The performance of single-rearing ewes and their lambs offered ryegrass pasture or herb–clover mix during lactation

References

• Allison AJ. 1968. The influence of liveweight on ovulation rate in the ewe. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production. 28:115–119.
   Google Scholar
• Andersen C, Nielsen TS, Purup S, Kristensen T, Eriksen J, Søegaard K, Sørensen J, Fretté XC. 2009. Phyto-oestrogens in herbage and milk from cows grazing white clover, red clover, lucerne or chicory-rich pastures. Animal. 3:1189–1195. doi: 10.1017/S1751731109004613
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bastiman B. 1972. The effect of ewe condition at tupping on lambing performance. Experimental Husbandry. 22:22–24.
   Google Scholar
• Corner-Thomas RA, Kemp PD, Morris ST, Kenyon PR. 2014. Grazing alternative herbages in lactation increases the liveweight of both ewe lambs and their progeny at weaning. Animal Production Science. 54:1741–1746. doi: 10.1071/AN14229
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cranston LM, Corner-Thomas RA, Kenyon PR, Morris ST. 2016. Growth of early weaned lambs on a plantain-clover mix compared with lambs suckling their dam on a plantain-clover mix or a grass based sward. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production. 76:65–68.
   Google Scholar
• Cranston LM, Kenyon PR, Morris ST, Kemp PD. 2015. A review of the use of chicory, plantain, red clover and white clover in a sward mix for increased sheep and beef production. Journal of New Zealand Grasslands. 77:89–94.
   Google Scholar
• Doney J, Gunn R. 1981. Nutritional and other factors in breeding performance of ewes. In: Gilmore D, Cook B, editors. Environmental factors in mammal reproduction. Springer; p. 169–177.
   Google Scholar
• Edwards GR, Parsons AJ, Bryant RH. 2008. Manipulating dietary preference to improve animal performance. Australian Journal of Experimental Agricultural. 48:773–779. doi: 10.1071/EA08006
   Google Scholar
• Forcada F, Abecia JA, Sierra I. 1992. Seasonal-changes in estrus activity and ovulation rate in rasa-aragonesa ewes maintained at 2 different body condition levels. Small Ruminant Research. 8:313–324. doi: 10.1016/0921-4488(92)90212-M
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gunn RG, Doney JM. 1975. The interaction of nutrition and body condition at mating on ovulation rate and early embryo mortality in Scottish Blackface ewes. Journal of Agricultural Science. 85:465–470. doi: 10.1017/S0021859600062341
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gunn RG, Doney JM, Russel AJF. 1969. Fertility in Scottish Blackface ewes as influenced by nutrition and body condition at mating. Journal of Agricultural Science. 73:289–294. doi: 10.1017/S0021859600014507
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gunn RG, Doney JM, Russel AJF. 1972. Embryo mortality in Scottish Blackface ewes as influenced by body condition at mating and by post-mating nutrition. Journal of Agricultural Science. 79:19–25. doi: 10.1017/S0021859600025326
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hodgson J, Matthews P, Matthew C, Lucas R. 1999. Pasture measurement. In: Hodgson J, editor. New Zealand pasture and crop science journal white. Auckland, NZ: Oxford University; p. 59–65.
   Google Scholar
• Hutton P, Kenyon P, Bedi M, Kemp P, Stafford K, West D, Morris S. 2011a. Brief communication: the influence of a herb and legume sward on maternal behaviour and lamb colostrum intake and thermoregulation. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production. 71:50–52.
   Google Scholar
• Hutton PG, Kenyon PR, Bedi MK, Kemp PD, Stafford KJ, West DM, Morris ST. 2011b. A herb and legume sward mix increased ewe milk production and ewe and lamb live weight gain to weaning compared to a ryegrass dominant sward. Animal Feed Science Technology. 164:1–7. doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2010.11.014
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• JDJL Limited 2016. Y lamb schedule prices Auckland. JDJL Limited. http://www.interest.co.nz/Charts/Rural/Lamb%20Y.
   Google Scholar
• Jefferies BC. 1961. Body condition scoring and its use in management. Tasmanian Journal of Agriculture. 32:19–21.
   Google Scholar
• Kenyon PR, Kemp PD, Stafford KJ, West DM, Morris ST. 2010. Can a herb and white clover mix improve the performance of multiple-bearing ewes and their lambs to weaning? Animal Production Science. 50:513–521. doi: 10.1071/AN09177
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kenyon PR, Maloney SK, Blache D. 2014. Review of sheep body condition in relation to production characteristics. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research. 57:38–64. doi: 10.1080/00288233.2013.857698
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kirton AH, Carter AH, Clarke JN, Duganzich DM. 1984. Dressing percentages of lambs. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production. 44:231–234.
   Google Scholar
• Knight TW. 1980. Effects of diet and liveweight on ovulation rates in ‘Romney’ ewes. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production. 40:38–42.
   Google Scholar
• Lombardi D, Vasseur E, Berthiaume R, DeVries T, Bergeron R. 2015. Feeding preferences and voluntary feed intake of dairy cows: effect of conservation and harvest time of birdsfoot trefoil and chicory. Journal of Dairy Science. 98:7238–7247. doi: 10.3168/jds.2015-9427
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Marley C, Cook R, Keatinge R, Barrett J, Lampkin N. 2003. The effect of birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) and chicory (Cichorium intybus) on parasite intensities and performance of lambs naturally infected with helminth parasites. Veterinary Parasitology. 112:147–155. doi: 10.1016/S0304-4017(02)00412-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McEwan JC, McDonald RC, Fennessy PF, Thompson KF, Hughson CG, Dodds KG. 1988. Pasture quality and nutrition in weaned lambs. In: Proceedings of the Society of Sheep and Beef Cattle Veterinarians of the New Zealand Veterinary Association. Wellington: New Zealand Veterinary Association; p. 178–188.
   Google Scholar
• Ministry for Primary Industries (MPI). 2017. Livestock slaughter statistics. http://www.mpi.govt.nz/news-and-resources/open-data-and-forecasting/agriculture.
   Google Scholar
• Moot D, Matthew C, Kemp PD. 2007. Growth of pastures and supplementary crops. In: Rattray PV, Brookes IM, Nicol AM, editors. Pasture and supplements for grazing animals. Occasional Publication No. 14 ed. Hamilton: The New Zealand Society of Animal Production; p. 13–22.
   Google Scholar
• Morris ST, Kenyon PR. 2004. The effect of litter size and sward height on ewe and lamb performance. New Zealand Journal Agricultural Research. 47:275–286. doi: 10.1080/00288233.2004.9513596
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris ST, Kenyon PR. 2014. Intensive sheep and beef production from pasture – A New Zealand perspective of concerns, opportunities and challenges. Meat Science. 98:330–335. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.06.011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris ST, Parker WJ, Blair HT, McCutcheon SN. 1993. Effect of sward height during late pregnancy on intake and performance of continuously stocked June-lambing and August-lambing ewes. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research. 44:1635–1651. doi: 10.1071/AR9931635
   Google Scholar
• Muir PD, Thomson BC, Askin DC. 2008. A review of dressing out percentage in New Zealand livestock. Wellington: Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries.
   Google Scholar
• Newton JE, Betts JE, Wilde R. 1980. The effect of body condition and time of mating on the reproductive-performance of Masham ewes. Animal Production. 30:253–260. doi: 10.1017/S000335610002403X
   Google Scholar
• New Zealand Meat Producers Board. 2004. Guide to lamb and mutton carcass classification. Wellington: NZMC Authority.
   Google Scholar
• Nicol AM, Brookes IM. 2007. The metabolisable energy requirements of grazing livestock. In: Rattray PV, Brookes IM, Nicol AM, editors. Pasture and supplements for grazing animals. Occasional Publication No. 14 ed. Hamilton: The New Zealand Society of Animal Production; p. 151–172.
   Google Scholar
• Pain SJ, Corkran JR, Kenyon PR, Morris ST, Kemp PD. 2014. The influence of season on lambs’ feeding preference for plantain, chicory and red clover. Animal Production Science. 55:1241–1249. doi: 10.1071/AN14440
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pembleton KG, Hills JL, Freeman MJ, McLaren DK, French M, Rawnsley RP. 2016. More milk from forage: milk production, blood metabolites, and forage intake of dairy cows grazing pasture mixtures and spatially adjacent monocultures. Journal of Dairy Science. 99:3512–3528. doi: 10.3168/jds.2015-10542
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Raeside M, Nie Z, Robertson M, Partington D, Behrendt R. 2014. Plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) as pregnancy and lactation feed for ewes joined at 8 months of age. Animal Production Science. 54:1023–1029. doi: 10.1071/AN13205
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rattray PV, Jagusch KT, Smeaton DC. 1983. Interactions between feed quality, feed quantity, body weight and flushing. Proceedings of the Society of Sheep and Cattle Veterinarians of the New Zealand Veterinary Association. 13:21–34.
   Google Scholar
• Rattray PV, Jagusch KT, Smith JF, Winn GW, MacLean KS. 1980. Flushing responses from heavy and light ewes – brief communication. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production. 40:34–37.
   Google Scholar
• Reed K, Nie Z, Miller S, Hackney B, Boschma S, Mitchell M, Albertsen T, Moore G, Clark S, Craig A. 2008. Field evaluation of perennial grasses and herbs in southern Australia. 1. Establishment and herbage production. Animal Production Science. 48:409–423. doi: 10.1071/EA07135
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rhind SM, Doney JM, Gunn RG, Leslie ID. 1984. Effects of body condition and environmental-stress on ovulation rate, embryo survival, and associated plasma follicle-stimulating-hormone, luteinizing-hormone, prolactin and progesterone profiles in Scottish blackface ewes. Animal Production. 38:201–209. doi: 10.1017/S0003356100002191
   Google Scholar
• Roughan PG, Holland R. 1977. Predicting in-vivo digestibilities of herbages by exhaustive enzymic hydrolysis of cell walls. Journal of Science Food Agriculture. 28:1057–1064. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.2740281204
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sanderson M, Soder K, Muller L, Klement K, Skinner R, Goslee S. 2005. Forage mixture productivity and botanical composition in pastures grazed by dairy cattle. Agronomy J. 97:1465–1471. doi: 10.2134/agronj2005.0032
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scaramuzzi RJ, Campbell BK, Downing JA, Kendall NR, Khalid M, Munoz-Gutierrez M, Somchit A. 2006. A review of the effects of supplementary nutrition in the ewe on the concentrations of reproductive and metabolic hormones and the mechanisms that regulate folliculogenesis and ovulation rate. Reproduction Nutrition Development. 46:339–354. doi: 10.1051/rnd:2006016
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Smith JF. 1982. Principals of reproduction. In: Wickham GA, McDonald MF, editors. Sheep production: volume 1-breeding and reproduction. Wellington: New Zealand Institute of Agricultural Science; p. 211–237.
   Google Scholar
• Smith JF. 1991. A review of recent development on the effect of nutrition on ovulation rate (the flushing effect) with particular reference to research at Ruakura. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production. 51:15–24.
   Google Scholar
• Somasiri S, Kenyon P, Kemp P, Morel P, Morris S. 2015a. Effect of herb-clover mixes of plantain and chicory on yearling lamb production in the early spring period. Animal Production Science. 56:137–141.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Somasiri S, Kenyon P, Kemp P, Morel P, Morris S. 2015b. Growth performance and carcass characteristics of lambs grazing forage mixes inclusive of plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.) and chicory (Cichorium intybus L.). Small Ruminant Research. 127:20–27. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2015.04.005
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Somasiri SC, Kenyon PR, Morel PCH, Kemp PD, Morris ST. 2014. Alternative method to measure herbage dry matter (DM) mass in plantain and chicory mixed swards grazed by lambs. Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production. 74:5–10.
   Google Scholar
• Waghorn GC, Clark DA. 2004. Feeding value of pastures for ruminants. New Zealand Veterinary Journal. 52:320–331. doi: 10.1080/00480169.2004.36448
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar