groups. Piscataway, NJ: Transaction Publishers.
  • Wiederman, M. W. (2005). The gendered nature of sexual scripts. The Family Journal, 13, 496–502. doi:10.1177/1066480705278729
  • Worthington, R. L., Navarro, R. L., Savoy, H. B., & Hampton, D. (2008). Development, reliability, and validity of the measure of sexual identity exploration and commitment (MoSIEC). Developmental Psychology, 44, 22–33. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.44.1.22

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.