Laccaria Laccata Complex in North America and Sweden: Intercollection Pairing and Morphometric Analyses

LITERATURE CITED

• Abbott, L. A., F. A. Bisby, and D. J. Rogers. 1985. Taxonomic analysis in biology. Columbia University Press, New York, New York. 336 p.
   Google Scholar
• Anderson, J. B., K. Korhonen, and R. C. Ullrich. 1980. Relationships between European and North American biological species of Armillaria mellea. Exp. Mycol. 4: 87–95.
   Google Scholar
• Anderson, J. B., K. Korhonen, and R. C. Ullrich, and R. C. Ullrich. 1979. Biological species of Armillariella mellea in North America. Mycologia 71: 402–414.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ballero, M., and M. Contu. 1987. Tassonomia ed ecologia del genere Laccaria Berk. & Br. (Basidiomycetes, Agaricales, Tricholomataceae) in Sardegna. Candollea 42: 601–611.
   Google Scholar
• Ballero, M., and M. Contu. 1989. Inquadramento tassonomico delle specie europee del genere Laccaria Berk. & Br. Candollea 44: 119–127.
   Google Scholar
• Barrett, V., R. K. Dixon, and P. A. Lemke. 1990. Genetic transformation of a mycorrhizal fungus. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 33: 313–316.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boidin, J. 1977. Intérêt des cultures dans la délimitation des espèces chez les Aphyllophorales et les Auriculariales. Pp. 277–321. In: The species concept in Hymenomycetes. Ed., H. Clémençon. J. Cramer, Vaduz, Liechtenstein.
   Google Scholar
• Boidin, J.. 1986. Intercompatibihty and the species concept in the saprobic Basidiomycotina. Mycotaxon 26: 319–336.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boidin, J., and P. Lanquetin. 1984. Le genre Amylostereum (Basidiomycetes) intercompatibilités partielles entre espèces allopatriques. Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 100: 211–236.
   Google Scholar
• Bon, M. 1983. Tricholomataceae de France et d'Europe occidentale (6éme partie: Tribu Clitocybeae Fay.). Doc. Mycol. 13: 1–53.
   Google Scholar
• Bookstein, F., B. Chernoff, R. Elder, J. Humphries, G. Smith, and R. Strauss. 1985. Morphometrics in evolutionary biology. Special Publ. 15. The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 277 p.
   Google Scholar
• Bruns, T. D., and J. D. Palmer. 1989. Evolution of mushroom mitochondrial DNA: Suillus and related genera. J. Molec. Evol. 28: 349–362.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burnett, J. H. 1983. Speciation in fungi. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 81: 1–14.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chase, T. E., and R. C. Ullrich. 1990a. Genetic basis of biological species in Heterobasidion annosum: mendelian determinants. Mycologia 82: 67–72.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chase, T. E., and R. C. Ullrich. 1990b. Five genes determining intersterility in Heterobasidion annosum. Mycologia 82: 73–81.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cheeseman, G. N., and D. W. Grund. 1985. Preparation of agaric material for SEM examination: an improved method. Mycotaxon 23: 451–455.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clémençon, H. 1984. Kompendium der Blätterpilze VI. Lacearia. Z. Mykol. 50: 3–12.
   Google Scholar
• Contu, M. 1986. Osservazioni sul genere Lacearia Berk. & Br. Micol. Ven. 1:4–8.
   Google Scholar
• De Queiroz, K., and M. Donoghue. 1988. Phylogenetic systematics and the species problem. Cladistics 4: 317–338.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Queiroz, K., and M. Donoghue. 1990. Phylogenetic systematic and species revisited. Cladistics 6: 83–90.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donoghue, M. J. 1985. A critique of the biological species concept and recommendations for a phylogenetic alternative. Bryologist 88: 172–181.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doudrick, R. L., and N. A. Anderson. 1989. Incompatibility factors and mating competence of two Laccaria spp. (Agaricales) associated with black spruce in northern Minnesota. Phytopathology 79: 694–700.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duncan, E. G., and J. A. MacDonald. 1967. Microevolution in Auricularia auricula. Mycologia 59: 803–818.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fries, N. 1983. Basidiospore germination in species of Boletaceae. Mycotaxon 18: 345–354.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fries, N.. 1987. Ecological and evolutionary aspects of spore germination in the higher Basidiomycetes. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 88: 1–7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fries, N., and G. M. Mueller. 1984. Incompatibility systems, cultural features and species circumscriptions in the ectomycorrhizal genus Laccaria (Agaricales). Mycologia 76: 633–642.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gardes, M., J. A. Fortin, G. M. Mueller, and B. K. Kropp. 1990. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms in the nuclear ribosomal DNA of four Laccaria spp.: L. bicolor, L. laccata, L. proxima, and L. amethystina. Phytopathology 80: 1312–1317.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gardes, M., J. A. Fortin, G. M. Mueller, and B. K. Kropp, G. M. Mueller, J. A. Fortin, and B. R. Kropp. 1991a. Mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms in Laccaria bicolor, L. laccata, L. proxima and L. amethystina. Mycol. Res. 95: 206–216.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gardes, M., J. A. Fortin, G. M. Mueller, and B. K. Kropp, G. M. Mueller, J. A. Fortin, and B. R. Kropp, T. W. White, J. A. Fortin, T. D. Bruns, and J. W. Taylor. 1991b. Identification of indigenous and introduced symbiotic fungi in ectomycorrhizae by amplification of nuclear and mitochondrial ribosomal DNA. Canad. J. Bot. 69: 180–190.
   Google Scholar
• Hallenberg, N. 1984. Compatibility between species of Corticiaceae S. L. (Basidiomycetes) from Europe and North America. Mycotaxon 21: 335–388.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holmgren, P., W. Keuken, and E. Schofield. 1981. Index herbariorum Part I. The herbaria of the world. 7th ed. Regnum Veg. 106: 1–452.
   Google Scholar
• Jacobsson, S. 1989. Studies on Pholiota in culture. Mycotaxon 36: 95–145.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jandel Video Analysis Software. 1989. User's manual for IBM AT and compatibles, version 1.3. Jandel Scientific, Corte Madera, California.
   Google Scholar
• Kropp, B. R., and J. A. Fortin. 1988. The incompatibility system and relative ectomycorrhizal performance of monokaryons and reconstituted dikaryons of Laccaria bicolor. Canad. J. Bot. 66: 289–294.
   Google Scholar
• Kropp, B. R., and J. A. Fortin, and C. G. Langlois. 1990. Ectomycorrhizae in forestry. Canad. J. Forest Res. 20: 438–451.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lange, M. 1952. Species concept in the genus Coprinus, a study on the significance of intersterility. Dansk Bot. Ark. 14: 1–164.
   Google Scholar
• Macrae, R. 1967. Pairing incompatibility and other distinctions among Hirschioporus [Polyporus] abietinus, H. fusco-violaceus, and H. laricinus. Canad. J. Bot. 45: 1371–1398.
   Google Scholar
• Marcus, L. F. 1990. Traditional morphometrics. Pp. 77–122. In: Proceedings of the Michigan morphometrics workshop. Eds., F. J. Rohlf and F. L. Bookstein. The University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
   Google Scholar
• Moser, M. 1983. Keys to agarics and boleti (Polyporales, Boletales, Agaricales, Russulales). Roger Phillips, London. 535 p.
   Google Scholar
• Mueller, G. M. 1982. The genus Laccaria in North America excluding Mexico. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. of Tennessee, Knoxville. 341 p.
   Google Scholar
• Mueller, G. M.. 1985. Numerical taxonomic analyses on Laccaria (Agaricales). Mycologia 77: 121–129.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mueller, G. M.. 1991a. The Swedish taxa of Laccaria (Agaricales) with notes on their distribution. Nordic J. Bot. 10: 665–680.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mueller, G. M.. 1991b. Laccaria longipes, a new North American species in the Laccaria laccata complex. Mycotaxon 40: 145–150.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mueller, G. M., and M. Gardes. 1991. Intra-and interspecific relations within Laccaria bicolor sensu lato. Mycol. Res. 95: 592–601.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mueller, G. M., and M. Gardes, and E. C. Vellinga. 1986. Taxonomic and nomenclatural notes on Laccaria B. & Br.: Laccaria amethystea, L. fraterna, L. laccata, L. pumila, and their synonyms. Persoonia 13: 27–43.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nixon, K. C., and Q. D. Wheeler. 1990. An amplification of the phylogenetic species concept. Cladistics 6: 211–223.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rohlf, F. J. 1989. NTSYS-pc: numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis system, version 1.50 manual. Exeter Publishing, Ltd., Setauket, New York.
   Google Scholar
• Rohlf, F. J., and F. L. Bookstein. 1990. Proceedings of the Michigan morphometrics workshop. Special Publication No. 2, The University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 380 p.
   Google Scholar
• SAS. 1985. SAS for personal computers, version 6.03. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina.
   Google Scholar
• SAS.. 1987. SAS/GRAPH guide for personal computers, version 6 Edition. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina.
   Google Scholar
• Singer, R. 1946. Two new species in the Agaricales. Mycologia 38: 687–690.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singer, R.. 1967. Notes sur le genre Laccaria. Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 83: 104–123.
   Google Scholar
• Singer, R.. 1977. Die gruppe der Laccaria laccata (Agaricales). Pl. Syst. Evol. 126: 347–370.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sneath, P. H. A., and R. R. Sokal. 1973. Numerical taxonomy. W. H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco, California. 573 p.
   Google Scholar
• Stuessy, T. F. 1990. Plant taxonomy: the systematic evaluation of comparative data. Columbia University Press, New York. 514 p.
   Google Scholar
• Taylor, J. W., and D. O. Natvig. 1989. Mitochondria DNA and evolution of heterothallic and pseudo-homothallic Neurospora species. Mycol. Res. 93: 257–272.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vilgalys, R., and O. K. Miller, Jr. 1983. Biological species in the Collybia dryophila group in North America. Mycologia 75: 707–722.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vilgalys, R., and O. K. Miller, Jr.. 1987a. Morphological studies on the Collybia dryophila group in Europe. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 88: 461–472.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vilgalys, R., and O. K. Miller, Jr.. 1987b. Mating relationships within the Collybia dryophila group in Europe. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 89: 295–300.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wells, K., and G. J. Wong. 1989. Partial intersterility and evidence of allopatric speciation in Exidiopsis plumbesens (Exidiaceae). Mycologia 81: 567–586.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar